Nkauj hmoob paub txhua tus. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tshuaj tau siv los ntawm tib neeg txij li thaum ub. Muaj ntau hom zib ntab. Ntawm lwm tus yog lub npe hu ua dawb zib mu, qhov muaj txiaj ntsig uas tsis muaj nqi.
Kev piav qhia
Dawb zib ntab yog ib qho zoo tib yam ntuj dawb zib mu, uas yog tau los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nectar yog sau los ntawm zib mu nroj tsuag ntawm tej yam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, zib ntab nroj tsuag tuaj yeem muaj paj ntawm txhua yam xim.
Dawb zib ntab (duab hauv qab) tsis tau txais nws cov xim tam sim ntawd. Freshly pumped, nws yog lub teeb daj, qee zaum nrog ntsuab tinge, thiab tej zaum yuav pob tshab. Nws puv dawb thaum nws yog candied.
zib mu yog dawb, tsis tau txhais hais tias nws yuav tsum yog crystal dawb. Yellowish grey thiab lwm yam ntxoov ntxoo feem ntau yog tam sim no. Crystallizing, dawb zib mu tsis poob nws saj. Thiab txawm kis tau zoo.
Nws hloov tawm tias zib ntab dawb tsis yog ib hom, tab sis ntau hom zib ntab ua ke hauv lub npe no, uas muaj cov xim dawb thiab sib txawv hauv cov khoom xyaw, tsw, ntxoov, saj thiab cov khoom. Ntxiv mus, cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus raug txiav tximnectar ntawm cov zib mu nroj uas nws sau los ntawm muv.
Loot Features
Dawb zib ntab belongs rau hom monofloral. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias feem ntau nectar tau sau los ntawm ib hom nroj tsuag.
Qhov no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim. Yuav kom tau txais cov khoom zoo sib xws, koj yuav tsum nrhiav cov qoob loo ua liaj ua teb (teb ntawm sainfoin, qab zib clover, rapeseed, paj rwb), qus-loj hlob zoo li cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw thiab kom muaj nuj nqis.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no nyuaj ob npaug, vim tias cov paj ntoo tsim nyog yuav tsis tawg rau qhov ntau txhua xyoo.
tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
Dawb zib ntab, yog tias nws yog ntuj, yuav tsis txawv ntawm lwm cov khoom muv hauv nws cov yam ntxwv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov sib txawv yuav nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm kev sau thiab cov nroj tsuag pollinated, tab sis qhov nruab nrab muaj pes tsawg leeg yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Dej - txog li 18%;
- Carbohydrates (feem ntau ntawm fructose thiab qabzib, tsawg m altose, melicitose, thiab lwm yam) - txog li 80%;
- Minerals - mus txog 1%;
- dej-soluble vitamins, proteins, enzymes, dextrins thiab amino acids - mus txog 3%.
Cov tshuaj nquag thiab lawv cov tebchaw muaj nyob hauv cov zib ntab dawb hauv ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm cov duab ntawm txog 400 yam khoom. Cov npe no hloov pauv tas li, uas cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam, tab sis qhov tsis hloov pauv ntawm zib ntab yog:
- Minerals - poov tshuaj, iodine thiab lawv cov tebchaw. Qhov chaw me ntsis hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog nyob ntawm tooj liab, manganese, calcium, selenium, phosphorus, cob alt, aluminium, thiab lwm yam.
- Y Enzymes, proteins, dextrins, amino acids,antioxidants.
- Vitamins - ascorbic thiab folic acids, B vitamins, qee cov carotene, vitamin E, K, PP.
Ntxiv rau, zib ntab dawb muaj phytoncides, phytohormones, roj yam tseem ceeb, organic thiab inorganic acids, uas yog nyob ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas cov paj tau sau los ntawm muv.
Properties
Yog paj muaj qee yam tshuaj, ces zib ntab yuav muaj tib yam tshuaj uas siv los ua tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom yuav tau txais qee yam saj zoo. Cov khoom uas muaj rau txhua yam ntawm cov zib ntab dawb yog:
- tshuaj tua kab mob;
- tshuaj tua kab mob;
- antipyretic;
- tonic;
- sedative;
- diuretic;
- choleretic;
- laxatives.
Cov khoom teev cia tso cai rau koj siv cov khoom kom muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob thiab rov zoo dua. Txhim kho cov metabolism, ua kom cov metabolism sai.
Whipped mus rau ib tug creamy sib xws, dawb zib ntab yog ntse siv nyob rau hauv cosmetology los kho cov tawv nqaij laus, lymphatic kua, txhim kho complexion, txo ntau yam mob, noj, kho microcracks thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, zib ntab yog siv los ntxuav cov tawv nqaij ntawm impurities thiab tshem tawm cov tawv nqaij tuag.
Y Dawb zib ntab tau siv ntau pua xyoo rau kev mob khaub thuas raws caij nyoog, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, bronchitis. Nws siv tau pab nrog mob khaub thuas, mob ntsws thiab txawm mob ntsws ntsws. Rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob no yog sivtshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv kab mob, bactericidal thiab analgesic zog ntawm dawb zib mu.
Yog cov khoom siv nrog rau cov tshuaj, nws yuav txhim kho lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev, thiab tseem pab txo cov kab mob.
YContraindications
Nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm zib ntab dawb, kuj tseem muaj contraindications. Qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas cov khoom lag luam muaj ntau cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg, paj ntoos nplej thiab carbohydrates.
Pollen yeej ib txwm yog ib qho ua xua ua xua. Yog li ntawd, cov zib ntab dawb tsis tuaj yeem noj los ntawm txhua tus. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau liab thiab khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, teeb meem digestive thiab txawm Quincke's edema.
Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum siv zib ntab dawb tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho mob endocrinologist, vim nws muaj cov carbohydrates ntau. Cov neeg noj zaub mov tsis muaj carb yuav tsum tau kho lawv cov zaub mov thaum siv cov khoom no.
Kev ceev faj heev, zib ntab dawb yuav tsum siv los ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, niam laus thiab menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos. Phytohormones thiab alkaloids hauv paj ntoos tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau tus menyuam lub cev. Cov kws kho mob qhia kom tshem tawm cov zib ntab dawb los ntawm kev noj haus rau cov neeg no, kom tsis txhob ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo thiab muaj teeb meem.
Candied process
Sanding lossis crystallization ntawm cov zib ntab dawb yog cov txheej txheem ntuj thiab ntuj uas nyob ntawm ntau yam xwm txheej thiab yam. Ib qho ntawm lawv yog cov khoom ntawm cov piam thaj, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov zib ntab yog kwv yees li 35 - 50% ntawm tag nrho.cov suab thaj.
Glucose crystallizes sai dua lwm cov suab thaj. Piv txwv li, fructose zoo ib yam li nws nyob rau hauv tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis txawv nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov molecule thiab yog heev nyuaj rau crystallize. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias muaj ntau fructose nyob rau hauv zib mu, ces nws yuav tsis tau candied rau lub sij hawm ntev.
Qhov ceev ntawm cov txheej txheem crystallization ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm cov piam thaj thiab fructose hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Heather zib ntab, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv qabzib, crystallizes yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab siv, thaum acacia zib ntab tseem ua kua rau ntau lub hlis ntawm chav tsev kub vim, koj twv nws, ntau ntawm fructose. Cov xwm txheej khaws cia ntawm cov khoom kuj cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem no.
Storage condition
Lub txee lub neej ntawm cov zib ntab dawb yog nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej uas nws nyob. Yog tias cov khoom raug khaws cia tsis raug, nws stratifies, kis tus ntxhiab tsw thiab saj, thiab poob tag nrho nws cov txiaj ntsig.
Chav tsev uas zib ntab yuav tsum tiv thaiv los ntawm nag lossis daus, muaj ntxhiab tsw phem, tshav ntuj ncaj qha thiab kab tsuag. Tsis txhob khaws zib mu ib sab ntawm dos thiab hmoov, xim thiab kua roj vanish thiab combustible, polymer khoom thiab tshuaj lom.
Cia kub tuaj yeem nyob nruab nrab ntawm 4 ° C thiab 10 ° C, qhov no yog qhov zoo tagnrho. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 40 ° C, uas yuav ua rau tsis zoo, thiab ntawm -36 ° C zib ntab yuav khov, txo qis hauv ntim.
Txhawm rau kom cov kua sib xws ntawm cov khoom, qhov kub yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 16 txog 20 ° C. Yog hais tias nws poob qis dua 14 ° C, ces zib mu crystallizes, thiab cov txheej txheem yog irreversible. Lub sij hawm ntev cia ntawm qhov kub ntawm 11 - 19 ° C tuaj yeem ua rau fermentation.
Cov zib ntab yog khaws cia hauv chav tsev kub nrog qhov txo qis rau 4 ° C. Yog tias nws tsim nyog khaws cov khoom rau lub sijhawm ntev (ib xyoos lossis ntau dua), nws raug nquahu kom khaws qhov kub tsis siab tshaj 10 ° C nrog cov av noo hauv 60%. Cov av noo ntau dua yuav ua rau qaub ncaug.
Lub thawv tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev khaws cia yog lub khob ntim nrog lub hau yas nruj. Hauv tsev, qhov chaw cia khoom zoo tshaj plaws yuav yog lub tub yees, qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tau teem tsawg kawg 4 ° C. Yog tias cov zib ntab khaws cia rau hauv ib lub cellar qhov kub thiab txias tib lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov hau hlau kom tsis txhob raug cov av noo hauv qhov chaw no.
