Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus: cov tsos mob, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
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Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia yog ib yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob musculoskeletal thiab cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev. Nws tshwm sim nrog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Cov kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob no yog nrog los ntawm cov tsos mob uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam kab mob, uas, thaum ua ib tug kuaj mob, ua rau yuam kev txawm tias cov kws kho mob.

Kev kho cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia yuav tsum pib sai li sai tau tom qab kuaj pom cov kab mob. Nov yog tib txoj hauv kev kom tsis txhob muaj kev xiam oob khab thiab ua lub neej tag nrho, uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau rau txhua tus neeg mob thib kaum uas muaj tus kab mob siab heev.

Yuav ua li cas ua rau mob ntshav qab zib

Thaum ntsib qhov kev kuaj mob thawj zaug, cov neeg mob feem ntau tsis nkag siab tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. Qhov tseeb, cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej nrog ntau yam tsos mob thiab provoked los ntawm ntau yam ua rau. Feem ntauFeem ntau, tus kab mob kis tau los ntawm cov neeg txheeb ze nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj ascending kab, tshwm sim vim tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntuj txheej txheem ntawm collagen synthesis. Nrog dysplasia, yuav luag tag nrho cov kabmob thiab cov kab mob musculoskeletal raug cuam tshuam.

connective ntaub so ntswg dysplasia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam
connective ntaub so ntswg dysplasia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam

Kev cuam tshuam hauv kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg inevitably ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntau. Ua ntej, cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal - cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg yog sawv cev nyob rau hauv feem ntau dav. Raws li koj paub, nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom no muaj fibers, hlwb thiab intercellular tshuaj, nws ceev nyob ntawm seb lawv piv. Thoob plaws hauv lub cev, cov ntaub so ntswg yog xoob, tawv thiab elastic. Nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm daim tawv nqaij, pob txha, pob txha mos, thiab cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa, lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb belongs rau collagen fibers, uas predominate nyob rau hauv lub connective cov ntaub so ntswg thiab tswj nws cov duab. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm elastin tsis tuaj yeem raug saib xyuas - cov khoom no muab cov leeg nqaij thiab so.

Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia txhim kho vim kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob lub luag haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem ntuj tsim. Kev hloov kho tuaj yeem muaj ntau haiv neeg, cuam tshuam rau txhua qhov txuas ntawm DNA saw. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov qauv kev sib txuas, uas feem ntau muaj elastin thiab collagen, tsim tsis raug, thiab cov qauv tsim nrog kev ua txhaum cai tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus txawm tias qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv, ncab thiab tsis muaj zog.

Differentiated ntau yam kab mob

Pathology cuam tshuamCov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov khoom nruab nrog cev, cov pob qij txha thiab cov pob txha, yog conditionally muab faib ua txawv thiab undifferentiated cov ntaub ntawv ntawm dysplasia. Hauv thawj kis, tus kab mob yog implied, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv tsos mob thiab tshwm sim los ntawm kev kawm zoo noob los yog biochemical tsis xws luag. Cov kws kho mob tau xaiv cov kab mob ntawm hom no nrog lub ntsiab lus "collagenopathy". Pawg no suav nrog cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

  • Marfan syndrome. Cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob no feem ntau yog siab, muaj caj npab thiab txhais ceg ntev, thiab tus txha nraub qaum. Kev ua txhaum cai kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag, mus txog rau lub retinal detachment thiab lens subluxation. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia provokes kev loj hlob ntawm lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm mitral valve prolapse.
  • Flaccid tawv nqaij syndrome. Tus kab mob no tsis tshua muaj ntau dua li yav dhau los. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm cov epidermis. Hauv hom collagenopathy no, nws yog elastin fibers uas cuam tshuam. Pathology feem ntau yog los ntawm noob neej.
  • Eilers Syndrome - Danlo. Ib tug complex genetic kab mob, manifested los ntawm hnyav sib koom laxity. Xws li cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia hauv cov neeg laus ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tsim cov caws pliav atrophic.
  • Osteogenesis imperfecta. Qhov no yog tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm caj ces pathologies uas tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov pob txha tsis zoo. Vim vim muaj kev cuam tshuam dysplasia, uas inevitably coj mus rau cov ceg tawv, txha nraub qaum, thiab thaum yau - musqeeb txoj kev loj hlob, curvature ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv, cov yam ntxwv disabling deformities. Feem ntau, nrog kev puas tsuaj rau cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg, tus neeg mob muaj teeb meem hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb, hlab plawv, excretory thiab ua pa systems.

daim ntawv tsis txawv

txhawm rau kuaj xyuas hom dysplasia no, nws yog qhov txaus uas tsis muaj tus neeg mob cov tsos mob thiab kev tsis txaus siab cuam tshuam txog qhov sib txawv ntawm collagenopathies. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia ntawm hom no tshwm sim hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob. Ntxiv rau cov menyuam mos, cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog qis dua 35 xyoos muaj kev pheej hmoo kis tus kabmob.

Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia
Cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia

Yuav ua li cas hloov hauv lub cev

Koj tuaj yeem xav tias cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia los ntawm ntau cov cim qhia. Cov neeg mob nrog qhov kev kuaj mob no pom tau tias muaj kev sib koom ua ke thiab cov tawv nqaij elasticity - qhov no yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob, uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm txhua hom collagenopathy thiab daim ntawv tsis sib xws ntawm tus kab mob. Ntxiv nrog rau cov kev tshwm sim no, daim duab kho mob tuaj yeem ntxiv los ntawm lwm yam kev mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas:

  • skeletal deformities;
  • malocclusion;
  • paj taw;
  • vascular network.

Cov tsos mob tsis tshua muaj xws li qhov txawv txav ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov auricles, cov hniav nkig, thiab tsim hernia. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev mob hnyav ntawm tus kab mob, kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Dysplasia ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub plawv, cov kab mob ua pa thiab plab kab noj hniav feem ntau yog ua ntej los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm autonomic dystonia. Feem ntauKev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub paj hlwb autonomic yog pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia dhau los maj mam nthuav tawm. Thaum yug los, cov me nyuam yuav tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv phenotypic kiag li. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no feem ntau siv rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia. Nrog lub hnub nyoog, tus kab mob ua kom muaj zog dua, thiab tus nqi ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw nyob, kev noj zaub mov zoo, mob ntev, kev ntxhov siab, thiab qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Symptoms

Dysplastic hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas ntawm lub cev tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb sab nraud. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, kev kho mob tshwm sim zoo ib yam li cov tsos mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob uas tau ntsib nyob rau hauv pediatrics, gastroenterology, orthopedics, ophthalmology, rheumatology, pulmonology. Pom tau, tus neeg muaj dysplasia yuav zoo li noj qab nyob zoo, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, nws qhov tsos txawv ntawm ntau yam tshwj xeeb. Raws li txoj cai, cov neeg muaj tus kab mob no tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: thawj yog siab, puag ncig-lub xub pwg nyom, nyias nrog lub xub pwg hniav thiab caj dab, thiab qhov thib ob yog qaug zog, tsis muaj zog, me me hauv stature.

connective ntaub so ntswg dysplasia nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus
connective ntaub so ntswg dysplasia nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus

Ntawm cov lus tsis txaus siab uas cov neeg mob piav qhia rau tus kws kho mob, nws tsim nyog sau cia:

  • kev qaug zog thiab tsis xis nyob;
  • plab thiab mob taub hau;
  • bloating, cem quav, raws plab;
  • nce ntshav siab;
  • nquag rov qab los ntawm tus kab mob ua pa ntev;
  • muscularhypotension;
  • poob qab los thiab poob phaus;
  • ua pa luv nrog kev tawm dag zog me ntsis.

Lwm cov tsos mob kuj ua pov thawj rau cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia. Cov neeg laus muaj lub cev feem ntau asthenic, nrog rau cov kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus txha nraub qaum (scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis), deformity ntawm lub hauv siab lossis qis qis (valgus ko taw). Feem ntau, cov neeg uas muaj dysplasia pom qhov loj me ntawm ko taw lossis txhais tes ntawm qhov siab. Kev sib koom ua ke hypermobility kuj yog ib qho cim ntawm pathologically tsim cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dysplasia feem ntau ua rau lawv "tsim" rau lawv cov phooj ywg: lawv khoov lawv cov ntiv tes 90 °, tshem tawm lub luj tshib lossis hauv caug sib koom tes, tsis mob rub daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub hauv pliaj, nraub qaum thiab lwm qhov chaw.

Yuav Muaj Teeb Meem

Tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho lub cev thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg. Hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dysplasia, kev loj hlob ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv thiab sab qis feem ntau qeeb, kev cuam tshuam tshwm sim hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag (myopia, retinal angiopathy tsim). Ntawm ib feem ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov teeb meem tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm varicose leeg, nce fragility thiab permeability ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha.

connective ntaub so ntswg dysplasia ntawm lub plawv
connective ntaub so ntswg dysplasia ntawm lub plawv

Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob

Cov kws tshaj lij muaj peev xwm paub txog cov kab mob sib txuas ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia tom qab thawj zaug kuaj ntawm tus neeg mob. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau ua qhov kev kuaj mob raug cai, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav xa tus neeg mob mus rau kev kawm ntau yam. Tom qab ntawd, coj los ntawm cov lus xauscov kws tshaj lij thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev sim tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob yuav muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus kab mob thiab sau tshuaj kho.

