Lub gallbladder koom nrog hauv kev tsim khoom, sib sau thiab xa cov kua tsib mus rau duodenum thaum cov zaub mov nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob no yog suav hais tias yog feem ntau pathologies. Lawv cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob zoo sib xws, tab sis muaj qee qhov sib txawv uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Nrog kev kho tsis raug lossis tsis raws sijhawm, ntau yam teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg me ntsis ntawm cov kab mob.
Txoj kev xav thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev
Lub gallbladder yog hais txog lub plab zom mov. Nws nyob ib sab ntawm daim siab, sab xis sab xis. Cov khoom nruab nrog cev no khaws cov kua tsib, uas yuav tsum tau rau kev zom zaub mov.
Nws koom ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob excretory. Cov tshuaj lom tsis tau lim los ntawm ob lub raum, yog li ntawd, lawv tau tawm ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov kua tsib. Zoo li lwm yam kabmob, cov kab mob biliary muajnyiam hnav, uas yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi muaj teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder yog dab tsi thiab lawv yog dab tsi raws nraim lawv tus yam ntxwv.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb
Cov kua tsib yaj thiab zom cov rog uas tuaj nrog zaub mov kom lawv nqus los ntawm lub cev. Cov teeb meem gallbladder tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim li cas xws li:
- hloov pauv hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kua tsib;
- kis kab mob ntawm cov mucous ntawm lub cev;
- kev tsis txaus noj thiab haus cawv.
Cov no tsuas yog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum cai li no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub txog cov txheej txheem ntawm pathology raws sij hawm thiab ua tiav kev kho mob nyuaj.
kab mob loj
Teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder thiab nws cov ducts yog cov kab mob sib kis thiab yog nyob rau thib 3 tom qab mob plawv thiab ntshav qab zib. Feem ntau lawv provoke lub siab mob. Feem ntau, cov poj niam muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov teeb meem zoo sib xws, txawm hais tias tsis ntev los no cov kab mob no tau pom txawm tias muaj menyuam yaus. Cov teeb meem gallbladder feem ntau yog:
- cholestasis;
- cholecystitis;
- kab mob gallstone;
- cholangitis;
- polyps hauv gallbladder.
Cov kab mob no nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob gallstone, muaj teeb meem loj ntawm daim siab thiab gallbladder. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsim cov xuab zeb hauv cov kua tsib ducts. Periodic los yog tas li stagnation ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv lub cev los yog ib qho kev hloov nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg ua rau tsim pob zeb. Cov dej ntws tawmTus kab mob no yuav siv sij hawm ntev heev thiab yuav luag asymptomatic. Koj tuaj yeem paub txog qhov muaj pob zeb thiab teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder heev los ntawm kev sib tsoo, thaum kuaj los ntawm kws kho mob.
Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev txav ntawm cov pob zeb uas muaj nyob hauv, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj mov, tsoo, kev txav tsis zoo. Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua txhaum cai, nws yuav tsum tau hais txog xws li:
- mob hauv cheeb tsam lumbar;
- nausea;
- ntuav.
Lwm tus kab mob uas muaj feem ntau yog cholecystitis. Nws tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm kev tawm ntawm cov kua tsib. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kab mob, gallstones tuaj yeem tsim. Yog tias cov calculi loj txog li 3 hli, ces lawv muaj peev xwm ntawm nws tus kheej los ntawm cov ducts. Cov pob zeb loj dua txhaws lawv, ua rau mob hnyav thiab colic. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ceev. Ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm cholecystitis, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los qhia txog xws li:
- paroxysmal mob hauv qab tav;
- kub nce;
- daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Thaum lub zog ntawm lub plab zom mov raug cuam tshuam, dyskinesia tshwm sim. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias muaj ib tug ntse deterioration nyob rau hauv lub suab ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab li qub ntawm cov kua tsib ducts. Ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb los qhia:
- tsis qab los;
- kev qaug zog;
- hnyav sab xis.
Ntawm cov teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder, cholangitis yuav tsum tau qhia. Tus kab mob no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawmo ntawm biliary ib ntsuj av. Yeej, nws tshwm sim raws li ib qho teeb meem ntawm tus kab mob hauv qab, traumatization, kab mob nkag mus. Tus kab mob no txaus ntshai vim nws loj hlob sai, thiab yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob raws sijhawm, tus neeg mob yuav tuag.
mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub cev tshwm sim raws li qhov teeb meem ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis tu ncua uas cuam tshuam rau daim nyias nyias thiab nws cov ducts. Ib tug malignant neoplasm yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev loj hlob sai thiab metastasis.
Ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob uas tau teev tseg tau kho tau zoo nrog txoj kev khaws cia, tab sis cholecystectomy yuav tsum tau ua. Tom qab txiav lub gallbladder, tus neeg yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj zaub mov nruj thiab txwv kev ua lub cev.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Nrog cov teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder, cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob muaj ntau txoj hauv kev zoo ib yam, tab sis txhua tus kab mob muaj qee yam nta. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog tus kws kho mob, raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kuaj mob, yuav tuaj yeem ua qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab sau ntawv kho kom raug. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias tej zaum yuav muaj tej yam teeb meem tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub gallbladder, yog li ntawd, nws yog tsim nyog los mus txuas ntxiv cov kev kho mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum tsis muaj lub cev no, koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev noj haus tshwj xeeb.
Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb meem gallbladder, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau hais txog:
- poob qab los;
- flatulence;
- nausea;
- burp;
- quav quav.
Kev hnov mob tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev siv zog, uas feem ntau nce ntxivtom qab noj cov zaub mov kib, rog lossis ntsim, nrog rau cov dej cawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv lub cev hnyav, yoo mov kom poob phaus, kev ntxhov siab. Qhov no yog thawj lub cim ntawm teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder thiab nws cov ducts. Thaum cov pob zeb muaj, qhov mob tshwm sim sai sai, mob kub hnyiab, uas hu ua hepatic colic.
Thaum muaj cov txheej txheem inflammatory, qhov kub thiab txias yuav nce. Yeej, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob syndrome qhia txog cov mob hnyav, txij li thaum pib, feem ntau cov kab mob ntawm lub cev yog asymptomatic. Tsis tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj qee cov tsos mob ntawm cov teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder ntawm lub ntsej muag, uas tshwm sim raws li cov tsos ntawm yellowish tint ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab sclera ntawm lub qhov muag. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov tsos mob no kuj yog yam ntxwv ntawm daim siab pathologies.
Ntau zaus, cov xim daj daj tshwm rau ntawm tus nplaig, uas tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb tias cov kua tsib pov rau hauv txoj hlab pas, thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd nws nkag mus rau hauv qhov ncauj. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob gallbladder yog ib qho tsis kaj siab iab saj hauv qhov ncauj.
Thaum muaj ntau yam pathologies ntawm biliary ib ntsuj av tshwm sim, discoloration ntawm quav thiab darkening ntawm cov zis yog pom. Tag nrho cov cim qhia no qhia tias muaj teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder, uas yog vim li cas, yog tias lawv tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob kom kuaj thiab kho.
Tus kws kho mob hu rau
Ntau tus neeg, thaum muaj mob, txaus siab rau tus kws kho mob hu rau thaum twgteeb meem nrog lub gallbladder rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib tus kws kho mob uas ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thawj zaug thiab ua keeb kwm. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau txais, nws coj tus neeg mob mus rau ib tus kws kho mob gastroenterologist los yog muab tshuaj xyuas ultrasound. Yog tias qhov kuaj pom thawj zaug tau lees paub, ces kev kho mob yog ua los ntawm kws kho mob plab.
Nws yog tus kws tshaj lij no uas tau sau ntau hom kev tshawb fawb ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog tus kws phais, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, tus kws kho mob oncologist. Tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum kho koj tus kheej, vim tias tsis paub qhov kev kuaj mob, koj tsuas tuaj yeem ua rau qhov xwm txheej hnyav dua thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem loj.
Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau sab laj thawj cov cim qhia ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob, vim tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov teeb meem, vim li ntawd, nws tseem yuav tsim nyog tshem tawm lub cev.
