Pathogenesis ntawm rickets: cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, ua rau tus kab mob, kev faib tawm, kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv

Cov txheej txheem:

Pathogenesis ntawm rickets: cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, ua rau tus kab mob, kev faib tawm, kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv
Pathogenesis ntawm rickets: cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, ua rau tus kab mob, kev faib tawm, kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv

Video: Pathogenesis ntawm rickets: cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, ua rau tus kab mob, kev faib tawm, kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv

Video: Pathogenesis ntawm rickets: cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, ua rau tus kab mob, kev faib tawm, kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv
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Txawm yuav tu siab npaum li cas los xij, tiam sis nyob ntiaj teb niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam kab mob me nyuam yaus sib txawv. Rickets yog ib yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam nrog kev qeeb thiab cuam tshuam ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Nws cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntawm tus me nyuam, vim nws yog qhov nyuaj heev uas nws tau txais kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm theem qis. Lub pathogenesis ntawm rickets nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam (cov ntaub ntawv luv luv ntawm tus kab mob no yuav tham tom qab) yog vim muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub cev, vim tias cov pob txha thiab cov leeg nqaij tsis tau txais cov vitamins txaus, kab kawm thiab cov khoom noj, uas. ho slows down thiab kiag li nres lawv tsim thiab kev loj hlob. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej tsis yog nyob rau hauv lub cev musculoskeletal, pom kev sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev thiab hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb. Feem ntau, rickets tshwm sim nyob rau thaum yau, thiab cov tsos mob, raws li txoj cai, ua rau lawv tus kheej hnov nyob rau hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm lub neej.

Vim li cas thiaj tsim tau tus kab mob

kev loj hlob ntawm rickets
kev loj hlob ntawm rickets

Rickets (pathogenesis yuav tau piav qhia luv luv hauv cov ntawv nyeem) txhim kho hauv cov menyuam yaus vim tias tsis txaus rau cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet, uas ua rau muaj cov vitamin D hauv lub cev. nqus calcium uas tau txais hauv cov khoom noj los ntawm ntau yam khoom noj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias vim li cas qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis tsis yog tib qho xwb. Qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej rau cov tsos ntawm rickets yog qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamins A, B thiab E, nrog rau ascorbic acid - ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov pob txha.

Cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob rickets (qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem muaj ntau haiv neeg) kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog qhov tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus xws li:

  • calcium;
  • hlau;
  • magnesium;
  • tooj;
  • cob alt;
  • zinc thiab ntau lwm tus.

Yog li, nws tuaj yeem suav tau tias cov pob txha tsim teeb meem tshwm sim vim qhov tsis muaj cov as-ham tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev.

Kev mob siab rau tus kab mob thiab pab pawg tseem ceeb

vim li cas rickets tsim
vim li cas rickets tsim

Cia peb saib kom ze rau qhov no. Lub pathogenesis ntawm rickets yog txuam tsis tau tsuas yog nrog ib tug tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamins thiab minerals. Ntau yam cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob. Kev pheej hmoo yog cov menyuam yaus uas tau txais khoom noj tsis txaus thiab tsis zoo.

Predisposition rau rickets kuj tau piav qhia los ntawm cov laj thawj hauv qab no:

  • thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej, cov menyuam yaus loj hlobLub cev pob txha, yog li lawv xav tau ntau cov vitamin D;
  • xeeb tub;
  • ntau yam kab mob nyob hauv niam;
  • pub mis nyuj thiab mis mos;
  • kab mob sib kis;
  • pab plab hnyuv nqus;
  • tsis tshua muaj taug kev sab nraum zoov;
  • mob me nyuam mos;
  • siv sijhawm ntev ntawm ntau yam tshuaj.

Rickets hauv cov menyuam yaus (etiology, pathogenesis tau tham ua ntej) feem ntau tshwm sim yog tias cov menyuam mos yug ua ntej hnub xav tau. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv lawv lub cev muaj ib tug me me mov ntawm cov vitamins thiab cov as-ham, cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg yog tsis txaus compacted, kev tiv thaiv kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub cev yog tsawg, thiab lub digestive system yog tsis zoo tsim, vim hais tias ntawm uas. Nws tsis tuaj yeem nqus cov as-ham ib txwm.

Mechanism ntawm keeb kwm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob

Kev kuaj mob ntawm rickets
Kev kuaj mob ntawm rickets

Nws zoo li cas? Lub pathogenesis ntawm rickets nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog ib tug complex txheej txheem uas muaj ntau yam nta. Yog hais tias lub cev xeeb tub thiab yug me nyuam tshwm sim tsis muaj teeb meem, ces tus me nyuam mos cov thyroid caj pas, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones tsim nyog rau kev nqus ntawm calcium thiab phosphorus, nrog rau cov txheej txheem metabolic, ua haujlwm thiab ua haujlwm li qub. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob, cov txheej txheem lom neeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg tau qhib rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov vitamin D yog synthesized, vim cov ntaub so ntswg.nquag nqus phosphorus thiab calcium.

Nrog cov vitamins tsis txaus hauv lub cev ntawm tus menyuam, cov hnyuv tsis tuaj yeem nqus cov calcium ib txwm, vim tias nws qib hauv cov ntshav txo qis heev. Txhawm rau them nyiaj rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom no, lub cev pib kos nws tawm ntawm cov pob txha.

Yog li, cov kab mob ntawm rickets feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho pob txha, uas tshwm sim hauv qab no:

  • pob txha ua softer thiab yooj yim dua;
  • skeleton pib deform;
  • pob txha ossification tshwm sim;
  • ntau dhau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas tsis yog calcified osteoid.

Ntxiv rau tag nrho cov saum toj no, tus me nyuam kuj muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov protein, carbohydrate thiab rog metabolism.

Kev kho mob tshwm sim

Lawv yog dab tsi? Yog li, peb tau soj ntsuam seb qhov pathogenesis ntawm rickets yog dab tsi. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem sib txawv thiab nyob ntawm nws qhov hnyav thiab theem.

Cov kab mob no tau muab faib ua lub sijhawm hauv qab no:

  • pib;
  • progressive;
  • kawg;
  • recurrent.

Yuav kom nkag siab tias tus kab mob no txhim kho thiab ua li cas, nrog rau qhov kev kuaj mob tshwm sim li cas hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cia peb ua tib zoo saib lawv txhua tus.

Lub Sijhawm pib

Lub pathogenesis ntawm rickets nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam (hais luv luv txog dab tsi ua ib tug mob tau piav ua ntej) nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob tshwm sim nws tus kheej ntawm 2-3 lub hlis ntawm tus me nyuam lub neej. Lub sijhawm ntawm lub sijhawm no feem ntau yogyog los ntawm 14 mus rau 28 hnub. Feem ntau, kev tshwm sim yog txuam nrog kev txawv txav hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb. Cov cwj pwm coj tus cwj pwm hloov hauv tus me nyuam, thiab kev hloov mus sij hawm ntev kuj tau pom. Nws coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo thiab chim siab, tsis tu ncua, thiab tsis tsaug zog zoo.

manifestation ntawm rickets nyob rau hauv daim duab
manifestation ntawm rickets nyob rau hauv daim duab

hws nce vim ANS ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv cov menyuam yaus. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom thaum pw tsaug zog thiab pub mis. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tawm hws yog nrog los ntawm qhov tsis hnov tsw qaub, thiab tus menyuam lub cev ua nplaum. Cov tawv nqaij yuav khaus. Nyob rau hauv lub nraub qaum ntawm lub taub hau, cov plaub hau pib poob tawm thiab ib tug thiaj li hu ua venous qauv, uas yog pom meej meej. Thaum pom qhov muag pom tus menyuam lub taub hau, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov muag me ntsis ntawm qhov chaw uas tsis yog ossified thiab sutures ntawm pob txha taub hau.

