Nyob hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav xav txog cov tshuaj zoo rau tus po.
Tus po yog ib lub noob taum zoo li parenchymal nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub cuaj thiab kaum ib tav, nruab nrab ntawm lub diaphragm thiab sab qis ntawm lub plab. Nws muaj xim liab-liab thiab muaj ntau cov hlab ntsha. Yog hais tias tus po noj qab nyob zoo, ces nws tsis palpated, tus neeg mob kuj tsis hnov nws. Kev mob thiab qhov nce ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob. Kev kho mob yog nyob ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology. Xav txog cov tshuaj hauv qab no uas kho tus po.
Pathologies ntawm tus po
Raws li ib txwm muaj, qhov hnyav ntawm tus po yog 150-200 grams, loj - 4x7x11 cm. Lub cev nyob rau tib lub sijhawm ntawm 10 tav tav, hauv plab plab, sab laug. Thaum ua pa, tus spleen tsis mus dhau ntawm tus nqi qis, yog li tus neeg mob tsis hnov nws. Yog tias xav tau, qhov no qhia tias muaj nyobsplenomegaly. Xws li ib tug pathology tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qog nqaij hlav, metabolic ntshawv siab, kab mob.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tus po yog phagocytosis. Phagocytes neutralize cov qe ntshav liab qub, kab mob, thiab lwm cov hlwb. Qhov ntawd yog, lawv lim ntshav.
Lymphopoiesis
Thaum cev xeeb tub, tus po yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob hematopoietic ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab. Lymphopoiesis nyob rau hauv tus spleen txuas ntxiv mus thoob plaws hauv lub neej. Cov lymphocytes tsim los ntawm nws koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Hauv cov neeg laus, nrog qee qhov pathologies, cov txheej txheem ntawm hematopoiesis tuaj yeem rov pib dua, piv txwv li, nrog myelosclerosis, mob myeloid leukemia.
Pathophysiological anatomical variants suav nrog:
- Splenomegaly. Nws yog ib qho loj ntawm tus po. Nws tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm ntau yam mob - mob qog nqaij hlav (leukemia, lymphomas), kab mob (malaria, piv txwv li), lwm yam pathologies (portal hypertension).
- Aspenia. Nws yog ib yam kab mob uas tsis tshua muaj neeg, tus neeg mob tau plam tus po txij thaum yug los.
- Autosplenectomy. Qhov no mob yog ib tug pathology nyob rau hauv uas splenic infarction tsim. Sickle cell anemia feem ntau yog qhov ua rau.
Pib pathologies ntawm tus po yog tsawg heev. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tsoo loj lossis raug mob, tus po tuaj yeem tawg, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau muaj kev cuam tshuam kev phais xwm txheej ceev. Splenomegaly feem ntau yog cov tsos mob, tsis yog kab mob. Ntau yam pathologies tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm rau qhov loj ntawm lub cev:
- qog ntawm tus po (feem ntau metastases los ntawm lwm yam kabmob).
- Splenic abscess.
- Cirrhosis ntawm daim siab.
- Taumatic pathologies.
- Kab mob pathologies ntawm tus mob, mob ntev.
- Pathology ntawm lymphatic system, piv txwv li, lymphomas.
- Hematological pathologies: leukemia, thalassemia, polycythemia vera.
Splenomegaly
Cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev feem ntau, sib nrug los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, yog splenomegaly. Nws tuaj yeem nrog hypersplenism (hyperfunction ntawm lub cev): ntau cov qe ntshav liab, platelets, thiab cov qe ntshav dawb pib sau rau hauv tus po. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cev pib ua kom puas ntau ntawm cov hlwb ib txwm muaj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus neeg mob tsim cov ntshav ntshav, thrombocytopenia.
Yuav siv tshuaj dab tsi rau tus po?
Drug therapy
Kev kho tshuaj - qhov txuas tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob, raws li txoj cai, ib txwm ua rau rov zoo. Qee yam tshuaj raug sau rau hauv tus account ntau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus:
- Etiological kev kho tshuaj - txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov ua rau tus kab mob (piv txwv li, tawm tsam cov kab mob sib kis).
- Pathogenetic tshuaj kho yog txhawm rau txo qis cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho pathology (piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kab mob).
- Symptomatic therapytshuaj - tsom rau kev txwv tsis pub cov tsos mob ntawm pathology (piv txwv li, qhov mob ntawm tus po).
Yog li, cov tshuaj uas muaj nyob hauv ntau pawg kws tshuaj tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob.
tshuaj tua kab mob
Tshuaj rau tus po ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog dav siv los kho cov kab mob ntawm cov poov xab provoked los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov kab mob.
Nitrofuran derivatives feem ntau siv. Qhov no yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob, ua rau yuav luag txhua tus kab mob microbial (gram-negative, gram-positive bacteria, spirochetes, qee tus kab mob).
Cov tshuaj hauv pawg no suav nrog: Furazolidone, Furadonin, Furagin.
E. coli yog kev puas tsuaj rau cov tshuaj muaj feem xyuam rau 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives: Enteroseptol, Intestopan, Nitroxoline.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog uas tshem tawm qhov mob tshwm sim los ntawm Proteus, Escherichia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, yog quinoxaline derivatives: "Quinoxidine", "Dioxidine"
Tshuaj rau tus po nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj nrog ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob uas tua anaerobes, protozoa, bacteroids uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob ntawm tus po, yog cov tshuaj muaj feem xyuam rau 5-nitroimidazole derivatives: "Tinidazole", "Trichopolum", "Flagil", "Metrogyl", "Metronidazole"
Gonococci thiab streptococci yooj yim tua sulfanilamide derivatives:"Sulfalen", "Biseptol", "Sulfadimetoksin", "Sulfapiridazine", "Etazol", "Streptocid"
Yuav siv tshuaj dab tsi rau tus po?
tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Cov txheej txheem mob hauv tus po pib tsim thaum cov kab mob nkag mus rau nws. Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov mob, txo qhov kub thiab txias, nres kev txhim kho ntawm qhov mob.
Cov tshuaj tsis-steroid hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj ntau yam tsis zoo, thiab yog li ntawd lawv tsuas yog muab rau qee tus neeg mob. Cov no suav nrog: "Ketoprofen", "Ketorol", "Ketorolac" (pab tshem tawm qhov mob), "Amidoprine", "Ibuprofen", "Naproxen", "Ketoprofen", "Piroxicam", "Diclofenac", "Flurbiprofen", "Indomethacin". " (tso cai rau tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob).
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm hom steroid yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm glucocorticoids tsim los ntawm adrenal cortex. Lawv muaj zog anti-inflammatory nyhuv. Heev feem ntau lawv raug pom zoo rau kev kho mob ntawm mob lymphoblastic thiab myeloid leukemia, kis kab mob mononucleosis, nrog rau splenomegaly. Cov no suav nrog: Betamethasone, Triamcinolone, Methylprednisolone, Cortisone, Prednisolone, Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone. Cov no yog cov tshuaj nrov tshaj plaws. Cov tshuaj kho tus po yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kws kho mob.
Tshuaj tua kab mob
Tshuaj tua kab mob yog ib pawg tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob ntawm ib qho twgkis kab mob pathologies. Lawv raug tshuaj rau o ncaj qha rau ntawm tus po. Ua ntej pib kho cov tshuaj tua kab mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txheeb xyuas cov kab mob microbe uas ua rau muaj kab mob, uas yog, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tshuaj.
Cov npe tshuaj rau tus po muaj npe hauv qab no. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj hauv ntau pawg:
- YGlycopeptides - Vancomycin.
- Y Fluoroquinolones - Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin.
- Carbapenems - Tienam.
- Tetracyclines - "Doxycycline".
- Erythromycins - Sumamed, Azithromycin.
- Aminoglycosides - Streptomycin, Kanamycin.
- Monobactams - Carbopenem.
- Cephalosporins - Sulpiracef, Cefepime, Cefotetan, Ceftibuten, Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Loracarbef, Cefuroxime, Cefaclor, Cefazolin, Cefalexin.
- Y Penicillins - Bicillin, Nafcillin, Cloxacillin, Oxacillin, Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin.
- Antiviral agents - Idoxuridin, Oxomene, Arbidol, Ribamidil, Vidarabine, Oxomene, Foscarnet, Ganciclovir, Metisazon.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau qhov mob ntawm tus po tuaj yeem raug sau ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, vim tias lawv cov kev siv sib npaug ua rau muaj kev sib zog ntxiv.
Immunomodulating agents
Ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis txaus yog ib yam mob ntawm lub cev. Kev poob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob, ua rau muaj kev phom sijcwj pwm, kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, kev ntxhov siab. Vim lub fact tias tus po yog koom tes nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm lymphoid cov ntaub so ntswg, splenectomy kuj ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem cawm tau.
Cov no suav nrog:
- Tshuaj - Alloferon, Immunal, Levamisole.
- Nucleic acids - Derinat, Poludan.
- Cytokines - Betaleukin, Neupogen.
- YMicrobial - Ribomunil, Imudon, Bronchomunal.
- pob txha pob txha - "Saramil", "Myelopeptide".
- Thymic - Bestim, Taktivin, Timogen, Timalin.
Cov Lus Qhia
Yog li, txhawm rau kho cov kab mob ntawm tus po, siv tshuaj ntawm ntau pawg kws tshuaj. Raws li txoj cai, qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog ua tiav nrog txoj kev kho mob nyuaj, uas suav nrog kev siv tshuaj los ntawm ntau pab pawg ib zaug.
Peb tau saib cov tshuaj uas tau sau ntau tshaj plaws rau kev mob plab.
