Epiphyseal pob txha mos - nta, qauv thiab tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem:

Epiphyseal pob txha mos - nta, qauv thiab tshuaj xyuas
Epiphyseal pob txha mos - nta, qauv thiab tshuaj xyuas

Video: Epiphyseal pob txha mos - nta, qauv thiab tshuaj xyuas

Video: Epiphyseal pob txha mos - nta, qauv thiab tshuaj xyuas
Video: Placental Insufficiency : Causes, Diagnosis, Symptoms, Treatment, Prognosis 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Cov pob txha yog cov yas tsim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum yau. Lawv cov hlwb - osteocytes muaj peev xwm faib ua ib nrab thiab loj hlob muaj zog. Qee cov pob txha muaj ob peb ntu, thiab tom qab ntawd, nrog lub hnub nyoog, coalesce rau hauv monolithic tsim thiab tawv. Lub phaj epiphyseal yog lub luag haujlwm rau ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pob txha - lawv txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm qhov ntev. Qhov no yog li cas cov pob txha ntev ntawm tubular loj hlob - caj npab thiab txhais ceg.

epiphysis thiab diaphysis. pob txha loj hlob
epiphysis thiab diaphysis. pob txha loj hlob

Cov pob txha ntawm tus menyuam yug tshiab ua li cas rau cov pob txha loj thiab tawv ntawm tus neeg laus? Cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim hauv cov pob txha mos hluas thiab hu ua ossification. Vim yog cov qauv ntawm cov pob txha mos, cov pob txha ntawm cov menyuam yaus hloov tau yooj yim, thiab thaum muaj pob txha, lawv fuse sai. Tab sis twb yog thaum hluas lawm, thaj chaw loj hlob tau txo qis

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob txha mos epiphyseal hauv pob txha

Cov menyuam pob txha rov qab sai heev. Thaum xub thawj, cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg muaj ib tug mesh qauv, ces nws yog hloov los ntawm ib tug lamellar ib tug thib ob Haversian qauv. Txij thaum yug mus txog rau hnub nyoog laus, pob txha sailoj hlob vim yog cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pob txha mos epiphyseal.

kab mob epiphyseal nyob qhov twg?
kab mob epiphyseal nyob qhov twg?

Cov pob txha mos no nyob nruab nrab ntawm diaphysis thiab epiphysis. Lub epiphysis yog qhov tuab ntawm cov pob txha pob txha, thiab diaphysis yog nws qhov ntev. Cov hlwb ntawm thaj av epiphyseal (cheeb tsam loj hlob) faib ua ib nrab thiab sib sau. Maj mam, thaj chaw ntawm ossification yog tsim, uas tom qab ntawd loj hlob ua ke thiab tsim cov pob txha tawv thiab elastic - tiv thaiv cov pob txha liab.

Qhov no yog qhov cov pob txha tubular loj hlob ntev. Lub periosteum yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev loj hlob hauv qhov dav. Kev loj hlob tshwm sim vim yog cov tshuaj hormone somatotropin. Nws yog tsim los ntawm lub caj pas pituitary. Ntxiv nrog rau cov tshuaj hormones loj hlob, qee cov tshuaj kuj tseem xav tau rau kev loj hlob - insulin thiab thyroid hormones.

Kev loj hlob hormone somatotropin
Kev loj hlob hormone somatotropin

Kev tsis muaj tshuaj hormone lossis tsis muaj calcium vim kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo ua rau tus menyuam loj hlob qeeb thiab loj hlob luv. Tab sis qee zaum kev xeeb tub kuj yog qhov ua rau.

Tom qab tag nrho, cov pob txha loj hlob qeeb zuj zus. Thiab ua ntej hnub nyoog 21 xyoos, tag nrho cov pob txha loj tawv. Cov pob txha mos epiphyseal hauv cov pob qij txha kuj tawv; es, lawv tau hloov los ntawm hyaline pob txha mos, uas muab kev poob siab thiab txo kev sib txhuam thaum sib cuag ntawm qhov txav ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke. Cov pob txha mos pob txha yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv txij thaum yau.

Thaj chaw loj hlob, maj mam txo qis, ploj mus yuav luag tag. Cov pob txha me me ntawm cov pob txha ossify los ntawm hnub nyoog 25 xyoo hauv cov txiv neej. Hauv cov poj niam, txawm tias muaj hnub nyoog 22-23.

pob txha tawv li cas?

Lub sijhawmHauv utero, tus menyuam hauv plab tsim ib yam khoom hu ua mesenchyme. Tom qab yug me nyuam, nws raug hloov los ntawm pob txha mos, thiab tom qab ntawd, maj mam, cov pob txha mos epiphyseal hloov los ntawm cov pob txha laus.

Yog li, tus menyuam muaj cov qauv mos ntawm qhov diaphysis (lub cev ntawm pob txha) thiab epiphysis. Qhov no yog epiphyseal pob txha mos. Thaum lub sij hawm active kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam, cov txheej txheem ntawm thawj thiab ces thib ob ossification tshwm sim. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias chondrocytes (cov pob txha mos) hloov los ntawm osteoblasts, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog hloov los ntawm osteocytes.

Osteoblast hlwb nquag tsim cov tshuaj intercellular, thiab tom qab ntawd calcify thiab tig mus rau hauv osteocytes. Osteoblasts yog cov pob txha hluas; lawv pab debug calcium ntsev hauv cov pob txha matrix. Thiab osteocytes twb hardened mature hlwb. Cov pob txha mos hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm calcification ntawm osteoblasts maj mam yaj. Yog li, cov pob txha mos epiphyseal hloov mus rau hauv cov pob txha ntawm tus neeg laus.

Puas yog tus me nyuam ceg nkhaus kho tau

Ntau zaus cov menyuam yaus muaj teeb meem xws li qhov tsis raug (crooked) loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha. Yuav kho li cas? Ua li no, daim hlau muab tso rau hauv cov pob txha mos epiphyseal ntawm ob txhais ceg ntawm ib sab ntawm pob txha mos. Vim lawv txoj kev loj hlob tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm ib sab, thiab tom qab ob peb xyoos cov pob txha hauv tus me nyuam raug sib raug zoo vim yog kev kho ntawm lub kaum sab xis.

txhais ceg curvature kho
txhais ceg curvature kho

Zoo rau 13-14 xyoos, cov phiaj raug tshem tawm kom qhov kev loj hlob ntxiv mus ntxiv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, sib npaug ntawm ob sab.

yam cuam tshuam rau pob txha loj hlob

Muaj ntau lub hauv paus ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm pob txhafabrics uas P. F. Lesgaft. Peb twb paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones, dab tsi ntxiv yuav tsum nkag siab? Yog li, txhawm rau kom cov pob txha mos epiphyseal loj hlob sai, nws yuav tsum tau noj ntau ntawm calcium thiab magnesium nrog zaub mov. Tab sis cov pob txha kuj xav tau kev tawm dag zog:

  1. pob txha loj hlob nyob ntawm cov leeg nqaij.
  2. Thiab tseem tsim cov pob txha nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm nro thiab compression. Nws paub tias nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov leeg yog txuas los ntawm cov leeg mus rau cov pob txha, cov pob txha outgrowth yog tsim.
  3. Cov pob txha zoo li nyob ntawm lub siab sab nraud uas tau ua rau nws. Cov tub ntxhais hluas raug qhia kom dai ntawm kab kab rov tav ntau zaus, piv txwv li, txhawm rau txhawb pob txha loj hlob.

Raws li peb tuaj yeem pom, kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha mos epiphyseal nyob ntawm ntau yam. Tsis txhob xav tias nws yog 100% vim yog cov noob. Kev loj hlob ntawm pob txha tshwm sim ntawm qee theem ntawm kev ntxhov siab. Thiab qhov xwm txheej thib ob yog qhov kev kawm tsis tuaj yeem plam.

Osteomyelitis ntawm pob txha mos

Ob tus menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus qee zaum muaj pob txha pob txha hu ua osteomyelitis. Qhov no yog kab mob inflammatory. Yog hais tias tus me nyuam muaj kab mob ntawm cov pob txha mos epiphyseal, ces peb tab tom tham txog epiphyseal osteomyelitis. Hauv cov neeg laus, cov pob txha pob txha no tseem me ntsis.

Kev mob tshwm sim vim qhib pob txha, thaum muaj kab mob nkag mus rau cov pob txha. Nws kuj tuaj yeem tsim tau ntev ntev ntawm cov pob txha hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab maj mam txav mus rau hauv cov pob txha. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, lawv hais txog tus kab mob epiphyseal thib ob.

Fractures ntawm thaj chaw ntawm pob txha loj hlob thaum yau

Kev raug mob rau cov pob txha mos epiphyseal suav txog 15% ntawm tag nrho cov menyuam yaus pob txha. Thiabib nrab ntawm lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub luj tshib los yog forearm. Feem ntau cov menyuam yaus raug mob rau thaj chaw loj hlob thaum ua si ncaws pob, gymnastics lossis kis las.

Kev tawg ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Kev tawg ntawm cov menyuam yaus

Yog pob txha tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov pob txha loj hlob hauv cov menyuam yaus, ces qhov kev mob tshwm sim zoo heev. Txawm tias qhov tawg yog nyob rau hauv lub luj tshib los yog hauv caug sib koom tes. Cov thaj ua rau thaj loj hlob sai heev. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug hluas, cov pob txha mos epiphyseal nyob rau hauv lub sib koom tes twb yog ib feem ossified qauv, thiab tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib koom tes yuav tsum tau kom meej meej rov qab. Txwv tsis pub, thaum muaj hnub nyoog laus, tej zaum yuav muaj mob hnyav ntawm qhov chaw ntawm pob txha tawg.

Zoo kawg

Vim li cas cov txheej txheem ua pob txha loj hlob? Vim yog cov pob txha mos no.

Cov menyuam pob txha tseem hloov tau yooj yim. Lawv cov pob txha mos epiphyseal tseem muaj qee qhov chaw ntawm ossification. Cov txheej txheem ntawm ossification, uas yog, hloov cov osteoblasts nrog osteocytes, kav ntev txog 25 xyoo. Lub phaj epiphyseal yog cov seem ntawm cov pob txha mos elastic ntawm cov epiphysis thiab diaphysis.

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