Lub pathogenesis ntawm rickets nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no kuj raug kuaj pom los ntawm excretion ntawm cov khoom pov tseg. Lub rooj zaum yuav tsis ruaj khov, thiab cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm cov zis tso tawm ammonia. Raws li rau cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntshav, qib ntawm calcium nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj, tab sis cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphorus yog me ntsis txo.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias thaum pib, rickets yog kho tau, yog li thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Yog tias kho tsis tau raws sijhawm, tus kab mob yuav hnyav dua.

lub sijhawm nce qib

Lub pathogenesis ntawm rickets nyob rau theem no tau hais. Cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tshwm sim hauv tus menyuam lub cevpob txha pob txha thiab cov leeg nqaij, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv. Cov chaw mos muag tshwm rau ntawm pob txha taub hau, thaj chaw nape ua tiaj tus, thiab cov duab ntawm lub taub hau tuaj yeem hloov pauv. Cov pob khaus feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm lub hauv pliaj thiab lub kaus mom, thiab tus choj ntawm lub qhov ntswg zoo li sunken. Qee zaum, tus menyuam lub qhov muag tau tsiv mus nyob, vim qhov pom ntawm qhov muag yuav tsis zoo.

Calcium deficiency nyob rau hauv cov pob txha tsim teeb meem ua rau qeeb qeeb ntawm cov mis nyuj cov hniav thiab kev hloov ntawm lawv cov kev txiav txim. Thickenings tshwm rau ntawm cov tav ntawm cov pob txha thiab pob txha mos, thiab lub hauv siab yog deformed thiab pib bulge rau pem hauv ntej me ntsis. Thickening kuj tshwm ntawm cov ntiv tes, sab ceg thiab dab teg ntawm 6-8 lub hlis ntawm lub neej.

Yuav kuaj li cas rickets
Yuav kuaj li cas rickets

Cov ceg qis qis hloov lawv cov duab, vim tias qhov nqaim ntawm lub plab yog tsim rau cov ntxhais yav tom ntej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub ligamentous apparatus thiab cov nqaij ntshiv loj hlob tsis muaj zog, yog li hu ua "qav" plab tshwm nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam, thiab cov pob qij txha yuav xoob. Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub hauv siab cuam tshuam rau kev ua pa, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev ua tsis taus pa hnyav. Feem ntau, cov menyuam yaus tsim mob ntsws ntawm tus kab mob etiology. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub plawv hloov mus rau sab xis, ua rau lub plawv dhia thiab txo cov ntshav siab.

Rickets (etiology thiab pathogenesis tej zaum yuav txawv) nyob rau theem zuj zus yog feem ntau nrog cov kev hloov kho hauv qab no thiab cov kab mob sib kis, xws li:

  • ntshav qab zib;
  • nce qhov loj ntawm cov kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev;
  • kev ua txhaum ntawm nthwv dej zoo li kev cog lus ntawm txoj hnyuv loj;
  • poob qab los;
  • quav tsis khov.

Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob rau rickets ntev ntev, vim tias tsis muaj calcium thiab phosphorus hauv cov ntshav, spasmophilia yuav loj hlob hauv cov menyuam yaus.

Lub sijhawm kawg

Lub pathogenesis ntawm rickets nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm convalescence yog nrog los ntawm cov tsos mob rov qab. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau ploj mus ua ntej cov ntsiab lus ntawm calcium thiab phosphorus hauv cov ntshav normalizes, thiab tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv zoo dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, biochemical muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntshav yog me ntsis deviated los ntawm tus qauv, vim calcium yog intensively nkag mus rau cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg.

Lub sijhawm rov muaj dua

Rickets tuaj yeem ua rau nws tus kheej xav tau tom qab kawm tiav kev kho mob thawj 2-4 xyoos ntawm tus menyuam lub neej. Nyob ntawm tus kheej yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev, cov sij hawm no yuav ntev dua. Qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no nres, txawm li cas los xij, rau lub sijhawm ntev, qhov loj ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev tseem loj tuaj. Qee zaum, kev deformation ntawm cov ceg, pob txha taub hau thiab hauv siab tseem nyob hauv cov menyuam yaus rau lub neej, txawm li cas los xij, hmoov zoo, qhov no tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj thiab yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj li txoj cai.

Kev kuaj kab mob

Koj twb muaj lub tswv yim ntxaws txog yuav ua li cas lub pathogenesis ntawm rickets manifests nws tus kheej. Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob suav nrog cov txheej txheem kev tshawb fawb uas tso cai rau koj los txiav txim kom raug thiab paub meej tias muaj cov pob txha tsim teeb meem hauv tus menyuam. Rau tus menyuam noKev kuaj ntshav biochemical yog sau tseg, tsom rau kev kawm txog nws qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov kws kho mob xav nyeem cov ntsiab lus ntawm calcium, phosphorus thiab enzymes ntawm ib pawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ntsuam xyuas dav dav ntawm cov neeg mob tau ua tiav. Raws li daim duab kho mob ntawm tus neeg mob, kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab xaiv qhov kev kho mob.

Kev kho mob

kev kho mob rickets
kev kho mob rickets

Nyob ntawm theem ntawm cov kab mob, cov kab mob ntawm rickets kuj hloov. Hauv qhov no, kev kho mob raug xaiv los ntawm tus kheej, nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm cov kab mob thiab nws lub sijhawm. Feem ntau, kev kho mob yog nyob ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj uas muaj vitamin D. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov khoom noj ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Rau lawv, kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb raug xaiv. Nws tseem pom zoo kom siv sijhawm ntau li ntau tau nrog tus menyuam nyob hauv huab cua ntshiab, ua kev kho mob gymnastic ce, ua ultraviolet irradiation, ua ib tug tshwj xeeb massage, thiab kuj siv ntsev, coniferous thiab sunbathing. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho cov tshuaj vitamin thiab ntau yam kev ntsuas tsom rau kev ntxiv dag zog lub cev tau raug sau tseg. Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj cov calcium uas tsis txaus, ces cov tshuaj uas muaj ntau ntawm cov khoom no tau raug sau tseg, nrog rau kev ua kom lub cev nqus tau ntawm cov hnyuv.

Raws li kev txheeb xyuas kev kho mob qhia, feem ntau, kev kho mob ua haujlwm ib txwm ua thiab tso cai rau koj kom kov yeej tus kab mob yog tias kev kho tau pib thaum pib. Nyob rau hnub tom qab ntawm tus me nyuam lub cevmuaj kev hloov pauv tsis tau uas, hmoov tsis zoo, nyob twj ywm rau lub neej.

Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob?

qhov teeb meem no yuav tsum tau muab tshwj xeeb. Txhua yam kab mob no yooj yim dua los tiv thaiv dua li kho tom qab. Los ntawm kev ua raws qee cov lus qhia thiab kev ua kom yuam kev, koj tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim pob txha pob txha. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm rickets (qhov pathogenesis ntawm tus kab mob tau tham ua ntej) yuav tsum tau ua ob qho tib si nyob rau theem ntawm cev xeeb tub thiab thaum thawj lub hlis ntawm tus menyuam lub neej. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua ub no yog kev pub niam mis.

Lawv txhais tau li hauv qab no:

  1. Tsis txhob siv cov mis mos los pub rau koj tus menyuam. Cov kua mis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov vitamins, minerals thiab as-ham.
  2. Yog vim li cas los xij, kev pub niam mis tsis tuaj yeem, noj cov mis hnyav heev.
  3. Txij thaum thawj hnub ntawm tus menyuam lub neej, ua qhov tshwj xeeb firming massage.
  4. Txhim kho lub cev thiab txhim kho nws txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv, ua douches thiab rubdowns.
  5. Hnub ci yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov vitamin D, yog li xyuas kom koj siv sijhawm sab nraum zoov ntau npaum li koj tuaj yeem ua tau txhua hnub.
  6. Muab rau koj tus menyuam cov tshuaj "Akvodetrim". Cov tshuaj no muaj ntau cov vitamin D, yog li nws yuav muab cov tshuaj steroid prohormone txhua hnub rau tus menyuam.
pathogenesis ntawm rickets
pathogenesis ntawm rickets

Txawm hais tias rickets tsis tuag, txawm li cas los xij nws yog heevib tug mob loj uas yuav ua rau ib tug me nyuam lub neej puas. Yog li ntawd, sim ua raws li cov lus qhia saum toj no txhawm rau txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no hauv koj tus menyuam. Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm ib qho teeb meem, nrhiav kev pab tam sim ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog.

Pom zoo: