txhawm rau kuaj xyuas qee qhov teeb meem ophthalmic, cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tau pom cov nyiaj, uas ua tsis tau yam tsis muaj cov tub ntxhais kawm dag dag dag. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog kev siv tshuaj tshwj xeeb. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav qhov siab tshaj plaws mydriasis tso cai tee uas nthuav cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Kev npaj ntawm pawg no yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Cia peb xav txog ntau yam ntxiv uas cov tee yog siv los kuaj xyuas ntau yam kab mob qhov muag.
Thaum twg cov tub ntxhais kawm dilation xav tau?
Cov menyuam kawm ntawv qhov loj me yog hloov tas li thiab nyob ntawm qhov teeb pom kev zoo. Los ntawm lub qhov me me no, siv lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb - ophthalmoscope - tus kws kho qhov muag tuaj yeem saib hauv lub qhov muag thiab txheeb xyuas cov kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov teeb meem yuav tshwm sim thaum kuaj. Lub teeb tawm los ntawm lub cuab yeej ua rau cov tub ntxhais kawm constriction, uas ua rau nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem zoo li no, cov kws tshaj lij siv cov tee uas nthuav davtub kawm.
Tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov tub kawm ntawv hu ua mydriatics. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov nyiaj no yog los so qee cov leeg ntawm lub qhov muag. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv yog xws li pathologies li retinal detachment, dystrophic hloov. Mydriatics pab ntsuas lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm retina, lens, optic paj hlwb.
Cov tee kuj tuaj yeem muab tshuaj rau cov hom phiaj tshuaj. Piv txwv li, nrog spasm ntawm kev pab, cov tshuaj yuav pab tshem tawm qhov nro ntawm lub qhov muag nqaij. Qhov muag tee yog siv los nthuav cov menyuam kawm ntawv thaum muaj mob ntawm lub cev ntawm qhov muag, thaum phais.
Thaum txiav txim siab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov menyuam yaus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub lens yog immobilized. Mydriatics tseem pab kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig no. Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj cov tshuaj no nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev kuaj mob astigmatism thiab farsightedness.
Nyob zoo thiab nyab xeeb
Cov menyuam kawm ntawv-dilating ophthalmic npaj tau txawv nyob ntawm seb lub tshuab ua haujlwm. Qee cov tee - ncaj qha mydriatics - tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg nqaij ua haujlwm loj rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Cov tee no suav nrog Irifrin, Phenylephrine.
Cov tshuaj thib ob hu ua indirect mydriatics. Lawv so cov leeg lub luag hauj lwm rau pupillary constriction. Cov tee no muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo sib xws rau lwm cov leeg uas kho qhov ua kom pom tseeb. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob. Ntawm cov tshuaj no yog qhov muag tee "Tropikamid", "Midrum",Midriacil.
Atropine poob
Txog tsis ntev los no, cov tshuaj no tau siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm txhua qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub no nws maj mam hloov pauv vim muaj kev kho mob ntev, ntau contraindications thiab nquag tshwm sim ntawm kev phiv tshuaj. Lub active tivthaiv ntawm qhov muag tee - atropine sulfate - yog cov nroj tsuag keeb kwm (alkaloid). Cov tshuaj dilates cov menyuam kawm ntawv thiab nce intraocular siab. Vim li no, qhov chaw nyob tuag tes tuag taw thiab qhov muag tsis pom kev me ntsis ntawm qhov deb.
"Atropine" - tee uas ua rau cov menyuam yaus, tsis tshua siv rau hauv cov kab mob hnyav ntawm cov hlab plawv, cov zis thiab cov hnyuv. Cov tshuaj yog contraindicated thaum cev xeeb tub, lactation thiab ib co ophthalmic pathologies.
Cov nyhuv siab tshaj plaws yog pom 30-40 feeb tom qab instillation ntawm tee thiab nws kav ntev li ob peb hnub. Yog tias cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj tsis nres rau 7-10 hnub, qhov no yog hu ua kev phiv. Cov tshuaj kuj tuaj yeem ua rau kiv taub hau, tachycardia, hyperemia ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm daim tawv muag.
txhais tau tias "Tropicamide": cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv mydriatics thiab cuam tshuam rau cov leeg ciliary ntawm lub qhov muag, uas yog lub luag haujlwm hloov pauv txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv, nrog rau cov sphincter receptors ntawm iris ntawm lub cev pom. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob, qhov kev nthuav dav luv luv ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv tshwm sim, thiab nws txoj kev nqaim yog tiv thaiv.
Cov tshuaj no tsuas yog muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev daws rau instillation rau hauv lub qhov muag. Lub active ingredient ntawm cov tshuaj yog tropicamide. 1 ml ntawm tee yuav muaj 5 lossis 10 mg ntawm cov tshuaj nquag. Cov nyhuv kho tom qab siv cov tee tshwm sim tom qab 5-10 feeb.
Ntev npaum li cas cov tee uas ua rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv, "Tropicamide" ua haujlwm? Lub sijhawm ntawm cov nyhuv kho yog nyob ntawm qhov concentration ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag. Thaum siv 1% kev daws teeb meem, cov nyhuv tshwm sim rau 60 feeb. Qhov concentration no feem ntau yog siv los kuaj mob ophthalmic pathologies hauv cov menyuam yaus. Cov neeg laus cov neeg mob tau sau tshuaj Tropicamide tee nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm 2% tov. Hauv qhov no, cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj yuav kav ntev li 2 teev.
Rules of application
Raws li cov lus piav qhia, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- nyob rau hauv kev kuaj mob ntawm lub lens;
- thaum kuaj cov nyiaj;
- rau ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam;
- nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev phais kev cuam tshuam ntawm retina, lens;
- ua ib feem ntawm txoj kev kho mob hauv kev kho mob ntawm qhov muag;
- kom tiv thaiv kev mob tom qab phais.
Qhov siab ntawm cov tshuaj raug xaiv nyob ntawm qhov xav tau ceev ntawm cov txiaj ntsig kho thiab ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv. Cov tshuaj "Tropikamid" cov lus qhia rau kev siv yog pom zoo kom instilled nrog ib tug dropper, uas yog nruab nrog ib lub raj mis, los yog siv ib tug pipette. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum nkag mus rau hauv qab ntawm lub hnab conjunctival.
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm dilation tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm instilling 1% tov, 1 poob rau hauv txhua lub qhov muag. Yog tias siv cov tshuaj uas muaj qis dua ntawm cov tshuaj nquag siv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua ntej drip ib tee thiab rov ua haujlwm tom qab 5 feeb.
Tropicamide rau menyuam yaus
Ntxhis uas ua rau cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem siv los kuaj pom qhov muag txawm tias cov menyuam yug tshiab. Nws raug tso cai siv tsuas yog kev daws teeb meem ntawm 0.5%. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom diluting tee nrog saline hauv 1: 1 piv tam sim ua ntej siv.
Nyob tsis tshua muaj, cov tshuaj yuav ua rau muaj kev phiv hauv zos: photophobia, kub hnyiab, tsis pom kev acuity, luv luv nce intraocular siab.
