Ib qho kev tsim kho zoo nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm txoj hnyuv hu ua polyp. Lawv muaj ntau qhov sib txawv, tuaj yeem ua ib leeg lossis ntau yam, nyob rau hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, qhov quav polyps yog suav tias yog qhov txaus ntshai pathology uas yuav tsum tau kho kom raws sijhawm. Tus kab mob no nrog ntau yam tsos mob. Kev kuaj mob hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim polyps nce nrog lub hnub nyoog.
Dab tsi yog polyps? Lawv hom
Raws li tau hais ua ntej, polyps yog ntau yam kev loj hlob uas tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam duab. Lawv nyob rau hauv benign formations, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj kev kho mob lawv loj hlob mus rau hauv mob cancer. Lawv loj hlob los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hnyuv, ntau precisely los ntawm nws cov mucosa. Lawv tuaj nrog ntev thiab luv ceg. Polyps yog mos.
Raws li ICD, lub qhov quav polyp tau encrypted K62.1. Qhov kev tsim no, txawm tias nws loj hlob los ntawm txoj hnyuv epithelium, tab sis sab hauvmuaj ib hom ntaub sib txawv kiag li. Hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub no, cov hom polyps no txawv:
- Fibrous. Hom kev tsim no muaj cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory yav dhau los. Feem ntau, lawv tsis degenerate mus rau hauv malignant qog. Tej zaum yuav mob thiab mob plab.
- Adenomatous. Hom kev tsim no muaj cov ntaub so ntswg glandular. Muaj ib txhais ceg txav tau, uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag 30 mm tuab. Yuav rov yug dua tshiab rau hauv oncology.
- Villous. Hom kev tsim no muaj elongated los yog puag ncig kev loj hlob. Qhov saum npoo yog velvety. Ib qho polyp ntawm mos sib xws, raug mob, tuaj yeem los ntshav. Reborn rau hauv oncology.
- Ntau. Cov ntaub ntawv kev kawm tuaj yeem yog hom sib xyaw.
- YDiffuse polyposis. Cov formations loj hlob nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov pab pawg nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov nto ntawm txoj hnyuv.
Nyob rau hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo, polyps hauv qhov quav raug tshem tawm. Txoj kev yog xaiv los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij.
Txoj kev sib cav
Qhov laj thawj tiag tiag ntawm polyps tseem tsis tau tsim, tab sis muaj qhov ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam uas tuaj yeem ua rau lawv kis tau hauv qhov quav. Cov no suav nrog:
- Kev cuam tshuam thiab kev noj zaub mov tsis raug. Yog tias tus neeg mob feem ntau noj cov zaub mov kib, rog, feem ntau yog tsiaj rog, muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm fiber ntau hauv cov zaub mov, ces qhov quav polyps tsim dhau sijhawm.
- Kab mob plab hnyuv ntawm hom mob ntev. Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau ua rawslub tswv yim hais tias cov formations tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv. Cov txheej txheem o ua rau lawv tsim, uas ua rau muaj kev laus sai ntawm cov epithelium.
- Kev cem quav ntawm qhov xwm txheej tas mus li.
- haus luam yeeb, haus, noj ntau dhau.
- Heredity.
- haujlwm me me. Kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua lossis tsis kam ua lub neej nquag tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus kabmob no.
Feem ntau cov mob polyps raug kuaj pom hauv cov neeg mob laus dua 45-50 xyoo.
Polyps hauv qhov quav - cov tsos mob
Txawm qhov twg cov qauv no nyob, lawv txoj kev loj hlob yog nrog los ntawm cov tsos mob sib xws. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog xav txog qhov tseeb tias thawj theem ntawm pathology tsis nrog cov tsos mob tshwm sim, suav nrog mob lossis tsis xis nyob.
Tom qab kev loj hlob ntawm polyps hauv cov hnyuv, nrog rau lawv qhov loj me, tus neeg mob pib pom cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- mob ib ce nyob rau hauv lub qhov quav.
- Mob thiab tsis xis nyob thaum tso zis.
- Fece nrog ntshav impurities.
- khaw cia.
Raws li cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus, nws nyuaj dua kom paub lawv. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov ntshav tawm tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog lwm yam pathologies thiab kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom meej, raws li kev kho mob tau sau tseg. Yog tias qhov xwm txheej tsis saib xyuas dhau lawm, ces kev phais yog ua.
Diagnosis
Tsis tas yuav poob, tus kws tshaj lij sau cov anamnesis, ua rau pom cov tsos mob thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb, tus cwj pwm phem. Ces nws palpates lub qhov quav. Hom kev kawm no pab txheeb xyuas lossis cais tawm lwm yam kab mob hauv cheeb tsam no, xws li hemorrhoids. Hauv cov txiv neej, thaum lub sij hawm palpation, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas qhov mob ntawm prostate.
Sigmoidoscopy kuj tau ua, uas yog hais txog cov txheej txheem kev tshawb fawb. Pab txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas cov phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm txoj hnyuv hauv 20-23 cm txij thaum pib ntawm qhov quav. Feem ntau, polyps nyob rau hauv lub qhov quav los yog sigmoid nyuv.
Tus neeg mob kuj yuav raug sau tseg xws li kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm qhov quav polyps xws li:
- Colonoscopy. Pab ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas qhov mob ntawm txoj hnyuv loj. Txoj kev no yog suav tias yog cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kuaj xyuas cov hom kev tsim no. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev tshawb no, cov mucous nto kuj tau kawm, lwm yam pathologies ntawm thaj chaw no tau tshwm sim. Thaum lub sij hawm colonoscopy, parallel tshem tawm ntawm polyps tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb, uas muaj lub ntsis - lub voj. Nws pounces ntawm tus txheej txheem thiab txiav tawm lub polyp. Tom qab ntawd, thaj chaw yog cauterized. Tom qab ntawd qhov tsim yog kuaj rau histology.
- Irrigoscopia. Pab txheeb xyuas cov polyps loj dua 10 hli uas yuav nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv loj.
- X-ray kuaj. Kev siv tus neeg sawv cev sib txawv.
Hais txogbiopsy, ces nws tsis yog tshuaj rau qhov quav polyps.
Differential Diagnosis
Cov kab mob no feem ntau txawv ntawm lwm yam kab mob ntawm txoj hnyuv. Cov no suav nrog cov kev sib txawv hauv qab no:
- Liab. Nws nyob hauv txoj cai ib nrab ntawm txoj hnyuv, tuaj yeem kis tau thoob plaws hauv cheeb tsam. Maj mam ua loj, nyob rau hauv lub submucosal txheej.
- YNon-epithelial neoplasms. Cov qog ntawm hom no tsis muaj ob txhais ceg loj. Cov no suav nrog: myoma thiab angioma.
- Actinomycosis ntawm txoj hnyuv.
- Crohn's disease. Nws tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm hom no thaum kuaj X-ray.
Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb hauv hom kev kuaj mob no yog muab rau kev kuaj mob histological, uas tau muab rau tus neeg mob tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Kev kuaj mob rau cov menyuam yaus raug xaiv ua tib zoo thiaj li tsis ua mob rau lub cev hluas. Tsis txhob kuaj tus kheej. Tsis tas li, yog tias tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm cov kev kuaj quav txhawm rau kuaj pom muaj cov ntshav nyob hauv pawg.
Kev phom sij ntawm polyps
Cov hom neoplasms no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj thiab ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau lub neej. Vim li cas lawv thiaj txaus ntshai?
- Rebirth mus rau hauv cov qog malignant. Feem ntau, adenomas tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Nws yog villous adenomatous polyps nrog ntau cov txheej txheem thiab lub hauv paus dav uas suav hais tias yog nruj heev, vim tias lawv ua rau muaj kev sib kis sai ntawm cov hlwb tsis zoo.
- plab hnyuv. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj cov tsos mob ntawm polyps nyob rau hauv lub qhov quav, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau nqa tawm yam tsis poob. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias qhov loj me ntawm kev tsim ua rau stagnation ntawm cov quav, vim li ntawd, intoxication ntawm lub cev, lub cev qhuav dej vim electrolyte imbalance. Yog tias kev kho mob raug tso tseg, qhov no yuav ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg necrosis, quav nkag mus rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav, ces mus rau peritonitis thiab tuag.
- Tus mob enterocolitis. Nws tshwm sim vim yog lub plab hnyuv tsis tu ncua, qhov twg cov kab mob maj mam tsim, cov txheej txheem inflammatory tshwm sim. Nrog rau cov tsos mob hnyav.
- YParaproctitis.
- Kev ua txhaum ntawm cov quav thiab tsim cov pob zeb fecal.
- Npaj. Nws tshwm sim vim poob ntshav tas li.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob yuav muaj qhov tawg ntawm qhov quav, uas tshwm sim vim muaj teeb meem nrog cov quav.
kho mob phais
Kev kho mob ntawm polyps hauv qhov quav yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, tsis hais qhov loj ntawm qhov tsim. Kev ua haujlwm raug xaiv tom qab kuaj xyuas, cov khoom siv endoscopic yog siv. Yav dhau los, tus neeg mob yuav tau muab tshuaj loog, tab sis tus txheej txheem nws tus kheej tsis nrog qhov mob. Kev tshem tawm suav nrog ntxig ib qho endoscope rau hauv qhov quav. Cov cuab yeej muaj ib lub voj electrode uas ntes, compresses thiab txiav tawm lub stalk ntawm polyp nyob rau hauv lub qhov quav. Kev ua haujlwm yog nqa tawm hauv cov theem, yog tias qhov loj ntawm qhov tsim yog loj.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov mob lossis kis kab mob, tom qabphais kev cuam tshuam, cauterization yog ua. Rau qhov no, txoj kev ntawm electrocoagulation yog siv. Raws li kev raug mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, nrog rau txoj kev kho mob no tsawg heev, thiab caws pliav yog xyaum tsis tuaj.
Yog tias tus neeg mob tau kuaj pom tias muaj polyposis, cov txheej txheem yuav nyuaj dua. Kev tshem tawm ib feem ntawm cov hnyuv cuam tshuam tuaj yeem ua tau. Tom qab kev cuam tshuam, lub sij hawm rov qab yuav tsum yog ib txwm xav tau, uas suav nrog kev noj tshuaj thiab tswj kev noj zaub mov kom zoo thiab noj qab haus huv.
kev kho tsis cuam tshuam
Kev kho mob polyps yam tsis tau phais txhais tau tias tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo, tab sis tsis yog qhov teeb meem nws tus kheej. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tshem tawm cov formations nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj tsoos tshuaj los yog tshuaj, muaj lub caij nyoog uas qhov teeb meem no tsuas yog aggravated, raws li cov polyp yuav loj hlob thiab loj hlob mus rau ib tug malignant qog.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tsos mob, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj pleev tshwj xeeb thiab cov gels, uas tau muab los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb. Lawv pab tshem tawm qhov mob thiab kho qhov chaw puas ntawm polyp. Kev noj tshuaj thiab chav kawm nyob ntawm qhov tsis saib xyuas qhov xwm txheej.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm polyp ntawm lub qhov quav, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tug kws tshwj xeeb rau qee lub sij hawm, mus rau endoscopy dua kom tsis suav rov qab. Yog tias tsis pom cov formations nyob rau hauv ob xyoos tom qab kev ua haujlwm, ces ib tug colonoscopy yog ua txhua peb xyoos.
Yog tias pom tias cov polyp muaj cov qog nqaij hlav cancer,resection ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm txoj hnyuv yog tam sim ntawd ua. Feem ntau, kev tiv thaiv kev tshem tawm ntawm cov qauv no raug sau tseg. Raws li cov teeb meem tom qab kev cuam tshuam, lawv suav nrog los ntshav, uas tau pom hauv cov neeg mob li 8-10 hnub.
Kev kho mob nrog pej xeem tshuaj
Yog tias tus neeg mob tau kuaj pom tias muaj qhov me me ntawm lub qhov quav, cov tshuaj pej xeem tuaj yeem siv tau, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau, nws raug pom zoo kom siv decoctions thiab infusions ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab:
- Infusion of agrimony. Rau kev ua noj, koj yuav tsum noj 30 g ntawm nyom thiab 0.2 liv ntawm boiling dej, boil tshaj tsawg tshav kub rau 10 feeb. Infuse lub decoction rau 50-65 feeb, ces txias thiab lim. Noj peb zaug ib hnub twg, 100 ml, ib nrab teev ua ntej noj mov.
- Decoction ntawm viburnum berries. Rau kev ua noj, koj yuav tsum noj 30 g ntawm berries thiab 0.3 liv ntawm boiling dej, boil tshaj tsawg tshav kub rau 10-20 feeb. Txias lub broth, lim thiab noj 100 ml peb zaug ib hnub twg.
- Decoction ntawm celandine. Rau kev ua noj, koj yuav tsum noj 15 g ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab ncuav 250 ml ntawm boiling dej, boil tshaj tsawg tshav kub rau 10-20 feeb. Txias thiab lim. Noj 30 g ob zaug ib hnub twg, ib nrab teev ua ntej noj mov.
Tsis tas li, lwm yam khoom siv tau, xws li roj camphor. Enemas kuj tau sau los ntawm decoctions ntawm tshuaj ntsuab.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Nws raug qhia kom ua raws li cov lus qhia tseem ceeb:
- Eat right. Yuav tsum tso tsegfatty, kib thiab lwm yam khoom noj tsis zoo, nrog rau cov khoom qab zib, muffins, khoom noj ceev, dej qab zib, kas fes muaj zog, haus cov nqaij. Noj fiber ntau.
- Haus dej kom ntau li ntau tau.
- Nrog cov qhob cij tag nrho, bran thiab zaub roj hauv koj cov zaub mov.
- Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob haus cawv, haus luam yeeb.
- Tsis txhob noj ntau dhau.
- Ua raws sijhawm kho thiab kuaj.
- Txhob mus ntxiv.
Yog koj ua lub neej noj qab nyob zoo, ces kab mob yuav tsis thab koj.
