Lub siab yog lub caj pas loj tshaj plaws, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev, yam tsis muaj peb lub neej ua tsis tau. Zoo li tag nrho lwm lub cev lub cev, nws muaj cov khoom me me. Nyob rau hauv lub cev, xws li ib tug tseem ceeb yog lub hepatic lobule. Peb yuav txheeb xyuas kom meej hauv kab lus no.
lub siab lobule yog dab tsi?
PD yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws morphological chav tsev ntawm lub siab parenchyma. Visually nws muaj prismatic zoo li. Hauv nws cov ces kaum koj tuaj yeem pom qhov hu ua portal, rooj vag raws. Lawv muaj tsib yam:
- Interlobular leeg.
- Interlobular hlab ntsha.
- ducts nyob rau hauv lub siab lobule.
- Portal vein ceg.
- Hepatic artery ceg.
- Nerve fibers.
- kab ntawm cov hlab ntsha lymphatic.
Peb mam li tham ntxiv txog tus qauv ntawm lub lobule tom qab.
Txoj kev teeb tsa ntu ntawm daim siab
Cov khoom ntawm lub lobule nws tus kheej, dhau los, yog cov hepatocytes, cov kab mob siab polygonal. Lawv loj loj - 15-30 microns. Tsib ntawm lawvbinuclear, 70% yog mononuclear nrog tetraploid teeb, tus so muaj 4- lossis 8-fold diploid chromosome teeb.
Hepatocytes tsim kab mob siab laminae bounded by sinusoidal hepatic capillaries. Nyob rau hauv lub hepatic lobule, xws li daim hlau muaj ib tug tuab ntawm ib txheej ntawm hepatocytes. Lawv yuav tsum txwv rau cov hlwb endothelial thiab kab mob siab Kupffer sinusoid hlwb.
Xav txog cov qauv ntawm cov kab mob hepatic lobule, peb pom tias cov phiaj xwm hais tawm tshwm sim los ntawm ntau lub hepatocytes uas txwv lub lobule los ntawm sab ntawm lub stroma, uas yog, txwv cov phaj. Tom qab kuaj xyuas tom kawg ntawm lub anatomical atlas, peb yuav pom tias lawv tau dotted nrog ntau lub qhov. Nws yog los ntawm lawv uas cov ntshav capillaries nkag mus rau hauv lub lobule, yog li tsim ib lub hepatic sinusoidal capillary network.
daim siab daim hlau thiab cov hlab ntsha sinusoidal converge mus rau vector ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab uas dhau los ntawm lub cev.
ntshav mov ntawm lobule: kev ua haujlwm zoo
Cov ntshav ntawm lub siab lobule thiab tag nrho lub cev raug teeb tsa raws li hauv qab no.
Kev ua haujlwm khiav haujlwm (80% ntawm tag nrho qhov sib koom ntawm cov ntshav dhau lawm). Cov hlab ntsha portal faib rau hauv cov ceg ntoo interlobar. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, ceg mus rau hauv lub interlobular, hla nyob rau hauv lub portal kwj dej. Interlobular ceg ntawm nruj me ntsis diverge mus rau hauv luv luv perpendicular ceg. Lawv hu ua interlobular (input) venules. Lawv npog tag nrho ntu ntawm kab mob siab.
Cov lobules tawm ntawm cov venules interlobular thiab cov leeg mus rau saum npoovenous capillaries. Nws yog nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv cov ntshav hla lub qhov nyob rau hauv lub limiting daim hlau mus rau hauv lub sinusoidal capillaries ntawm daim siab. Nws mam li ncig ntawm daim siab daim hlau thiab sau rau hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab.
Los ntawm CV, cov ntshav raug xa mus rau cov hlab ntsha sublobular, los ntawm qhov uas nws nkag mus rau hauv cov leeg sau. Thaum kawg, nws los ntshav rau hauv cov hlab ntsha.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev piav qhia ua haujlwm yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Kev xa cov khoom nqus nqus los ntawm lub plab zom mov, spleen, pancreas mus rau daim siab ntu.
- YKev hloov pauv thiab sib sau ntawm cov metabolites.
- Neutralization thiab tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom.
ntshav ntawm lub lobule: nourishing ncig
Kev pub mis ntawm lub siab lobule suav txog 20% ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav ntim hla ntu.
Cov ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha interlobar thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv siab sib txawv rau cov ceg me - cov hlab ntsha interlobular, uas nws txoj hauv kev kuj nyob ntawm cov kwj dej portal. Nyob rau hauv lem, lawv muab faib ua arterial capillaries. Cov tom kawg muab cov ntshav tshiab, oxygenated rau lub portal ducts, bile ducts, stroma ntawm lub cev.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej, cov ntshav yog sau rau hauv lub vas sab capillary, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov input venules thiab interlobular veins. Txawm li cas los xij, ib feem me me ntawm nws (tsuas yog los ntawm cov hlab ntsha interlobular) nkag mus rau hauv sinusoidal capillaries. Qhov no pab ua kom cov pa oxygen ntawm cov ntshav venous ncig hauv lub siab sinuses.
Ntxhais hmoob channel
Lub portal kwj dej yog qhov chaw puag ncig lossis daim duab peb sab uas tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub siab lobule. VC yog ntim nrog cov ntaub so ntswg xoob, nyob rau hauv uas fibrocytes, fibroblasts, wandering hlwb nyob.
Nyob rau hauv txhua tus channel dhau:
- duct.
- Interlobular vein thiab artery.
- Lymphatic hlab ntsha.
- Nerve fibers.
