Neurological syndrome: hom, piav qhia, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Neurological syndrome: hom, piav qhia, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Neurological syndrome: hom, piav qhia, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Neurological syndrome: hom, piav qhia, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Neurological syndrome: hom, piav qhia, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Video: Санаторий Центрсоюз Белокуриха.Алтай .Хорошая лечебная база.#Алтай #Центрсоюзбелокуриха 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Txhua tus tib neeg lub neej feem ntau nyob ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb. Yog li ntawd, cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev ua rau lawv tus kheej hnov los ntawm pom tseeb thiab qee zaum cov tsos mob hnyav. Ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob zoo li no yog neurological syndromes. Lawv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas, txij li lawv cov tsos qhia tau hais tias kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem txaus ntshai, cuam tshuam tsis zoo.

Neurological Syndrome

Yuav kom nkag siab txog qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam, koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias tus mob nws tus kheej yog dab tsi. Qhov kev txhais no yog siv los piav qhia txog cov tsos mob uas muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo sib xws. Lo lus no tso cai rau koj los ua qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab yooj yim dua. Hauv lwm lo lus, lo lus "sydrome" yog siv los piav txog ib pawg ntawm cov tsos mob, tsis yog ib qho tshwj xeeb.

neurological syndrome
neurological syndrome

Nws yuav tsum to taub tias cov lus no tsis yog ib txwm haum rau kev piav qhia tus kab mob, vim tias tom kawg tuaj yeem ua ke ntau yam mob. Yog li ntawd, kev txiav txim siab txog tus neeg mob tus mob feem ntau xav tau kev tsim nyog thiab kev paub dhau los.

Keygroup

Yog tias koj kawm txog cov kab mob neurological tseem ceeb,tom qab ntawd nws yuav pom tau tias qee qhov ntawm lawv zoo sib xws, thiab yog li ntawd tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv qee pawg. Qhov tseeb, peb tab tom tham txog peb pawg neeg tshaj plaws:

- Vestibular syndrome. Muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb. Cov tsos mob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog heev ci, yog li nws yog heev nyuaj rau confuse nws nrog rau lwm yam manifestations. Kev tsis khov thiab kiv taub hau tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau tias yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb.

- Neurological syndrome cuam tshuam nrog lub cev musculoskeletal. Qhov no suav nrog ntau hom nqaij leeg tsis muaj zog thiab tuag tes tuag taw. Feem ntau ua rau muaj teeb meem tuag tes tuag taw yog mob stroke, txawm tias polio tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus mob zoo sib xws.

- Pain Syndrome. Cov pab pawg no tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov neeg mob ntau dua li lwm tus. Cov tsos mob nyob rau hauv pawg no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov mob hnyav. Ua piv txwv, nws ua rau kev nkag siab zoo rau cov paj hlwb neuralgia, ua rau mob hnyav hauv nraub qaum thiab taub hau.

- Nce intracranial siab vim muaj cov kab mob neuralgic ntau yam.

Syndromes thaum ntxov

Cov menyuam yaus, ib yam li cov neeg laus, muaj kev cuam tshuam rau ntau yam kab mob. Vim li no, cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tau ua nrog ntau yam kab mob hauv cov neeg mob ntawm pawg hnub nyoog yau.

gerstmann syndrome
gerstmann syndrome

Raws li cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb, lawv zoo li no:

1. Convulsive syndrome. Yog hais tias tus me nyuam muaj convulsions, qhov no yuav txhais tau hais tias lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg puas nrog irritation ntawm tej qhov chaw ntawm lub hlwb. nyob ntawmLos ntawm lub hnub nyoog, xws li ib tug neurological syndrome tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej los ntawm kev convulsions ntawm cov ceg, ob lub qhov muag thiab cov leeg ntawm lub ntsej muag. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog paub tias qhov convulsions lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem yog clonic thiab tonic. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv ntes tag nrho lub cev los yog txav ntawm ib feem ntawm nws mus rau lwm qhov. Tus mob no qee zaum nrog ua pa nyuaj, tso quav thiab tso zis, lossis tom tus nplaig.

2. Cov teebmeem ntawm cerebrovascular syndrome. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm tus mob no yog kev qaug zog neuropsychic sai uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev muaj zog lossis lub hlwb impulses. Nws tuaj yeem yog kab mob, kev ntxhov siab, ntau yam loads thiab kev xav. Yog li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm lub peev xwm los tswj cov khoom thiab ua si ua si. Kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xav tsis txaus ntseeg. Thaum kawg ntawm hnub, cov tsos mob yuav nce ntxiv.

