Kab mob ntawm txoj hlab pa yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm cov txiv neej niaj hnub no. Kab mob thiab kab mob, huab cua tsis zoo, kev haus luam yeeb, kev nplua nuj ntawm txhua yam khoom qab zib maj mam cuam tshuam cov haujlwm tseem ceeb. Qhov no ua rau muaj mob hnyav lossis mob ntev, ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua tsis taus pa thiab ua rau lub cev tsis zoo.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Bronchial obstruction syndrome yog cov txheej txheem pathological uas muaj qhov nqaim ntawm lumen ntawm bronchi, lawv qhov mob thiab tso tawm ntau cov hnoos qeev..
Tus mob no tsis muaj nyob hauv ib yam kab mob. Qhov no yog ib qho tsos mob uas qhia tau hais tias muaj qee yam teeb meem tshwm sim hauv tib neeg lub cev, thiab tsis tas yuav los ntawm txoj kev ua pa.
Kev phom sij txaus ntshai tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua lub hnub nyoog, tab sis hnyav tshaj plaws rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus.
Feem ntau, kev kuaj mob ntawm obstructive tsis yooj yim, tab sis qhov ua rau tsis yooj yim los txheeb xyuas.
Pathology nyhav heev. Nrog tsis muaj sijhawmkev pab yuav ua rau tuag vim tuag taus. Ntev mus ntev yog fraught nrog kev loj hlob ntawm pathologies los ntawm cov hlab plawv system.
Vim li cas thiaj muaj kev txhaum?
Yam uas ua rau mob ntawm lub bronchial mucosa muaj xws li:
- kev ua xua;
- nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob;
- ib puag ncig phem;
- hluav taws xob;
- ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam phom sij;
- tus cwj pwm phem;
- huab cua tsis txaus.
Muaj ntau yam kab mob nrog rau kev tsis txaus siab ntawm kev ua pa luv. Feem ntau suav nrog:
- ntau yam kab mob ntsws (mob, mob ntev, obstructive);
- mob plab ntawm lub plab mucosa;
- pneumonia ntawm ib qho etiology;
- congenital respiratory defects;
- muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab (cov qog, hlwv);
- tuberculosis;
- cystic fibrosis;
- pulmonary emphysema;
- bronchial dysplasia;
- AIDS;
- pathology ntawm lub plawv plawv;
- herniated qaum;
- kev puas tsuaj rau lub paj hlwb;
- mob hlwb;
- kis kab mob kis tau;
- xav.
Txhua yam txuas nrog hauv lub cev, thiab kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib lub cev yuav ua rau muaj kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem thib ob, yog li txhua yam kab mob yuav tsum tau kho yam tsis muaj teeb meem.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub cov cim kev phom sij?
SymptomsSyndrome ntawm bronchial obstruction ncaj qha nyob ntawm daim ntawv uas nws mus. Nws tuaj yeem yog:
- Easy.
- Average.
- Hav.
Cov cim Classic suav nrog:
- Tshuaj ua tsis taus pa.
- Heaviness when exhaling and inhaling.
- Ua tsis taus pa.
- Blue nasolabial daim duab peb sab.
- lub hauv siab nthuav dav.
- Distended neck veins.
- Poob tsis nco qab.
Cov neeg mob no xav tau kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev kom tsis txhob tuag.
Hauv qhov mob me me, tus neeg mob yuav tsis paub txog qhov muaj kev hloov pauv txaus ntshai hauv cov qauv ntawm tsob ntoo bronchial. Feem ntau, kab mob tau kuaj pom los ntawm lub sijhawm, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm fluorography lossis X-rays (nyob rau hauv muaj cov kab mob ua pa hnyav lossis xav tias mob ntsws).
Cov neeg uas muaj cov txheeb ze raug mob bronchospasm yuav tsum paub coj tus cwj pwm li cas thaum pib tshwm sim tom ntej.
Kev mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Bronchial obstruction syndrome tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam mos los yog menyuam yaus ntawm pawg hnub nyoog laus. Cov mob pathological yog nrog los ntawm:
- hnoos;
- ua tsis taus pa;
- xwb, feem ntau ntawm exhalation.
ntau tshaj:
- ua ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv rau ib qho tsis haum (khoom noj los yog nqus tau);
- nrog cov kab mob ua pa hnyav, SARS lossis mob khaub thuas.
Congenital malformations ntawm bronchopulmonary system tsis tshua muaj.
Yog tias tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo li no, tom qab ntawd ntawm theem pibspasms ntawm kev ua pa system tau zoo kho. Cov ntaub ntawv khiav ua rau qhov hloov pauv tsis tau ntawm tsob ntoo bronchial, thiab cov kab mob ua rau mob ntev.
Thaum tus menyuam loj hlob tuaj, lawv tshwm:
- ua pa tsis taus;
- cyanosis ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- dub voj voog hauv qab ob lub qhov muag;
- pob txha veins.
Cov xwm txheej zoo li no txaus ntshai heev. Yog tsis muab kev pab raws sij hawm, tus me nyuam yuav ua tsis taus pa.
Bronchospasm thaum cev xeeb tub
Nyob hauv qee cov poj niam thaum yug me nyuam, bronchial obstruction syndrome raug kuaj pom thawj zaug. Qhov no yog vim muaj ntau yam kev hloov hauv lub cev. Cov keeb kwm hormonal hloov pauv, kev tiv thaiv yog poob.
Cov no yog cov xwm txheej zoo rau kev nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau lub cev ua pa ntev, thiab ua rau muaj kab mob obstructive.
Qhov teeb meem yog sib xyaw los ntawm qhov nqaim ntawm cov tshuaj tso cai thaum cev xeeb tub. Cov lus nug ntawm kev kho mob ntawm bronchial obstruction syndrome nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog txiav txim ib tug zuj zus. Txhais tau tias txwv tsis pub leej niam leej txiv tuaj yeem sau tau yog tias muaj kev hem thawj rau tus poj niam lub neej.
Yog tias koj nquag ua xua, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav raug muab tshuaj, vim qhov no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho bronchospasm.
Cov neeg uas yav dhau los tau ntsib kev cuam tshuam ntawm bronchial tuaj yeem pom qhov nce lossis txo qhov zaus ntawm kev tawm tsam lossis lawv ploj tag.
txwv tsis pubtus kheej xaiv cov tshuaj. Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam rau niam lossis menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Diagnosis
Thaum cov tsos mob ntxhov siab tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Cov kab mob hauv qab no raug kho:
- Pulmonologists.
- Txhob ua xua.
Kev kuaj pom tseeb yuav tsis nyuaj. Thaum thawj zaug mus ntsib, tus kws tshaj lij:
- sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog;
- yuav tshuaj xyuas;
- yuav muab kev taw qhia rau kev tshawb fawb tsim nyog.
Kev thaiv tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm X-ray. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab nws qhov laj thawj, yuav tsum tau kuaj hauv qab no:
- kuaj ntshav dav dav thiab biochemical;
- sputum culture;
- tshuaj ntsuam tsis haum;
- scraping rau helminths lossis PCR diagnostics.
Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, daim ntawv yuav raug ntxiv nrog rau lwm txoj hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Kev pab ib zaug
Feem ntau qhov mob hawb pob tshwm sim thaum hmo ntuj. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim thawj zaug, nco ntsoov hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob.
Ua ntej cov kws kho mob tuaj txog, koj yuav tsum:
- Sim tshem tawm cov allergen uas provoked tus mob pathological. Nws tuaj yeem yog tshuaj, plua plav, paj ntoos, tsiaj plaub hau.
- Yaug tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj, qhov ntswg kom tshem tawm qee qhov kev khaus ntawm cov mucous.
- Muab tus neeg pw saum txaj (tsis txhob pw). Tso lub hauv siab ntawm cov khaub ncaws nruj.
- Qhib qhov rai kom huab cua ntshiab.
- Yog xeevyog sai heev, thiab tseem tsis tau muaj kws kho mob, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv tej bronchodilator, piv txwv li, ib tug tau ntawm Ventolin.
Tsis pub muaj zog:
- rubbing tus neeg mob nrog balms, zib ntab, vinegar;
- tshuaj noj tus kheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshuaj tiv thaiv;
- tso tus neeg mob nyob rau hauv txoj kab rov tav.
Thaum thawj zaug tawm tsam, tus neeg yuav raug pom zoo mus pw hauv tsev kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws yog menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis kam lees, vim tias tom qab tau txais kev pab tsim nyog, qhov kev tawm tsam feem ntau rov tshwm sim.
Yog hais tias bronchospasm tau tshwm sim ua ntej, ces tus neeg mob cov txheeb ze yuav tsum ib txwm muaj ntawm tes ib qho aerosol nrog salbutamol lossis lwm yam tshuaj uas kws kho mob tau sau tseg.
Thaum kho ua pa ua pa, koj tsis tas yuav hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob, tab sis koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob yav tom ntej. Yog tias cov tshuaj tsis pab, ces tseem yuav muaj kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev.
kev kho mob
Cov tsos mob ntawm bronchospasm hauv cov neeg laus yuav tsum tau kho sai li sai tau.
Lub hauv paus ntawm kev kho kom zoo yog kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Rau qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv:
- tshuaj tua kab mob;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- antacids;
- tranquilizers;
- neuroleptics;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Kev tshem tawm ncaj qha ntawm bronchospasm yog ua tiav:
- "Ventolin";
- "Berodual";
- "Teopak";
- "Eufillin".
txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua pa, kho ntxiv:
- mucolytic agents ("Ambroxol", "Acetylcysteine");
- glucocorticoids ("Prednisolone", "Pulmicort").
Cov koob tshuaj raug xaiv tus kheej, suav nrog lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv thiab hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob.
Txhua salbutamol aerosol yog suav tias yog tshuaj kho zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tso tseg kev tawm tsam hauv tsev.
Surgery
Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, lawv siv rau kev phais mob. Xws li kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua rau bronchospasms tshwm sim los ntawm txhua yam teeb meem xws li:
- mob qog noj ntshav thiab malignant;
- spikes;
- congenital defects ntawm bronchi thiab ntsws.
Kev ua haujlwm yog ua los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev:
- Tshem tawm neoplasm.
- Txiav lub ntsws los yog ib feem ntawm nws.
- kev hloov pauv lub cev.
Yog tias tus mob bronchospastic ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, ces tus kws kho mob oncologist koom nrog kev kho mob, leej twg yuav tswj cov txheej txheem thiab xaiv cov txheej txheem ntxiv.
Physiotherapy
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tshem tau phlegm hauv lub bronchi? Lo lus nug no txhawj xeeb ntau tus neeg mob. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob nyiam ib txoj hauv kev los kho qhov teeb meem no thiab sau ntawv rau cov neeg mob:
- UHF;
- dej;
- ua tsaug;
- nqus pa;
- rehydration.
Lawv qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog qhov yuav luag tiav ntawm qhov tsis muaj contraindications. Xws li kev kho lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau cov menyuam yaus, cev xeeb tub thiab lactating poj niam.
Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm txoj hlab ntsws yuav khoom siv niaj hnub rau kev nqus pa - lub tshuab nqus tsev. Nws ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev faib cov tshuaj mus rau hauv cov khoom me me uas siv lub compressor built-in. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, cov tshuaj tau nkag mus rau qhov chaw nkag tsis tau tshaj plaws ntawm lub bronchus.
Hauv cov khw muag tshuaj koj tuaj yeem yuav cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov cuab yeej no raws li salbutamol, ambroxol, fenoterol.
Kev nqus dej tsis tu ncua nrog dej ntsev lossis dej ntxhia "Borjomi" muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev ua pa.
YGymnastics
Qhov tawm ntawm cov hnoos qeev tuaj yeem txhim kho nrog kev tawm dag zog tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau siv Strelnikov ce:
- Nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sawv ntsug, me ntsis qaij lub cev rau pem hauv ntej, ua pa tob tob hauv qhov ntswg, tom qab ntawd tsa lub cev thiab ua pa tawm ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Tom qab 8 teev, lawv sim ntxuav lawv caj pas.
- Nyob rau hauv tib txoj hauj lwm, txhais caj npab yog khoov ntawm lub luj tshib. Thaum nqus tau, lawv hla, thaum exhaling lawv rov qab mus rau lawv qhov qub.
Ua pa gymnastics tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig, nws muaj qhov ua pa tob hauv qhov ntswg thiab exhalations nrog kev hloov hauv lub cev.
Piv txwv li, pw saum txaj tig rau ntawm ib sab. Lawv ua ob peb txoj hauv kev, tshem lawv caj pas. Rov ua dua rau lwm sab, plab, nraub qaum.
Txhua yam kev ua lub cev tso cai rau koj kom tshem tawm phlegm zoo dua.
Tus menyuam muaj peev xwm ua si. Nws pw saum txaj los yog rooj zaum kom nws lub cev daig me ntsis, ces nws thiaj hais kom nws hu nkauj zoo siab. Cov niam txiv tam sim no ua lub teeb kais dej ntawm tus menyuam tom qab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev vibrations tshwm sim uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kua nplaum los ntawm lub lumen ntawm bronchi.
Txhua lub gymnastics los txhim kho cov hnoos qeev tawm yog pom zoo kom ua tsis pub dhau 5 feeb. Cov tib neeg uas niaj hnub raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob ua pa yog qhia ib qho kev tawm dag zog txhua hnub.
Cov kws kho mob tau ua pov thawj tias koj yuav tsum ua pa hauv koj lub qhov ntswg tas li. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog pab tshem tawm stagnation, tab sis kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev tag nrho.
Lwm Txoj Kev
Ua ntej koj tshem cov phlegm hauv lub bronchi, koj yuav tsum paub qhov ua rau ntawm qhov teeb meem, tab sis ntau tus neeg feem ntau tsis quav ntsej cov lus qhia no, txuas ntxiv sim lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Cov tshuaj siv ntau tshaj plaws raws li kev sau cov tshuaj expectorant thiab zib ntab, uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj muaj zog tshaj plaws.
Nrog bronchospasm, xws li kev kho mob yog txwv tsis pub, vim hais tias nws feem ntau tsuas ua rau tus mob.
Tib neeg feem ntau xav txog kev kho mob "zoo li nyiam" panacea rau txhua yam kab mob.
Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tshuaj classical tawm tsam kev kho mob homeopathic, vim lawv xav tias nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, uas tau raug lees paub thaum ntxov 2017.
Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm "khawv koobpeas" tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li cov placebo. Qee cov kab mob tau kho los ntawm lawv tiag tiag, raws li tus kheej-hypnosis. Cov no suav nrog ntau yam kev nyuaj siab, neuroses, hypochondria.
Thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam, muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej, yog li kev siv tshuaj homeopathy yog qhov tsis lees txais.
Kev kho mob ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm bronchospasm hauv cov neeg laus yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tam sim ntawd, thiab kev siv cov tshuaj no ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kab mob hauv qab mus rau hauv daim ntawv mob ntev, deterioration lossis txawm tuag.
Txhua xyoo, bronchospastic syndrome tau kuaj pom ntau thiab ntau zaus thiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua tus. Txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo no, koj yuav tsum:
- txiav luam yeeb;
- tsis txhob siv cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob;
- yog tias ua tau tsiv mus nyob ze hiav txwv;
- tsis lees paub ntau yam tshuaj tsw qab hauv tsev;
- saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ua xua, mus kuaj thiab txheeb xyuas cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig;
- ntxiv dag zog rau koj txoj kev tiv thaiv (tsiv ntau dua, npau taws, kho koj cov zaub mov);
- zam kev ntxhov siab, pw tsaug zog zoo;
- yog tias muaj lus tsis txaus siab, nrog kws kho mob, zam cov txheej txheem ntev;
- ua pa ua pa txhua hnub.
Tsis txhob noj bronchial obstruction syndrome maj mam. Qhov no yog cov tsos mob txaus ntshai heev uas tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg lub neej nyob hauv ob peb feeb. Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab raug mobkev soj ntsuam. Thaum mob hnyav, hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob. Nyob rau theem pib, feem ntau cov kev cuam tshuam tau kho tau zoo. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ncua qhov teeb meem mus txog tom qab.