Cia peb tham txog txhua qhov kev nthuav qhia kom ntxaws.
Kev muab ntshav ntawm lub portal kwj dej
Cov ntshav muab rau qhov no ntawm lub lobular parenchyma yog sawv cev los ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha.
Los ntawm cov hlab ntsha interlobular, cov hlab ntsha capillary tawm mus, nkag mus rau hauv cov phaj txwv, los ntawm qhov chaw ntxiv - mus rau hauv lub siab lobule hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov sinusoids lawm. Cov ceg ntoo tom qab ntawm cov leeg, nyob rau sab perpendicular rau nws, - cov input venules kuj tig mus rau hauv capillaries, ua sinusoidal, nrog erythrocytes pom.
Cov hlab ntsha interlobular ntawm no yog cov leeg nqaij zoo li, me me dua li cov leeg. Capillaries kuj tawm ntawm nws, muab ob qho tib si cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub portal kwj dej thiab nws cov ntsiab lus. Ib feem ntawm cov ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau hauv sinusoidal capillaries.
Cov hlab ntsha los ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob ib puag ncig cov kua tsib, folding rau hauv choroid peribiliary plexus.
Arterial thiab venous capillaries ntawm no muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws. Cov kab mob siab sinusoids tiag tiag yog sinusoidal capillaries. Lawv dhau ntawm daim phiaj ntawm daim siab kom lawv cov endotheliumcais tawm ntawm lub phaj tsuas yog qhov chaw nqaim ntawm Disse - qhov sib txawv perisinusoidal.
Nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm bifurcations ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub siab sinusoids, tshwj xeeb macrophages, hu ua Cooper hlwb, nyob rau hauv ib tug chaotic yam. Cov cheeb tsam dav ntawm Disse cov fissures muaj ITO hlwb, muaj roj los yog perisinusoidal.
Ntxhais hmoob channel
Cov kua tsib nyob rau ntu ntawm daim siab yog ib txwm nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub cev ntawm hepatocytes thiab dhau mus rau nruab nrab ntawm daim siab daim siab.
Terminal bile ducts, txawv ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv luv heev, hu ua Herring's canals. Kab nrog ib tug me me ntawm cov cell ca. Herring channels pom tsuas yog nyob rau theem ntawm cov phaj txwv.
Cov ducts ntawm cov kua tsib twb tau tawm mus rau hauv cov ducts tag nrho cov kua tsib, uas, dhau los ntawm cov kwj dej portal, ntws mus rau hauv cov ducts interlobular. Nyob rau hauv lub anatomical atlas, lawv pom nyob rau ntawm daim siab daim siab dissected raws li qhov me me.
Lub lymphatic thiab paj hlwb ntawm lub portal kwj dej
Cov lymphocapillaries pib qhov muag tsis pom hauv lub portal kwj dej. Tom qab ntawd lawv, twb tau cais tawm ntawm cov phaj txwv los ntawm qhov sib txawv nqaim, hu ua Mall's qhov chaw, tsim rau hauv cov hlab ntsha lymphatic. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tsis muaj interlobular ntawm lawv.
Nerve fibers ntawm hom adrenergic yog nrog cov hlab ntsha, innervating lub portal kwj dej nws tus kheej. Tom qab ntawd, dhau mus rau hauv lub hepatic lobule, ib lub web intralobular yog tsim nyob rau hauv nws. Cholinergic paj hlwbhom kuj suav nrog hauv daim.
Slice functions
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub siab lobule yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tag nrho daim siab, vim nws yog ib feem ntawm lub qog loj no. Qhov ntau ntawm cov dej num ntawm lub cev, nrog rau nws cov khoom, yog qhov dav heev. Peb yuav kov ntawm lub ntsiab, tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ua haujlwm rau lub cev:
- Kev Tiv Thaiv - ua kom lub siab lymphocytes.
- Metabolism ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg, cov metabolism hauv cov ntxhia.
- Kev koom tes hauv pigment metabolism. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv capture ntawm bilirubin thiab nws excretion nrog rau cov kua tsib.
- Y Carbohydrate metabolism. Kev koom tes hauv cov txheej txheem suav nrog kev tsim thiab tom qab oxidation ntawm qabzib, nrog rau kev sib xyaw thiab kev tawg ntawm glycogen.
- Y Synthesis ntawm cov kua tsib, kua tsib acids, triglycerides, phospholipids. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus no tau koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem digestive thiab rog metabolism.
- Synthesis ntawm ntau hom proteins tsim nyog rau lub neej ntawm tag nrho cov kabmob - coagulation yam, albumins, thiab lwm yam.
- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev ntxuav, detoxifying muaj nuj nqi. Nws yog daim siab - lub hauv paus tseem ceeb uas ntxuav tag nrho lub cev ntawm toxins. Los ntawm cov hlab ntsha portal, teeb meem, cov khoom txawv teb chaws, cov khoom metabolic nkag mus rau ntu ntawm daim siab los ntawm txoj hnyuv. Nyob rau hauv lub cev no, lawv tau ntxiv neutralized, tom qab uas lawv tau tawm ntawm lub cev.
Lub siab lub ntsws yog ib feem ntawm lub cev ntawm daim siab. Lub cev muaj ib tug complex qauv. Cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha lymphatic, cov ducts thiab cov hlab ntsha uas muab cov ntu dhau los ntawm nws cov kwj dej portal.xaus. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub lobule yog cov kab mob siab tshwj xeeb - hepatocytes, uas muaj lawv tus kheej cov qauv. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tag nrho lub siab thiab nws cov lobules zoo ib yam.