Diagnostics
Thaum thawj cov cim qhia txog teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder hauv tus menyuam lossis cov neeg laus tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab kuaj xyuas. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov tseeb, tsuas yog piav qhia txog cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm tsis txaus, vim qee qhov nws plam lossis tus neeg tsuas tuaj yeem tsis cuam tshuam qhov tseem ceeb rau nws kom txog thaum muaj kev tawm tsam.
Sab nraud ntawm tus kab mob exacerbation, kev kuaj ntshav thiab tshuaj biochemical tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li qub. Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam hnyav, qhov nce ntawm cov leukocytes tau pom. Hauv kev tshawb fawb biochemical, kwv yees li 1-2 hnub tom qabKev mob hnyav, tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov kua tsib acids, nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm bilirubin.
Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv tuaj yeem tau txais thaum lub sijhawm kuaj thiab ntsuas ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm biliary ib ntsuj av. Ultrasound diagnostics tso cai rau koj mus ntes pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub cev cuam tshuam, nrog rau cov pathologies uas ua rau lawv tsim.
Ntxiv rau, cov txheej txheem angiographic yog siv los ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov kua tsib. Duodenal sounding ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab seb cov kua tsib nkag mus rau hauv duodenum. Nrog rau cov kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws yog siv tsis tshua muaj.
Txoj kev kho mob
Rau cov teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder, kev kho mob yuav tsum ua kom tiav, thiab suav nrog kev siv tshuaj los ntawm kws kho mob, nrog rau kev noj haus. Txhua tus kab mob muaj nws tus kheej cov chav kawm tshwj xeeb thiab ntau txoj kev thiab txoj hauv kev siv los kho.
Nrog cholelithiasis, nruj ua raws li kev so hauv txaj, noj zaub mov, ua kom hnyav, thiab qee yam tshuaj tau qhia. Hauv particular, tus kws kho mob sau tshuaj tua kab mob, antispasmodics, hepatoprotectors, analgesics. Yog tias qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm tus mob hepatic colic rov qab ntau zaus, ces yuav tsum tau phais, uas yog, txiav tawm ntawm lub gallbladder.
Nyob rau hauv cholecystitis ntev, pw so rau 7-10 hnub yog qhia, tshuaj tua kab mob, enzyme npaj thiab tshuaj antispasmodics. Nrog dyskinesia, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm qhov teeb meem ntxhov siab. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum noj sedatives thiab antidepressants. Cov tshuaj kuj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm spasm ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub cev cuam tshuam, choleretic thiab tshuaj ntsuab. Nrog dyskinesia, physiotherapy yog qhia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog UHF, inductothermy.
Thaum mob cholangitis, tus kws kho mob feem ntau sau tshuaj tua kab mob, enzymes, antispasmodics, antipyretics, analgesics. Kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob neoplasm feem ntau yog nyob ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov txheej txheem qog. Yeej, ib qho kev txiav tawm ntawm lub cev yog ua, ib feem ntawm lub siab thiab cov qog ntshav nyob ze. Kev sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsum tau kho, uas yog, nws yuav tsum muab kev phais, kev kho hluav taws xob thiab tshuaj khomob.
Drug therapy
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm tus kab mob, qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev kho mob yog noj tshuaj. Cov tshuaj yog xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob, thiab nws nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov chav kawm, lub peev xwm ntawm ib tug neeg mus tsis tu ncua noj tshuaj. Hom tshuaj uas tau muab rau tus kab mob gallbladder:
- antispasmodics ("No-shpa", "Drotaverine", "Mebeverine");
- tshuaj choleretic ("Flamin", "Allochol", "Holosas");
- toning ("Cerebron", "Elkar");
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ("Diclofenac", "Nalgesin");
- hepatoprotectors ("Gepabene", "Karsil", "Essentiale", "Hofitol").
tshuaj kho mobKev npaj rau kev kho mob ntawm biliary pathologies yog qhov tsis xav tau, txij li lawv cov txiaj ntsig tau qis dua, txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm peptic rwj. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov mob, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov tshuaj antispasmodics.