Ntau cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim kho qhov tseeb. Ntxiv nrog rau kev kuaj sim, tus neeg mob yuav tau txais:

  • ultrasound;
  • MRI;
  • CT;
  • electromyography;
  • radioography.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm dysplasia tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev, vim nws xav tau tus cwj pwm mob hnyav thiab kev sib koom ua ke. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus neeg mob raug xa mus kuaj caj ces rau kev hloov pauv hauv cov noob caj noob ces. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob siv cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam thiab cov caj ces (kev kuaj mob ntawm tus neeg mob hauv tsev neeg, keeb kwm noj). Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob feem ntau pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas tag nrho cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov kev puas tsuaj rau tus kab mob. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm lub cev, ntu ntu thiab ceg ceg, ntsuas qhov txav ntawm cov pob qij txha, qhov extensibility ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Nuances of therapy

Kev kho cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus yog tsim los ntawm tib txoj cai. Cov kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no siv ntau txoj hauv kev los tawm tsam qhov kev loj hlob ntawm dysplasia syndrome, tab sis feem ntau lawv tag nrho los rau cov tshuaj neutralization ntawm cov tsos mob lossis lawv tshem tawm los ntawm kev phais. Undifferentiated connective cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia yog xyaum untreatable vim nws multisymptomatic manifestation thiab tsis muaj cov qauv meej rau kev kuaj mob.

dysplasiaCov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob sib txuas
dysplasiaCov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob sib txuas

Cov tshuaj muaj xws li kev npaj muaj magnesium - qhov microelement no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm collagen synthesis. Ntxiv nrog rau cov vitamin thiab ntxhia complexes, tus neeg mob tau muab tshuaj kho cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev (cardiotrophic, antiarrhythmic, vegetotropic, nootropic, vasoactive tshuaj, beta-blockers).

Tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob xws li collagenopathy yog kev txhawb zog, tswj cov leeg nqaij thiab pob txha, thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem tsis zoo. Ua tsaug rau kev kho mob nyuaj, tus neeg mob muaj txhua txoj hauv kev los kho cov haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab txhim kho lub neej zoo.

Hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas dysplasia feem ntau yog kho kom zoo. Los ntawm kev noj cov vitamins B thiab C tsis tu ncua, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom lub synthesis ntawm collagen, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus cuag regression ntawm tus kab mob. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo tias cov menyuam yaus raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob no haus cov tshuaj magnesium- thiab tooj liab, cov tshuaj uas ua kom cov metabolism hauv cov metabolism, nce qib ntawm cov amino acids tseem ceeb.

Kev kho mob phais thiab kho dua tshiab

Raws li kev phais mob, nws tau txiav txim siab hloov mus rau txoj kev kho mob radical no nrog cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm dysplasia uas hem lub neej ntawm tus neeg mob: prolapse ntawm lub plawv li qub ntawm qib thib ob thiab qib thib peb, deformity ntawm tus neeg mob. hauv siab, intervertebral hernia.

Rau cov neeg mob rov qab los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia, nws raug pom zooSiv cov kev kho mob zaws ntawm lub nraub qaum, caj dab thiab lub xub pwg thiab caj dab.

Kev kho cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia hauv cov laus
Kev kho cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia hauv cov laus

Thaum tus menyuam raug kuaj pom tias muaj lub tiaj-valgus installation, provoked los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob orthopedist. Tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv rau kev hnav cov kev txhawb nqa arch, gymnastics txhua hnub rau ko taw, da dej nrog hiav txwv ntsev thiab zaws ntawm caj dab.

Yog tias tus menyuam yws yws ntawm qhov mob hauv pob qij txha, nws yuav tsum xaiv khau nrog qhov tseeb orthopedic ib leeg rau nws. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, khau yuav tsum nruj nreem kho qhov chaw ntawm pob taws, ntiv taw thiab pob taws sib koom ua ke. Hauv txhua tus qauv orthopedic, pob taws yog ua kom siab thiab elastic, thiab pob taws tsis ntau tshaj 1-1.5 cm.

Cov Lus Qhia thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv

Nrog rau cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub: cov neeg laus yuav tsum faib tsawg kawg 7-8 teev rau ib hmo pw, thiab 10-12 teev ntawm kev pw tsaug zog zoo qhia rau menyuam yaus. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov, cov menyuam mos yuav tsum tau so thaum nruab hnub.

Thaum sawv ntxov, nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov kev tawm dag zog theem pib - nws cov txiaj ntsig nyuaj rau overestimate nyob rau hauv cov kab mob no. Yog tias tsis muaj kev txwv rau kev ua kis las, lawv yuav tsum tau xyaum ua lub neej. Txawm li cas los xij, kev cob qhia kev tshaj lij yog contraindicated rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus thiab dysplasia. Nrog hypermobility ntawm cov pob qij txha, degenerative-dystrophic hloov nyob rau hauv pob txha mos cov ntaub so ntswg, ligaments loj hlob sai heev vim nquag raug mob, microscopic hemorrhages. Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau rov tshwm sim aseptic o thiab tso tawm cov txheej txheem degenerative.

undifferentiated connective cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia
undifferentiated connective cov ntaub so ntswg dysplasia

Ua luam dej, caij ski, caij tsheb kauj vab, ntaus pob tesniv ua tau zoo heev. Calm dosed taug kev thaum taug kev yog pab tau. Kev kawm lub cev txhua hnub thiab kev ua kis las uas tsis yog kev tshaj lij ua rau lub cev muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo thiab hloov tau.

Pom zoo: