HIA - yog dab tsi? Kev yug me nyuam tsis taus

Cov txheej txheem:

HIA - yog dab tsi? Kev yug me nyuam tsis taus
HIA - yog dab tsi? Kev yug me nyuam tsis taus

Video: HIA - yog dab tsi? Kev yug me nyuam tsis taus

Video: HIA - yog dab tsi? Kev yug me nyuam tsis taus
Video: Dab tuag tsev neeg nyob twj cuab 12-13-2019 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Ntau zuj zus, cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm preschool thiab tsev kawm ntawv cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv lawv cov kev coj ua tau ntsib nrog cov menyuam yaus uas, vim qee yam ntawm lawv tus yam ntxwv, sawv tawm hauv zej zog ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg. Raws li txoj cai, cov menyuam yaus no tsis tshua paub txog kev kawm, ua haujlwm qeeb hauv chav kawm thiab cov lus qhia. Tsis ntev tas los no, cov ntsiab lus ntawm "cov me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus" tau ntxiv rau hauv phau ntawv txhais lus pedagogical, tab sis niaj hnub no kev kawm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus tau dhau los ua teeb meem ceev.

OVZ yog dab tsi
OVZ yog dab tsi

Cov me nyuam xiam oob khab hauv lub neej niaj hnub

Cov kws tshaj lij koom nrog kev kawm txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv, sib cav tias yuav luag txhua pab pawg ntawm qib kindergarten thiab hauv tsev kawm theem nrab muaj cov menyuam tsis taus. Dab tsi yog qhov tseeb tom qab kev tshawb fawb ntxaws txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus menyuam niaj hnub no. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog cov menyuam yaus uasKev tsis taus ntawm lub cev lossis lub hlwb uas tiv thaiv tus menyuam los ntawm kev ua tiav qhov kev kawm tiav. Pawg ntawm cov menyuam yaus no muaj ntau haiv neeg: nws suav nrog cov menyuam yaus nrog kev hais lus, hnov lus, tsis pom kev, pathologies ntawm musculoskeletal system, nyuaj ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv suav nrog cov menyuam yaus uas tsis muaj zog, cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas muaj kev xav thiab kev xav tsis zoo, phobias thiab teeb meem nrog kev sib raug zoo. Cov npe yog dav heev, yog li ntawd, cov lus teb rau lo lus nug: "HVD - nws yog dab tsi?" - xav kom muaj kev kawm ntxaws ntxaws ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov pauv niaj hnub no los ntawm cov qauv hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam.

Cov me nyuam tshwj xeeb - lawv yog leej twg?

Raws li txoj cai, cov teeb meem ntawm cov me nyuam tshwj xeeb ua rau cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov niam txiv twb muaj hnub nyoog preschool. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej kev kawm preschool niaj hnub, lub koom haum ntawm kev koom ua ke ntawm cov me nyuam tshwj xeeb rau hauv zej zog yog ua ntau dua. Raws li kev lig kev cai, ob hom kev sib koom ua ke yog qhov txawv: suav nrog thiab kev koom ua ke kev kawm ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas tsis taus. Kev koom ua ke kev kawm muaj nyob rau hauv ib pab pawg tshwj xeeb hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv preschool, kev kawm suav nrog yuav tshwm sim hauv cov pab pawg zoo tib yam ntawm cov phooj ywg. Nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv preschool uas muaj kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev kawm ua ke, cov nqi ntawm cov kws kho kev puas siab puas ntsws tau qhia yam tsis tau poob. Raws li txoj cai, cov menyuam yaus feem ntau pom tsis tau cov phooj ywg noj qab haus huv, vim tias menyuam yaus ua siab ntev dua li cov neeg laus, yog li hauv cov menyuam yaus lub zej zog yuav luag ib txwm "kev sib txuas lus tsis muaj ciam teb".

HIA program
HIA program

Kev koom tes ntawm kev kawm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus tshwj xeeb hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv preschool

Thaum tus menyuam nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv preschool, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb saib xyuas qhov mob ntawm qhov sib txawv. Yog hais tias kev loj hlob pathologies tau nthuav tawm, ces kev pab cov me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv qib kindergarten. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, tus kws kho kev puas siab puas ntsws kev kawm npaj thiab ua ib qho kev kawm tshwj xeeb ntawm tus menyuam, raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ib tus neeg txoj kev loj hlob daim ntawv qhia. Lub hauv paus ntawm txoj kev kawm ntawm tus me nyuam muaj xws li cov chaw xws li ib tug neeg tham nrog cov niam txiv, kawm txog cov ntaub ntawv kho mob, kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub hlwb thiab lub cev kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ntawm qee qhov profile tau txuas nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob hlwb, nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm pathology. Tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm pab pawg neeg uas tau mus xyuas los ntawm ib tug me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus yog qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv tau txais thiab cov kev kawm ntawm tus me nyuam kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb.

preschoolers muaj kev tsis taus
preschoolers muaj kev tsis taus

Kev hloov kho ntawm tus menyuam muaj kev tsis taus raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv preschool

Lub sijhawm hloov pauv rau tus menyuam uas tsis muaj pathologies hauv kev loj hlob, raws li txoj cai, ua rau muaj teeb meem. Lawm, cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool uas xiam oob khab tau siv rau cov xwm txheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus lub zej zog nyuaj thiab teeb meem. Cov menyuam yaus no tau txais kev saib xyuas txhua feeb ntawm lawv niam lawv txiv, tsis tu ncua kev pab los ntawm lawv ib sab. Tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov phooj ywg yog qhov nyuaj vim tsis muaj kev paub txog kev sib txuas lus nrog lwm tus menyuam. Cov kev txawj ntawm cov me nyuam cov kev ua ub no yog tsim nyob rau hauvlawv tsis txaus: kev kos duab, appliqué, qauv thiab lwm yam kev ua ub no uas cov menyuam yaus nrog cov menyuam yaus tshwj xeeb yog me ntsis qeeb thiab nyuaj. Cov kws kho mob koom nrog kev koom ua ke ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev xiam oob khab hauv lub zej zog preschool pom zoo, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, kom muaj kev cob qhia txog kev puas siab puas ntsws rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm cov pab pawg uas cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool uas xiam oob qhab yuav tuaj. Tus me nyuam yuav xis nyob dua yog tias lwm tus menyuam yaus, uas loj hlob ib txwm, yuav pom nws muaj kev sib npaug, tsis pom qhov kev loj hlob tsis zoo thiab tsis nthuav tawm cov teeb meem hauv kev sib txuas lus.

pab rau cov me nyuam tsis taus
pab rau cov me nyuam tsis taus

Kev Xav Tau Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb rau Tus Me Nyuam Tsis Muaj Peev Xwm

Cov xib fwb ua hauj lwm nrog cov me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus saib xyuas cov teeb meem tseem ceeb - kev hloov ntawm kev sib raug zoo rau ib tug me nyuam tshwj xeeb. Cov phooj ywg uas loj hlob ib txwm, raws li txoj cai, yooj yim lees txais qhov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse los ntawm tus kws qhia, tab sis cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev loj hlob loj heev xav tau kev qhia tshwj xeeb. Nws yog kev npaj thiab npaj, raws li txoj cai, los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ua haujlwm hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv uas tau mus xyuas los ntawm tus menyuam muaj kev tsis taus. Txoj kev cob qhia rau cov me nyuam no suav nrog kev txiav txim siab txog kev coj tus kheej mus rau tus me nyuam, cov ntu ntxiv uas cuam tshuam rau kev kawm tshwj xeeb. Nws kuj tseem suav nrog cov hauv kev los nthuav dav qhov chaw kawm ntawv rau tus menyuam dhau lub tsev kawm ntawv, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem hauv kev sib raug zoo. Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev siv txoj haujlwm ntawm kev kawm yog coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev kawm tshwj xeeb ntawm tus menyuam, vim qhov xwm txheej ntawm pathology thiab degree.nws qhia.

Txoj kev kawm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam tshwj xeeb hauv tsev kawm

Kev qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis taus yog qhov teeb meem nyuaj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm. Txoj kev kawm rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog kawm ntawv yog qhov nyuaj ntau dua li kev kawm ua ntej, yog li kev saib xyuas ntxiv yog them rau tus kheej kev koom tes ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab tus kws qhia ntawv. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias, ntxiv rau kev sib raug zoo, kev them nyiaj rau kev loj hlob tsis zoo, cov xwm txheej yuav tsum tau muab rau tus menyuam kom paub txog cov kev kawm dav dav. Lub nra hnyav poob rau cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb: kws kho hlwb, kws kho mob hais lus, kws kho mob sociologist - leej twg yuav tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog kev kho qhov cuam tshuam rau tus tub ntxhais kawm tshwj xeeb, suav nrog qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab mob.

Kev hloov ntawm tus menyuam muaj kev tsis taus raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv kev kawm

Cov me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus mus kawm preschool cov tsev kawm ntawv tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau cov menyuam yaus lub zej zog thaum lub sijhawm nkag mus kawm ntawv, vim lawv muaj qee qhov kev sib txuas lus nrog cov phooj ywg thiab cov neeg laus. Thaum tsis muaj cov kev paub dhau los, cov tub ntxhais kawm uas muaj kev xiam oob khab mus dhau lub sijhawm hloov kho nyuaj dua. Kev sib txuas lus nyuaj nrog lwm tus menyuam kawm ntawv yog qhov nyuaj los ntawm qhov muaj pathology hauv tus menyuam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib cais ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv hauv chav kawm. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv tsev kawm txog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev yoog raws tab tom tsim txoj kev hloov kho tshwj xeeb rau tus menyuam muaj kev tsis taus. Dab tsi yog qhov tseeb los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm nws qhov kev siv. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog cov kws qhia ua haujlwm nrog cov chav kawm, niam txiv ntawm tus menyuam, niam txiv ntawm lwm tuscov tub ntxhais kawm, kev tswj hwm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob, sociologist thiab psychologist ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Kev sib koom ua ke ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias tom qab qee lub sijhawm, feem ntau 3-4 lub hlis, tus menyuam muaj kev xiam oob khab tau txais txiaj ntsig txaus hauv tsev kawm ntawv zej zog. Qhov no ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem ntawm nws txoj kev kawm ntxiv thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm txoj haujlwm kev kawm.

cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsis taus
cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsis taus

Kev sib tham ntawm tsev neeg thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm kev koom ua ke ntawm cov menyuam yaus muaj kev tsis taus rau hauv cov menyuam yaus lub zej zog

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev kawm ntawm tus menyuam muaj kev tsis taus yog muab rau tsev neeg. Qhov kev vam meej ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm tshwj xeeb ncaj qha nyob ntawm seb qhov kev koom tes ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv nrog cov niam txiv raug tsim. Cov niam txiv ntawm cov me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus yuav tsum txaus siab tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv assimilation ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kawm ntawv los ntawm lawv tus tub los yog ntxhais, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv tsim kom muaj ib tug tag nrho-fledged sib cuag ntawm tus me nyuam nrog cov phooj ywg. Tus cwj pwm zoo ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws yuav ua rau muaj kev vam meej hauv kev paub txog cov khoom siv. Kev koom tes ntawm cov niam txiv hauv lub neej ntawm chav kawm yuav ua rau muaj kev tsim ntawm tib lub siab lub ntsws microclimate ntawm tsev neeg thiab tsev kawm ntawv, raws li, thiab kev hloov ntawm tus menyuam hauv chav kawm yuav muaj qhov tshwm sim tsawg kawg ntawm kev nyuaj.

yug me nyuam tsis taus
yug me nyuam tsis taus

Lub koom haum pab kev puas siab puas ntsws rau cov menyuam yaus tsis taus

Thaum tsim ib txoj hauv kev kawm rau tus kheej rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kab mob hnyav hauv kev loj hlob, cov kws tshwj xeeb yam tsis tau poob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm tus menyuam los ntawm tus kws qhia-psychologist, social pedagogue, defectologist, rehabilitologist. Kev txhawb kev puas siab puas ntsws rau cov tub ntxhais kawm tshwj xeeb yog ua los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb kev pabcuam kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab suav nrog kev tshawb fawb txog qib ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev txawj ntse, lub xeev ntawm kev xav-volitional sphere, qib ntawm kev tsim cov txuj ci tsim nyog. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau txais kev kuaj mob, nws tau npaj los ua cov kev ntsuas kev kho mob. Kev kho kev ua haujlwm nrog cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev tsis taus uas yuav muaj qhov sib txawv thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nyuaj yog nqa mus rau hauv tus account cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob uas tau txheeb xyuas. Kev ua cov kev ntsuas kho yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev txhim kho kev puas siab puas ntsws rau cov menyuam yaus uas tsis taus.

kev kho mob nrog cov me nyuam tsis taus
kev kho mob nrog cov me nyuam tsis taus

Txoj kev tshwj xeeb ntawm kev qhia cov menyuam tsis taus

Ib txwm ua, cov kws qhia ntawv ua haujlwm raws li qee lub tswv yim: piav qhia cov khoom tshiab, ua tiav cov haujlwm ntawm lub ncauj lus, ntsuas qib kev paub txog kev paub. Cov tswv yim no rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas xiam oob qhab zoo li txawv me ntsis. Nws yog dab tsi? Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb, raws li txoj cai, tau piav qhia ntawm cov kev cob qhia qib siab tshaj lij rau cov kws qhia ua haujlwm nrog cov menyuam muaj kev tsis taus. Feem ntau, cov tswv yim zoo li kwv yees li hauv qab no:

- ib kauj ruam piav qhia ntawm cov khoom tshiab;

- dosed kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov dej num;

- rov hais dua los ntawm tus tub kawm ntawm cov lus qhia kom ua tiav txoj haujlwm;

- muab cov khoom siv suab thiab pom kev kawm;

- qhov kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb ntawm qib kev kawmachievements.

Kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb suav nrog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, ib qho kev ntsuas tus kheej raws li qhov kev vam meej ntawm tus menyuam thiab kev siv zog los ntawm nws.

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