3. Qhov teeb meem ntawm hypertensive-hydrocephalic syndrome. Nws tshwm sim vim qhov nce hauv intracranial siab, ua raws li kev nthuav dav ntawm cerebrospinal kua qhov chaw ntawm pob txha taub hau vim qhov tseeb tias cov kua dej ntau dhau hauv lawv. Ib pawg zoo sib xws ntawm cov tsos mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub taub hau, bulging ntawm fontanel thiab hydrocephalus.

4. Syndrome ntawm hyperexcitability. Qhov teeb meem no ua rau nws tus kheej hnov los ntawm qhov tshwm sim xws li kev pw tsaug zog tsis txaus siab, kev xav tsis txaus ntseeg thiab lub cev tsis muaj zog. Tom qab kuaj xyuas, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho qhov txo qis hauv qhov pib ntawm kev npaj txhij, kev txav mus los ntawm pathological thiab nce hauv kev xav.kev zoo siab.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb uas qhia tias tus kab mob no rov tshwm sim dua lossis ua rau qaug zog ntev dua rau lub hlis. Thiab peb tab tom tham txog kev qaug zog ntawm lub cev thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws.

Hais txog daim ntawv rov tshwm sim, nws tsim nyog sau cia qhov tseeb hauv qab no: nws tuaj yeem ua kom hnyav heev uas nws yuav ua kom pom tseeb ua tus thawj coj nrog cov tsos mob. Qhov teeb meem ntawm no yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias tus mob no tsis tuaj yeem nruab nrab nrog kev so, vim tias tus neeg mob qhov kev ua haujlwm poob qis hauv txhua qhov ntawm nws lub neej.

Yog tias peb tham txog cov tsos mob ntawm CFS kom meej meej, ces peb yuav tsum tau hais txog qhov tshwm sim hauv qab no:

- mob leeg;

- hnov mob tsis zoo tom qab lub cev ua si, uas kav ib ncig ntawm lub moos;

chronic fatigue syndrome cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
chronic fatigue syndrome cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

- o mob qog nqaij hlav, axillary thiab ncauj tsev menyuam tshwj xeeb;

- mob pob qij txha, tsis nrog cov tsos mob ntawm o lossis o;

- impaired concentration thiab nco;

- mob caj pas;

- pw tsaug zog loj heev;

- mob taub hau.

Mob nkees nkees, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob uas txaus siab rau ntau tus neeg mob, yog qhov teeb meem ceev heev, yog li cov kws kho mob muaj kev paub txaus los kuaj xyuas kom raug thiab sau cov kev ntsuas kho. Tab sis feem ntau, kev kho mob los mus rau lub koom haum ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo, normalization ntawm kev noj haus txhua hnub, nrog rau kev siv cov zaub mov thiabvitamins. Cov cwj pwm phem kuj yuav tsum tau tso tseg, nrog rau kev ua si ntev nyob ze ntawm TV. Hloov chaw, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv rau yav tsaus ntuj taug kev hauv huab cua ntshiab.

Hais txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho mob nyuaj, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov khoom hauv qab no:

- normalization ntawm tsoom fwv ntawm loads thiab so;

- hnub yoo mov thiab kev noj haus;

- aromatherapy thiab massage;

- tshem tawm ntau yam kab mob ntev uas ua rau txoj kev kho mob nyuaj;

- kev siv tshuaj yog tias lwm yam txhais tau tias tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kab mob neurological;

- physiotherapy ce thiab dej txheej txheem.

Hais txog tshuaj, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias nrog cov teeb meem zoo li no, cov tshuaj tranquilizers, sorbents, immunomodulators yog qhov cuam tshuam, thiab rau kev ua xua - tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Ntawm ntawm radial neuropathy

Nov yog lwm hom mob hlwb uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog vim kev puas tsuaj los yog pinching ntawm lub paj hlwb radial, cov tsos mob tshwm sim heev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub Upper extremities. Qhov xwm zoo yog qhov teeb meem zoo li no tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Qhov no txhais tau tias tag nrho cov tsos mob tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo.

Qhov laj thawj vim li cas radial neuropathy txhim kho yog qhov yooj yim heev. Peb tab tom tham txog kev txiav, pob txha, nqaij tawv thiab lwm yam kev raug mob ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm compression ntawm cov hlab ntsha radial tshwm sim. Qee zaum thaum raug mobcov hlab ntsha nws tus kheej tsis cuam tshuam, tab sis cov caws pliav uas tom qab ntawv tso siab rau nws, thiab vim li no, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tshwm sim. Cov tsos mob ntawm hom kab mob neuropathy no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob mus ntev rau lub paj hlwb uas tshwm sim los ntawm nws qhov kev sib txhuam tas li tawm tsam qhov ntse ntug ntawm cov leeg thaum lub sij hawm ntev tes loading. Kev siab dhau los ntawm crutches thiab tourniquets tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas.

radial neuropathy
radial neuropathy

Cov tsos mob ntawm radial neuropathy yog qhov pom tseeb: cov ntiv tes ntawm xib teg tsis tuaj yeem khoov thiab ncaj nraim ib txwm, txhua qhov kev txav ntawm tes, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntiv tes, ua teeb meem. Muaj qhov nro ntawm cov leeg uas flex tes raws li cov nqaij fibers uas extensor lub forearm yog stretched.

Thaum cov tsos mob zoo li no ua rau lawv tus kheej hnov, thawj qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua yog siv lub pob txha caj npab thiab txhais tes. Yuav kom kov yeej qhov teeb meem no, feem ntau siv txoj kev khaws cia: noj cov vitamins B, da dej paraffin, hluav taws xob stimulation thiab massage. Kev phais mob los kho cov haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha radial yog qhov tsawg heev. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, kom rov zoo tag nrho, koj yuav tsum tau mus rau kev kho mob ntawm kev tawm dag zog.

Progressive sclerosing polydystrophy

Qhov teeb meem no muaj lwm lub npe - Alpers syndrome. Lub essence ntawm tus kab mob no yog txo mus rau ib tug deficiency ntawm lub zog metabolism enzymes. Cov tsos mob ntawm polydystrophy tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov, feem ntau yog 1-2 xyoos.

Ua ntej, qhov tshwm sim dav dav lossis ib nrab qaug dab peg tshwm sim, thiabmyoclonus, uas yog txaus resistant rau anticonvulsant kho. Cov teeb meem tsis xaus rau ntawd. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj kev ncua ntawm lub cev thiab kev loj hlob ntawm psychomotor, cov leeg nqaij hypotension, nce tendon reflexes, spastic paresis, nrog rau kev poob ntawm kev txawj ntse uas tau txais ua ntej. Tsis txhob suav nrog kev hnov lus thiab tsis pom kev, ntuav, qaug zog, kev loj hlob ntawm hepatomegaly, jaundice thiab txawm tias daim siab tsis ua haujlwm, uas tsis muaj peev xwm kho tau raws sijhawm tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.

Tam sim no, ib qho kev kho kom zoo ntawm Alpers syndrome tseem tsis tau tsim, yog li cov kws kho mob ua haujlwm ib kauj ruam nrog txhua tus tsos mob. Needless hais, yog tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob nyob rau hauv xws li mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, nws tsis muaj peev xwm kom tau ib tug tangible txhim kho.

Shaye-Drager Syndrome

Raws li lub npe no tsis paub rau ntau tus, qhov teeb meem loj heev tau muab zais - multisystem atrophy. Xws li kev kuaj mob yog tsim yog tias tus neeg mob muaj qhov mob hnyav ntawm lub paj hlwb autonomic. Qhov tseeb, peb tab tom tham txog cov kab mob tsawg tsawg uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb ntawm lub paj hlwb, thiab tseem ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab parkinsonism.

Cov kws kho mob tseem tsis tuaj yeem sau tag nrho cov laj thawj ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau. Tab sis lawv zoo li ntseeg tias qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cerebellar yog hauv paus hauv tus neeg mob cov cuab yeej cuab tam caj ces.

Raws li kev kho mob, txhawm rau txhawm rau cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob tus mob, koj yuav tsum ua ntej kom paub tseeb tias koj yuav tsum tau nrogShy-Drager syndrome, thiab tsis nrog lwm yam kab mob uas muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws (Parkinson's disease, thiab lwm yam). Lub ntsiab ntawm kev kho mob yog neutralize cov tsos mob. Cov kws kho mob tseem tsis tau muaj peev xwm kov yeej tag nrho cov kev ua txhaum ntawm lub hlwb ua haujlwm.

Kev phom sij ntawm Bruns Syndrome

Nov yog lwm pab pawg ntawm cov tsos mob feem ntau ze rau cov kab mob neurological. Qhov ua rau ntawm tus mob no yog qhov occlusion ntawm CSF txoj hauv kev ntawm theem ntawm lub paj hlwb aqueduct lossis lub foramen ntawm Magendie.

Yog tias peb xav txog Bruns syndrome los ntawm prism ntawm cov tsos mob, ces daim duab yuav ua raws li nram no: ua pa thiab mem tes mob, ntuav, kiv taub hau, mob taub hau, tsis nco qab, ataxia, tsis ua hauj lwm hauv cov leeg nqaij thiab tremor.

Bruns Syndrome
Bruns Syndrome

Kev ceev faj yuav tsum tau them rau cov tsos mob ntawm qhov muag. Qhov no yog amaurosis dhau lawm, strabismus, ptosis, diplopia, nrog rau qhov txo qis ntawm lub pob txha rhiab heev. Qee zaum, o ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab nws cov atrophy tom qab raug kaw.

Lub cev qhuav dej, ventriculopuncture, nrog rau ntau yam mob plawv thiab tshuaj tonic (caffeine, Kordiamin, Korglikon) yog siv los kho tshuaj pleev. Nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob kev loj hlob algorithm, kev phais yuav raug qhia.

Wernicke's Encephalopathy

Qhov teeb meem neurological no loj heev. Nws kuj tseem hu ua Gaye-Wernicke syndrome. Qhov tseeb, peb tab tom tham txog kev puas tsuaj rau lub hypothalamus thiab midbrain. Raws livim li cas rau cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tsis muaj thiamine hauv tus neeg mob lub cev. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias tus mob no tuaj yeem yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev haus dej cawv, tsis muaj vitamin B1 thiab ua kom lub cev qaug zog.

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb muaj xws li tsis meej pem, chim siab, tsis sib haum xeeb, apathy thiab tuag tes tuag taw ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub qhov muag. Yuav kom tau txais kev kuaj mob kom raug, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob hlwb.

Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus mob los ntawm kev muab thiamine rau tus neeg mob li 5-6 hnub. Hypomagnesemia, yog tias tsim nyog, raug kho los ntawm kev noj magnesium oxide lossis magnesium sulfide.

YWright syndrome

lo lus no yog siv los txhais cov kev sib xyaw ntawm acroparesthesia nrog qhov mob hauv cov leeg nqaij me me, nrog rau cov kab mob trophic thiab blanching hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov ntiv tes thiab tes nws tus kheej. Cov kev xav zoo li no tshwm sim yog tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov paj hlwb ntawm lub brachial plexus thiab cov hlab ntsha ntawm thaj tsam axillary. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub xub pwg nyom thiab nro ntawm pectoralis me, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, presses cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha.

Wright's Syndrome yog txhais los ntawm cov tsos mob xws li xim daj ntseg ntawm cov ntiv tes thiab tes, lawv qhov loog thiab cov tsos mob ntawm o. Tab sis qhov tshwm sim tseem ceeb yog qhov mob hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov leeg pectoral thiab lub xub pwg nyom. Feem ntau, nrog rau qhov muaj zog ntawm lub xub pwg nyom hauv cov hlab ntsha radial, lub plawv dhia ploj.

Wright Syndrome
Wright Syndrome

Tus mob no tsuas yog kho tom qab nws txawv ntawm lwm yam kab mob zoo sib xws. Thaum ib qho kev kuaj mob raug ua tiav, ntau yam physiological thiabkho cov dej num. Qee zaum, kev ua haujlwm yuav cuam tshuam.

Koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi txog Gerstmann's syndrome?

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm tus mob no tau txo qis rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm digital agnosia, alexia, agraphia, autotopagnosia, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm txoj cai sab laug. Yog tias cov txheej txheem pathological kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub paj hlwb cortex, hemianopsia, hnov aphasia thiab astereogosia tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tus kheej hnov.

Gerstmann's syndrome yog ncaj qha ntsig txog cov txheej txheem kev puas tsuaj hauv thaj chaw sib koom ntawm sab laug parietal lobe ntawm lub hlwb. Hauv lub xeev no, tus neeg mob ib feem tsis paub txog nws lub cev. Qhov no manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm sab xis ntawm sab laug. Cov neeg uas muaj tus mob no tsis tuaj yeem ua cov lej lej yooj yim thiab sau ntawv, txawm hais tias lawv lub siab tsis ua haujlwm ib txwm.

cuam tshuam ntawm kev hloov pauv syndromes

Qhov no yog tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev puas tsuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub cev. Alternating syndromes yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau tus txha caj qaum thiab ib nrab ntawm lub hlwb. Cov tsos mob no qee zaum ua rau muaj kev raug mob ntawm lub hlwb los yog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab lub hlwb.

Cov kws kho mob ib ntus kuaj cov kab mob sib txawv ntawm ntau yam hauv qab no: sib xyaw nrog kev sib txawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj, bulbar, peduncular thiab pontine. Nrog xws li ib tug ntau ntawm hom, cov tsos mob yuav txawv heev: lag ntseg, oculomotor thiab pupillary mob, mob insufficiency ntawm ntuj tswj, dysgenetic.syndromes, obstructive hydrocephalus, thiab lwm yam.

alternating syndromes
alternating syndromes

Tshaj tawm cov xwm txheej no los ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab thiab nws thaj tsam.

Raws li kev kho mob, nws lub koom haum feem ntau nyob ntawm pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tsos mob thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob tshaj lij.

Results

Qhov teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob neurological txhawj xeeb rau ntau tus neeg, thiab, hmoov tsis, cov kws kho mob tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tsis zoo rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tus kab mob. Vim li no, nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab ua ntu zus los tiv thaiv kev kuaj mob ntawm lub xeev ntawm lub hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem tshwm sim nyob rau theem ntawm lawv qhov pib.

Pom zoo: