Feem ntau qhov kev xav ntawm tus menyuam hloov mus ua teeb meem tiag tiag rau cov niam txiv yav tom ntej. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib tug los yog lwm yam kab mob. Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob no yog uterine hypoplasia. Dab tsi yog nws thiab puas tuaj yeem tshem tau tus kab mob no?
Lub tsev menyuam mos yog dab tsi?
Hypoplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam (tus menyuam mos, tsis muaj kev tsim lossis hypoplastic uterus) yog ib yam mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev loj hlob tsis txaus ntawm tus poj niam lub cev. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no tej zaum yuav nyuaj rau xeeb tub, xeeb tub, los yog ua kom tsis muaj menyuam. Tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas uterine hypoplasia. Nws yog dab tsi, nws yuav qhia rau koj nyob rau hauv thawj lub sij hawm.
uterus tag nrho
Tus poj niam lub tsev menyuam yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua menyuam. Nws yog nws lub luag haujlwm rau lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov tsim nyog poj niam txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones, nrog rau qhov muaj peev xwm xeeb tub thiab yug me nyuam. Nws yog lub cev uas muaj peev xwm dais tus me nyuam, qhov chaw uas yog thawb nws tawm nrog kev pab ntawm contractions (contractions).
Lub tsev menyuam ntawm lub cev poj niam lausmuaj tej yam ntxwv uas nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob. Thaum yug los ntawm ib tug poj niam me nyuam, lub cev xeeb tub tsuas yog 3 cm, thiab nws qhov hnyav nce mus txog 4 grams. Tom qab ntawd, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txo qis ntawm lub tsev menyuam tshwm sim, tom qab ntawd qhov kev loj hlob ntxiv ntxiv. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 4 xyoos, qhov loj ntawm lub cev xeeb tub yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 2.5 cm, thiab nws qhov hnyav yog 2.3 grams. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 xyoo, nws muaj qhov nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab: 3 centimeters thiab 4 grams.
Thaum txog lub sijhawm puberty, qhov loj ntawm tus poj niam lub tsev menyuam hloov. Nws cov kev txwv nyob ntawm seb tus ntxhais yug me nyuam los tsis yog.
1. uterine kab noj hniav ntawm tus neeg mob nulliparous: thickness - 3.5 cm; dav 4,7; ntev - 4.6 cm (deviations ntawm 1-3 mm yog ua tau).
2. Tsis muaj nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm nchuav menyuam: thickness - 3.8 cm; dav - 5.5 cm; qhov tob - 5.5 cm (deviations ntawm 1-3 mm yog ua tau).
3. Lub uterine kab noj hniav ntawm tus poj niam yug me nyuam muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no: thickness - 4.1 cm; dav - 5.5 cm; qhov tob - 6 cm (deviations ntawm 1-5 mm yog ua tau).
Tom qab xeeb tub thiab thaum yug me nyuam, lub tsev menyuam tas li loj tuaj. Thaum kawg ntawm cev xeeb tub, nws qhov tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag 33 cm ntev thiab hnyav 1.6 kg. Tom qab yug tau zoo, qhov chaw mos ntawm qhov chaw mos pib ntsws, tab sis nws tsis ncav cuag nws qhov loj me. Nws qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav nce me ntsis. Lub ncauj tsev menyuam kuj muaj nws qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Qhov nruab nrab, nws yog 1/3 ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cev xeeb tub (30-35 mm ntev thiab 30-50 mm dav). Lub caj dab zoo nyob ntawm seb tus poj niam yug me nyuam los yog tsis. NtawmNulliparous, nws muaj ib tug canonical daim duab, thiab ib tug parous - cylindrical.
Caus ntawm uterine hypoplasia
Qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev thiab tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev, tab sis kuj yog lub neej nyob ntawm tus ntxhais. Yog li, congenital infantilism ntawm lub tsev menyuam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam:
- muaj kab mob sib kis;
- siv tshuaj ntev ntev;
- ncua kev loj hlob ntawm fetal thaum nyob hauv plab;
- siv tshuaj phem, suav nrog cawv thiab haus luam yeeb;
- mob hnyav nyob thiab ua haujlwm;
- tsim tsis raug ntawm chromosomes hauv lub cev;
- muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm caj ces thiab nta.
Kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob thaum lub neej thiab loj hlob ntawm ib tug ntxhais yuav muaj feem xyuam:
- nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces;
- nrog kev ntxhov siab loj, ob lub cev thiab lub hlwb;
- nrog mob khaub thuas ntev;
- nrog kev siv tshuaj phem, suav nrog cawv;
- nrog tsis muaj lossis ntau cov vitamins hauv lub cev;
- nrog kev nyuaj siab;
- nrog kev phais zes qe menyuam dhau los;
- nrog kev loj hlob ntawm zes qe menyuam;
- nrog zaub mov tsis zoo thiab, vim li ntawd, qhov hnyav thiab hnyav dhau lawm;
- nrog cov kab mob ntawm endocrine system;
- nrog cov kab mob ntev.
Different degrees ntawm uterine hypoplasia
Tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias thaum lub sijhawm puberty lub tsev menyuamtseem tsis tau mus txog qhov loj me. Tsis tsuas yog lub cev xeeb tub nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj nws tus kheej lub cev thiab cov appendages yuav underdeveloped. Cov yam ntxwv sib xws yog tsim los ntawm gynecologist thaum kuaj thawj zaug thiab thaum kuaj ultrasound. Muaj ntau ntau qib sib txawv ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob:
1. Hypoplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam ntawm qib 1 - qhov tob ntawm lub tsev menyuam mus txog tsis pub tshaj 3.5 centimeters, nrog rau feem ntau ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov kev kawm no, lub tsev menyuam tseem hu ua kab mob los yog rudimentary.
2. Hypoplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam ntawm qib 2 - qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw mos tuaj yeem yog 3.5 txog 5.5 cm, thaum lub caj dab me me, txog 3/1. Ib lub cev nyob rau hauv xws li kev loj hlob yog hu ua me nyuam mos los yog infantile.
3. Qib 3 ntawm tus kab mob - thaum siv kev sojntsuam, qhov tob ntawm cov kab noj hniav yog los ntawm 5 mus rau 7 centimeters, thiab qhov sib piv ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab lub tsev menyuam twb zoo li qub 1/3. Cov yam ntxwv zoo li no yog qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm cov qauv. Lub cev xeeb tub hu ua kev hluas los yog hypoplastic.
Signs of disease
Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua lub hnub nyoog. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm qhov teeb meem yog qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws los yog qhov pib lig ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws. Hypoplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam ntawm qib 1 yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj tsawg thiab meager paug. Cov kab mob hauv qib 2 thiab 3 yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws lig (feem ntau tom qab 15-16 xyoo). Kev faib khoom tuaj yeem tsis sib xws, tsis tshua muaj, lossis, hloov pauv, ntau dhau. Premenstrual cider kuj tshwm sim tau zoo heev, mob, kiv taub hau, xeev siab thiab tseem ua rau qaug zog.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob yog tshwm sim los ntawm yam xws li:
- vim nws qhov me me, tus poj niam lub tsev menyuam tsis muaj cov yas txaus, yog li ntawd, thaum muaj ntshav siab (ua ntej thiab thaum cev xeeb tub), nws qhov hnyav nce yog mob;
- kev txhim kho ntawm lub tsev menyuam kwj dej yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm nws txoj kev ntev thiab nqaim, thaum lub mucous membrane txav, siab nce, uas ua rau mob.
- kev tsim kho tsis raug thiab tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lub cev xeeb tub ua rau kev sib txuas ua ke uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob.
Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob txawm tias thaum kuaj thawj zaug. Ntawm cov cim sab nraud ntawm tus ntxhais, ib tus tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:
- short;
- thinness;
- tsob nroj tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv armpits thiab ntawm pubis;
- pom lub mis thiab lub hauv siab loj hlob rau nws lub hnub nyoog.
Hypoplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam hauv cov menyuam ntxhais tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm kev lag luam hauv kev loj hlob ntawm qhov chaw mos:
- me me labia tsis npog lub clitoris;
- me me qhov chaw mos;
- ncauj tsev menyuam ntev thiab tsis zoo;
- retracted clitoris.
Ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim rau cov ntxhais uas muaj menyuam hauv plab yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm xeeb tub, nquag nchuav menyuam, tsis muaj libido thiab tsis muaj orgasm.
Yuav muaj teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog tus kab mob
Hypoplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam yog qhov tshwm simtxuam nrog comorbidities thiab teeb meem. Nws tuaj yeem yog:
- ntshav tom qab yug menyuam;
- paj yeeb patency;
- tubal cev xeeb tub;
- ntxov thiab nyuaj dhau toxicosis;
- khoom xa tuaj ua ntej;
- teeb meem thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm;
- kev muaj menyuam;
- cev xeeb tub hnyav;
- muaj kev pheej hmoo nchuav menyuam;
- txhim kho cov txheej txheem inflammatory;
- kab mob ntawm lub tsev menyuam (endometrial hypoplasia - raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob yog qhov thinning ntawm cov txheej hauv plab, uas lub embryo txuas thaum lub sijhawm xeeb tub).
Diagnosis
Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas, yog li yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Yuav kom kuaj tau qhov tseeb, tus kws kho mob ua qhov kev kuaj thawj zaug, nrog rau kev sib tham nrog tus neeg mob. Tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, nws tuaj yeem teem caij ntsuas ntxiv:
- kuaj rau kev kuaj xyuas ua haujlwm los txiav txim qhov xwm txheej ntawm anovulation;
- kuaj ultrasound ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv;
- kev sim los txiav txim siab qib ntawm cov tshuaj hormones hauv lub cev (prolactin, progesterone, ketosteroids thiab lwm yam);
- ntsuas qhov dav ntawm cov pob txha hauv plab (lub plab pelvis yog ib qho ntawm cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob);
- teeb tsa qib thiab qib ntawm pob txha loj hlob;
- x-ray ntawm pob txha taub hau;
- MRI ntawm lub hlwb.
Kev kho mob
Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm uterine hypoplasia ntawm 1st degree, nrog rau lwm yam degreeskhoom noj khoom haus muaj kev cuam tshuam loj. Tus ntxhais noj zaub mov yuav tsum muaj ntau yam khoom tsim nyog thiab cov vitamins. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov kev xav ntawm lub hlwb. Nws raug pom zoo kom tsis suav nrog kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau.
Lub hauv paus ntawm kev kho tus kab mob yog kev siv tshuaj hormonal. Lawv txais tos yog, raws li txoj cai, ob peb lub hlis. Kev so tsuas yog ua rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws. Tom qab chav kawm, qhov sib txawv ntawm ob peb lub hlis yog ua, tom qab uas cov chav kawm rov ua dua. Kev siv cov tshuaj hormones nrog kev kho mob raws sij hawm yuav pab txo qis cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob hauv theem 2 thiab 3 ntawm tus kab mob. Stimulation ntawm lub cev tso cai rau koj mus nce qhov loj ntawm lub tsev menyuam mus rau yuav luag ib txwm thiab tswj cov kev kawm ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws. Hypoplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam ntawm qib 1, raws li txoj cai, xav tau kev kho mob mus ntev, thiab kev kho tshuaj hormone yog hloov pauv.
Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj vitamin complexes, uas yuav tsum tau noj ib ntus.
Muaj peev xwm kho ntxiv
Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob tau sau cov txheej txheem ntxiv kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws. Raws li txoj cai, cov no yog cov txheej txheem physiotherapeutic. Lawv tuaj yeem yog:
- magnetotherapy;
- siv lub laser;
- electrostimulation;
- UHF;
- paraffin;
- electrophoresis;
Feem ntau cov txiaj ntsig zoo tau txais los ntawm kev mus xyuas sanatoriums thiab chaw so, nrog rau kev ua luam dej hauv hiav txwvdej, kho nrog av nkos thiab ntsev. Kev kho mob gymnastics thiab massage yog sau thiab nquag siv.
YHypoplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab cev xeeb tub
Tom qab tus ntxhais hnov "kev kuaj mob hypoplasia" ntawm lub tsev menyuam, "nws puas tuaj yeem xeeb menyuam nrog tus kabmob no" yog nws thawj lo lus nug.
Txoj kev loj hlob thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, lub sijhawm hu rau tus kws kho mob thiab kev kho kom raug. Qhov thib ob thiab thib peb theem ntawm tus kab mob yog thim rov qab. Nrog rau txoj hauv kev zoo, kev kho mob ntawm theem 3 tsis siv sijhawm ntau. Tom qab ncav cuag qhov loj ntawm lub tsev menyuam, nws muaj peev xwm xeeb tub, nrog rau kev zoo siab yug me nyuam. Kev kho tus kab mob nyob rau theem ob yog txheej txheem nyuaj uas yuav siv sij hawm ntau thiab siv zog. Txawm hais tias kev kho mob mus ntev, kev xeeb tub yuav tsis tshwm sim. Hypoplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam ntawm qib 1 yuav luag ib txwm tsis suav nrog kev xeeb tub thiab kev yug menyuam. Nrog txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev kho mob, hauv vitro fertilization yog ua tau, uas yog, kev siv cov kev pab cuam ntawm tus niam surrogate.
Cov Lus Qhia
Yog li, kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas txhua lub hnub nyoog, thiab yog tias koj pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ncua mus ntsib kws kho mob. Kev kho mob raws sij hawm thiab kho kom raug yog thawj kauj ruam ntawm kev rov zoo.