Cov tshuaj Cholagogue yog siv yam tsis muaj exacerbation, txij li thaum lawv siv thaum lub sij hawm biliary colic tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob lub cev tsis zoo. Hepatoprotectors yuav tsum tau rau tag nrho cov pathologies ntawm lub gallbladder, raws li zoo raws li lub siab, kom tswj tau nws cov hauj lwm zoo. Lawv qaug cawv feem ntau hauv cov chav kawm thaum lub sij hawm tso cai. Tsis tas li ntawd yuav tsum yog cov tonics uas normalize lub zog ntawm lub cev cuam tshuam.
Surgery
Kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob - kev txiav tawm ntawm lub cev muaj kab mob. Feem ntau resorted mus rau hauv chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob gallstone. Kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tiav endoscopically lossis laparotomically. Kev siv cov txheej txheem endoscopic yog suav tias yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo dua.
Ntawm cov lus qhia rau laparotomy yog qhov ua tsis tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm endoscopic, nrog rau yog tias xav tias muaj teeb meem ntawm cholecystitis. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no muaj kev raug mob ntau dua thiab tsuas yog tau muab nruj me ntsis raws li cov lus qhia.
Kev cuam tshuam rau kev txiav txim siab rau tus kabmob kis tau ua raws li kev npaj lossis ceev. Ib qho qhia rau kev ua haujlwm kub ntxhov yog qhov mob hnyav ntawm tus kab mob gallstone, uas tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm nrog tshuaj. Thaum cev xeeb tub, kev cuam tshuam tsis yogua.
Tom qab ua haujlwm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj zaub mov nruj thiab noj tshuaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los tswj cov ntu nruab nrab ntawm cov pluas noj.
Dieting
Kev noj zaub mov rau cov teeb meem gallbladder tseem ceeb heev. Nws yog ntau yam yuam kev nyob rau hauv nws uas yuav ua rau ib tug exacerbation. Thaum lub sij hawm tshem tawm, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txwv tsis pub noj ntsim, haus luam yeeb thiab rog zaub mov. Cov dej tuaj yeem siv tau yam tsis muaj kev txwv.
Khoom noj rau cov teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder yuav tsum sib npaug thiab qee lub sijhawm ntawm cov pluas noj yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis. Koj yuav tsum noj me me, tab sis feem ntau. Lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm cov pluas noj yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 4 teev. Qhov no tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab kev phais. Kev haus dej cawv yuav tsum raug tshem tawm tag nrho.
Yog tias muaj teeb meem loj rau lub siab thiab lub gallbladder, kev noj haus yuav tsum nruj heev. Nws yog txwv tsis pub noj zaub mov kom txog thaum kev tawm tsam ntawm biliary colic raug tshem tawm. Cov kua kuj tsis pom zoo kom haus. Koj tsuas tuaj yeem moisten koj daim di ncauj ib ntus nrog dej sov lossis tshuaj yej unsweetened. Tom qab ua kom koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv los yog tshem tawm qhov mob, koj tuaj yeem noj ob peb tablespoons ntawm cov kua zaub ua tib zoo, haus cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis tshuaj yej tsis qab zib.
Kev noj haus rau cov teeb meem nrog lub gallbladder txhais tau hais tias tsis lees txais cov khoom qab zib, cov kaus poom, muffins thiab qhob cij tshiab. Nws raug pom zoo kom noj zaub tshiab los yog boiled feem ntau.
prophylaxis
Nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mobntawm lub gallbladder, ntau yam sib txawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, txhua qhov muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog ua los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub neej, txiav luam yeeb, haus cawv, txwv kev noj zaub mov ntsim thiab rog, thiab ua kom lub cev tsis zoo. Tag nrho cov no yuav pab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, txawm tias muaj cov kab mob anatomical hauv kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txhua yam kab mob uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau kho los ntawm kws kho mob, thiab kev kho mob pej xeem yog tso cai tom qab kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob ua ntej, thiaj li tsis ua mob rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Lub gallbladder ua haujlwm tseem ceeb heev thiab txhua yam kev mob hauv lub cev no cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov kab mob hauv plab zom mov, yog li yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab kho raws sijhawm.