Raws li kev cia kom raug, cov zib ntab dawb yuav tsis lwj rau ntau xyoo (txog li tsib xyoos), tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los noj nws hauv ib xyoos tom qab tso dej kom paub tseeb tias tag nrho nws cov txiaj ntsig tau khaws cia.
ntau yam
Muaj ntau yam ntawm cov zib ntab dawb. Yeej, cov khoom raug cais raws li hom zib ntab nroj tsuag. Ntawm cov hom nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov zib ntab dawb yog Bashkir dawb, acacia, akuraevy, fireweed, qab zib clover, linden, raspberry, cottonseed. Txhua tus muaj qhov tshwj xeeb saj thiab muaj ntau yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig.
Bashkir
Dawb Bashkir zib ntab yog sau los ntawm muv nyob rau hauv hav zoov ntawm Bashkiria, qhov chaw uas muaj ntau ntau zib mu nroj tsuag nrog tshuaj. Cov khoom no yog cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, muaj qhov ntom ntomsib xws thiab cov ntsiab lus dej tsawg. Nws muaj cov qauv pob tshab nrog me ntsis yellowish tint. Bashkir dawb zib ntab yog qhov tshwj xeeb.
Muaj ntau dua 350 zib ntab nroj tsuag loj hlob hauv Bashkiria. Raws li ib tug version, lub npe ntawm lub koom pheej yog txhais li "lub taub hau ntawm ib tug muv." Bashkir dawb zib mu muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ntau cov lus qhia. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm cov zib ntab no yog nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob vim muaj cov enzyme hu ua inhibin.
Acacia zib mu
zib ntab yog muab rho tawm los ntawm muv los ntawm cov paj dawb acacia. Nws muaj ib tug me ntsis saj thiab qab ntxiag aroma. Nws tseem nyob hauv daim ntawv ua kua kom txog thaum pib lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Tom qab tso dej, nws yog kua heev, pob tshab thiab tsis muaj xim, zoo li dej. Muaj crystallized, nws tau txais qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom dawb nrog cov nplej zoo.
Cov zib ntab no tau pom zoo rau ntshav qab zib vim nws nqus tau yam tsis muaj kev pab ntawm insulin. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm dawb acacia zib ntab yog nws hypoallergenicity, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li pom zoo rau cov menyuam yaus. Nws pab nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kab mob qhov muag, normalizes ntshav siab, hormonal tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm cov poj niam, txhim kho daim siab thiab lub raum ua haujlwm.
Yog dawb zib ntab
Ib yam tsis tshua muaj txawm tias qhov chaw cog qoob loo, thiab cov no yog Bashkiria, Kazakhstan thiab Central Asia. Cov zib ntab cog yog psoralea drupe lossis akkuray. Tom qab tso dej, dawb akura zib ntab yuav luag pob tshab, tab sis nws crystallizes sai heev, ua zoo lion ice cream nrog yellowish tint. Nws yuav luag tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw, tsuas yog me ntsis koj tuaj yeem ntes cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab ntawm tshuaj ntsuab hauv nws. Cov saj tsis qab zib, muag heev thiab qaub. Tom qab crystallization, nws muaj ib tug nplua-grained qauv, thiab nws yuav muab tau yooj yim scooped rau hauv ib diav.
Cov zib ntab muaj tseeb tuaj yeem noj tau los ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab cov neeg saib xyuas qhov hnyav vim tias nws muaj calories tsawg. Nws pab nrog beriberi, nws yog khoom noj khoom haus, calms cov hlab ntsha. Feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Poob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 40 ° C. Paub txog nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
Cyprian dawb zib ntab
zib ntab nroj yog fireweed los yog Ivan-tshuaj yej. Tom qab tso dej, zib ntab yog lub teeb heev, thiab thaum crystallized, nws yog creamy los yog dawb nrog cov sib xws ntawm qaub cream. Nws tsw qab ntawm Ivan tshuaj yej paj maj mam thiab maj mam.
Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm fireweed dawb zib ntab tau raug pov thawj ntev. Nws siv yog qhia nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub plab. Tsis tas li ntawd, fireweed zib ntab pab nrog kev mob plab hnyuv thiab kab mob ntawm duodenum, mob khaub thuas, tonsillitis, mob khaub thuas thiab mob ntsws. Kho qhov txhab thiab kub hnyiab, soothes taub hau, txhim kho cov ntshav ncig thiab pab nrog insomnia.
Kiprey zib ntab tau lub npe menyuam yaus "txiv neej" rau nws lub peev xwm kho mob ntawm prostate caj pas thiab cov kab mob genitourinary. Nws saj tsis nplua nuj heev, yog li no ntau yam zoo meej rau ci thiab tshuaj yej.
Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm zib ntab yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Nws muaj tag nrho cov tshuaj thaj tsam ntawm zib mu nroj tsuag, los ntawm uas nectar tau sau los ntawm muv. Ntawmkev ceev faj hauv kev siv, nrog rau qhov muag rau contraindications, cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem siv zib ntab, txaus siab rau qhov zoo saj thiab aroma ntawm cov khoom.
