Tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab: ib daim ntawv teev npe thiab cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev poob siab

2024 Tus sau: Curtis Blomfield | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 21:10

tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab yog siv los ntawm kws kho mob los pab cov neeg mob hauv lub neej tseem ceeb. Nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej no, cov kws kho mob yuav siv tshuaj sib txawv. Hauv cov chaw kho mob thiab kub hnyiab, tsheb thauj neeg mob thiab Ministry of Emergency Situations yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev poob siab.

Txij li qhov xwm txheej tsis tau pom dua tuaj yeem tshwm sim, hmoov tsis zoo, tsis yog nyob rau ntawm cov kws kho mob nkaus xwb, txhua lub lag luam yuav tsum muaj cov khoom pab thawj zaug uas muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab. Peb yuav xav txog cov npe luv luv ntawm lawv hauv peb tsab xov xwm hauv qab no.

Yuav tsum muaj cov khoom pab thawj zaug rau kev poob siab anaphylactic

Raws li kev pom zoo los ntawm Ministry of He alth, cov khoom siv pabcuam thawj zaug uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab yuav tsum muaj tsis yog hauv txhua lub chaw kho hniav thiab phais, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv txhua lub lag luam. Nws yuav tsis mob kom muaj xws li cov khoom siv pab thawj zaug hauv tsev, thaum nws yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg kev paub txogYuav siv nws cov ntsiab lus li cas thiab thaum twg.

Hmoov tsis zoo, cov ntaub ntawv kho mob qhia tias cov neeg mob anaphylactic poob siab tau nce txhua xyoo. Qhov kev poob siab no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj ntawm ib tus neeg rau zaub mov, tshuaj, tiv tauj nrog cov khoom kom zoo nkauj, lossis kab tom. Nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees ua ntej qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev, thiab qhov teeb meem loj ntawm kev poob siab anaphylactic yog xob laim ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob.

Yog vim li no tus neeg lub neej yuav nyob ntawm seb muaj cov tshuaj no lossis cov tshuaj ntawd hauv cov khoom pab thawj zaug thiab nkag siab siv nws li cas.

Tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab

Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv tau pom zoo cov npe tshuaj uas yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv txhua qhov kev pabcuam thawj zaug los pab nrog qhov pib ntawm kev poob siab anaphylactic. Cov no suav nrog:

• "Adrenaline" (0.1%) hauv ampoules.
• "Dimedrol" hauv ampoules.
• Sodium chloride tov.
• "Eufillin" hauv ampoules.
• "Prednisolone" (hauv ampoules).
• Antihistamines.

Tom ntej no, peb yuav piav qhia luv luv tias txhua yam tshuaj ua haujlwm li cas.

Vim li cas koj thiaj li txhaj tshuaj Adrenaline?

Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem raug hu ua cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev poob siab. Yog hais tias peb xav txog nws siv nyob rau hauv anaphylactic shock, ces nws yog tsim nyog los to taub hais tias thaum muaj ib tug muaj zog tsis haum tshuaj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, kev tsuj tshwm sim.hypersensitivity ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv kab mob pib rhuav tshem tsis yog tsuas yog tus neeg sawv cev txawv teb chaws (allergen), tab sis kuj yog lub hlwb ntawm nws lub cev. Thiab thaum cov hlwb no pib tuag, tib neeg lub cev mus rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab. Tag nrho nws lub cev pib ua haujlwm hnyav, hom xwm txheej ceev kom muab cov kabmob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nrog oxygen.

Kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm "Adrenaline" (0.1%) tam sim ua rau cov hlab ntsha, vim tias cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov tshuaj histamine tsim los ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog txo qis. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev taw qhia ntawm "Adrenaline" tiv thaiv kev poob sai hauv cov ntshav siab, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev poob siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhaj tshuaj "Adrenaline" txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv thiab tiv thaiv nws qhov ua tau.

"Dimedrol" - kev kho tsis yog rau kev pw tsaug zog xwb

Cov neeg feem coob uas tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj yuam kev xav tias Diphenhydramine yog ib qho tshuaj hypnotic nkaus xwb. Cov tshuaj no yeej muaj cov nyhuv hypnotic, tab sis ntxiv rau qhov no, Diphenhydramine kuj yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab. Tom qab qhov kev taw qhia, nws dilates cov hlab ntsha, thaum relieving bronchospasm. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho antihistamine. Nws thaiv kev tsim cov tshuaj histamine thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus paj hlwb.

Vim li cas koj thiaj xav tau cov tshuaj sodium chloride hauv cov khoom tiv thaiv kev poob siab thawj zaug

Cov tshuaj no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob rau lub cev qhuav dej, vim tias tom qab kev tswj hwm cov hlab ntsha nws tuaj yeem kho cov haujlwm ntawm ntau lub tshuab.kab mob. "Sodium chloride" yog siv los ua tshuaj detoxifying. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog ntshav los ntshav, qhov kev daws teeb meem no tuaj yeem nce ntshav siab. Hauv cerebral edema, nws yog siv los ua osmotic diuretic.

"Eufillin" - kev pab ceev nrog bronchial spasm

Cov tshuaj no yog ib tug muaj zog bronchodilator. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab, nws yuav pab ua kom lub neej txhawb ntxiv mechanisms nyob rau hauv lub cev.

"Eufillin" muaj peev xwm nthuav dav lub bronchi thiab qhib cov capillaries cia, uas ruaj khov thiab ua kom ua pa hauv lub xeev poob siab.

"Prednisolone" yog qhov ze tshaj plaws analogue ntawm cov tshuaj hormones tsim los ntawm lub cev

"Prednisolone" yog ib qho tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv kev pab tus neeg mob hauv lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab. Los ntawm nws qhov kev ua, nws muaj peev xwm txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau lub plawv nres.

Cov tshuaj hormones no yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws analogue ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab, uas yog tus kheej zais los ntawm lub cev hauv lub neej tseem ceeb. Tom qab nws qhov kev taw qhia, qhov poob siab lub xeev ntawm lub cev txo qis hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab no tsis yog siv rau kev poob siab anaphylactic nkaus xwb. Cov kws kho mob kuj siv nws rau qhov kub hnyiab, cardiogenic, intoxication, traumatic thiab phais shocks.

Thaum twg yuav tsum siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab?

Lub xeev poob siab ntawm tib neeg lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuamtsis tsuas yog anaphylaxis vim muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj. Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev poob siab yog siv los pab thawj zaug thiab lwm qhov xwm txheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis muaj peev xwm xa tus neeg raug mob mus rau tsev kho mob sai thiab nws yuav tsum tau thauj mus ntev.

Cov xwm txheej hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev, ntxiv rau kev poob siab anaphylactic:

• pain shock;
• raug mob hnyav;
• kev poob siab;
• ntxhiab kab, nab thiab tsiaj txhu;
• tau mob siab;
• dub.

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov npe tshuaj hauv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev poob siab tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj hauv qab no:

1. "Ketanov" (cov tshuaj ntawm ketorolac tromethamine) - yog ib qho mob hnyav. Pab daws qhov mob hnyav los ntawm kev raug mob hnyav.
2. "Dexamethasone" yog cov tshuaj uas yog ib qho tshuaj hormone glucocorticoid. Nws muaj cov nyhuv tiv thaiv kev poob siab, thiab tseem muaj cov lus hais tawm los tiv thaiv kab mob.
3. "Cordiamin" - 25% daws ntawm nicotinic acid. Nws belongs rau pawg pharmacological ntawm kev ua pa stimulants. Nws kuj muaj cov nyhuv stimulating ntawm vasomotor chaw ntawm lub hlwb.

Raws li qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov kev thuam ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj no ua ke,thiab sib cais.

Tshuaj siv rau cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv kev saib xyuas hnyav

Nyob hauv tsev kho mob, txhawm rau pab tus neeg mob hauv qhov mob hnyav, ntxiv rau cov uas twb tau txiav txim siab los ntawm peb ua ntej lawm, lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kuj tseem siv - kev daws teeb meem rau kev tswj hwm:

1. "Polyglukin" yog cov tshuaj uas muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab. Nws yog siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob ua ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab rau qhov txhab, kub hnyiab, raug mob hnyav thiab poob ntshav. Tom qab kev tswj hwm txoj hlab ntshav, Polyglukin txhim kho thiab ua kom cov hlab ntsha tam sim no thiab rov ua kom tag nrho cov ntshav ncig hauv lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj normalizes ntshav siab thiab VD. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias nws qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kev poob siab yog tshwm sim thaum noj ua ke nrog cov ntshav hauv cov kaus poom.
2. "Hemovinil" yog cov tshuaj siv tshuaj uas siv rau kev qaug cawv hnyav, raug mob thiab kub hnyiab. Nws yog feem ntau siv los tshem tawm toxins los ntawm lub cev, raws li nws yog ib tug muaj zog adsorbent. Nws pab txo qis ascyst thiab tshem tawm o ntawm lub hlwb. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature yog hais tias tom qab kev taw qhia ntawm "Hemovinil" nce nyob rau hauv lub cev kub yog feem ntau pom.
3. "Polyvinol" - cov tshuaj uas tau txhaj rau hauv / hauv nrog cov ntshav hnyav, raug mob hnyav, kub hnyiab thiab ua haujlwm poob siab, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev poob qis hauv cov ntshav siab. Cov tshuaj ua kom ntshav siab sai sai, tswj cov qib ntshav plasma hauv lub cev thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, rov ua dua.nws ntim (uas yog, nws yog siv los ua cov ntshav hloov ntshav). Nrog rau tag nrho nws cov txiaj ntsig, cov tshuaj no tsis tsim nyog rau kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev poob siab uas muaj nrog kev raug mob ntawm lub cev thiab lub hlwb hemorrhages.
4. "Gelatinol" - 8% kev daws teeb meem ntawm hydrolyzed gelatin, uas yog txhaj rau hauv / nrog rau kev raug mob thiab kub hnyiab. Tshem tawm cov teeb meem thiab tshuaj lom ntawm lub cev, ua haujlwm detoxification.
5. "Droperidol" yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab protoshock. belongs rau pab pawg ntawm myotropic antispasmodics. Qhia tshuaj kho mob mob hnyav.
6. "Dexaven" - yog hais txog pawg kws tshuaj ntawm glucocorticoids. Nws yog siv rau intravenously nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm los yog postoperative shock. Nws kuj yog siv rau anaphylactic thiab traumatic shock thiab angioedema. Nws muaj cov lus tshaj tawm los tiv thaiv kev ua xua thiab muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob.