X-ray yog ib txoj hauv kev tshaj plaws ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv chaw soj nstuam, uas yog siv rau ntau thaj chaw tshuaj. Nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas ntau yam kab mob thiab pathologies thiab pib kho raws sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, tib neeg lub cev raug xa mus rau X-ray hluav taws xob, uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau nws thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qee yam teeb meem. Undoubtedly, cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no tau tsim los siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab uas txo qis qhov txaus ntshai, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus neeg ntshai mus rau hauv tsev kho mob. Txhawm rau tshem tawm lawv cov kev ntshai, cia peb txheeb xyuas seb koj tuaj yeem nqa x-ray yam tsis muaj teeb meem rau kev noj qab haus huv. Peb kuj tseem yuav saib ob peb txoj hauv kev uas koj tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim teeb meem hluav taws xob.
Qhov no yog dab tsi?
Dab tsi yog kev kuaj ntshav? Peb coob leej tau hnov lo lus no tab sis tsis to taub tag nrho nws lub ntsiab lus. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no uas tso cai rau koj los kawm kom ntxaws txog cov qauv hauv lub cev. Nws tau pom nyob rau xyoo 1895 los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb German Wilhelm Roentgen, tom qab uas nws muaj npe.
Ib lub tshuab kuaj x-ray yog siv rau kev kawm. Nws xa hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm tib neeg lub cev, ua kom pom cov duab ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tshwj xeeb. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog nws, tus kws kho mob yuav tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog kawm txog tus kab mob xwb, tab sis kuj yuav tau txais cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog nws qhov keeb kwm thiab theem ntawm chav kawm.
Hnub no, kev kuaj hluav taws xob tau siv ntau thaj chaw tshuaj:
- traumatology;
- kev kho hniav;
- pneumology;
- gastroenterology;
- oncology.
Dhau li ntawm cov tshuaj, radiography yog dav siv hauv kev lag luam. Nrog nws cov kev pab, cov tuam ntxhab ntawm ntau pawg ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem tshawb pom txawm tias muaj qhov tsis xws luag, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom tiav.
Cov duab qhia dab tsi?
Cia peb saib kom ze rau qhov no. Ntau tus neeg txaus siab rau qhov x-rays qhia. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, nrog nws cov kev pab, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem lees paub lossis tsis lees paub qhov muaj yuav luag txhua yam pathology. Qhov kev kuaj mob zaum kawg yog ua tom qab txiav txim siab cov duab, qhia tag nrho cov duab ntxoov ntxoo infiltrated thiab cov kab noj hniav, uas tuaj yeem yog cov khoom txawv teb chaws, inflammatory lossis lwm yam pathological.syndrome. Tib lub sijhawm, X-ray nyeem ntawv yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo heev. Nws muab lub sijhawm tsis yog los txheeb xyuas tus kabmob, tab sis kuj los ntsuas nws qhov hnyav thiab daim ntawv ntws.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic rays ntawm lub cev
Qhov no yuav tsum tau muab tshwj xeeb. Ntau tus neeg xav tias fluorography thiab x-rays yog qhov txaus ntshai tiag tiag. Ob txoj kev muaj ntau qhov sib txawv, tab sis muaj ib qho kev nthuav dav: thaum lub sij hawm kuaj mob, tib neeg lub cev raug rau X-ray hluav taws xob nrog luv wavelengths. Yog li ntawd, ionization ntawm atoms thiab molecules tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg mos, vim lawv cov qauv hloov.
Kev raug tshuaj ntau heev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem loj, xws li:
- kab mob kis;
- kev puas tsuaj rau hauv nruab nrog cev;
- tawv nqaij hlawv;
- extensive internal los ntshav.
Raws li tag nrho cov saum toj no, ib tug neeg tuag hauv ob peb teev tom qab kis tau. Raws li rau cov koob tshuaj me me uas X-rays cuam tshuam nrog, kuj muaj kev phom sij. Lawv qhov kev noj haus tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem ua rau exacerbation ntawm cov kab mob ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm cov kev hloov caj ces uas tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev xeeb tub.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob Zoo
Ntau tus neeg xav paub ntau npaum li cas yog qhov koob tshuaj hluav taws xob rau x-ray? Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev los teb cov lus nug no unequivocally, vim txhua yam ntawm no nyob ntawm hom khoom siv. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem paub tseebtias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb. Ib koob tshuaj tuag yog 15 Sv, thaum rau cov khoom siv niaj hnub no nws yog ob peb puas npaug tsawg dua, yog li tsis muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej. Tab sis raws li cov kws tshaj lij, yog tias koj tau kuaj pom hluav taws xob ntau dhau lawm, ces qee qhov kev puas tsuaj yog ua rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv tau mob siab rau ntau lub sijhawm los kawm txog kev mob x-rays. Nws tau raug tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb txhua xyoo koob tshuaj hluav taws xob yog 500 m3v. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws kho mob hauv tsev tab tom sim txo nws mus rau 50 m3v. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias txhua hnub tib neeg raug hluav taws xob tom qab, uas tsis ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau kev noj qab haus huv, tab sis maj mam nce hauv lub cev.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov kws kho mob suav cov koob tshuaj nyab xeeb ntawm tus kheej rau txhua tus neeg mob. Qhov no coj mus rau hauv tus account nws cov duab kho mob, kev ua neej nyob, ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob thiab radioactive keeb kwm yav dhau nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw nyob. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais yog sau rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kho mob thiab siv los tswj cov hluav taws xob tau txais los ntawm tus neeg mob. Yog tias qhov kev txwv tsis pub dhau lawm, ces X-rays tsis tau teem sijhawm kom txog thaum kawg ntawm lub sijhawm.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj yuav tshwm sim?
Cia peb saib kom ze rau qhov no. Fluorography thiab x-rays tsis yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb yog tias lawv ua tsis tau ntau tshaj ib xyoos ib zaug. Kev tshwm sim tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem ua rau tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau cov kab mob uas twb muaj lawm, tab sis kuj mus rau kev txhim kho cov kab mob tshiab.
Feem ntau, cov kab mob hauv qab no tshwm sim:
- bronchospasm;
- hloov pauv hauv ntshav chemistry;
- Quicke's edema;
- erythropenia;
- thrombocytopenia;
- qog nqaij hlav cancer;
- urticaria;
- kev laus ntxov ntxov;
- cataract;
- immunosuppression, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho rau hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob;
- metabolic disorder;
- erectile kawg;
- ntshav qog noj ntshav.
Dhau li ntawm qhov no, qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm x-ray txuas mus rau tiam tom ntej. Cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem yug los nrog ntau yam kev tsis taus ntawm lub cev thiab lub hlwb. Raws li kev txheeb cais qhia, dhau 100 xyoo dhau los txij li thaum pib ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob kuaj mob, cov noob caj noob ces ntawm cov pej xeem thoob ntiaj teb tau poob qis heev. Lub neej expectancy tau poob qis, thiab mob qog noj ntshav tau kuaj pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog qis dua ua ntej.
YContraindications
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog qhov no hauv thawj qhov chaw. Thaum txiav txim siab mus ntsib chav x-ray, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias kev kuaj hluav taws xob tsis tas yuav ua tiav. Nws yuav tsum zam yog tias koj muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv hauv qab no:
- mob hnyav heev;
- mob ntshav qab zib mellitus hom 2;
- tuberculosis;
- qhib pneumothorax;
- raum thiab siab tsis ua haujlwm lossis ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov kabmob no;
- Iodine intolerance;
- ntshav tawm sab hauv;
- yuav mob qog noj ntshav.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sim tsis pom zoo thaum cev xeeb tub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ntxov.
Irradiation koob tshuajnrog ntau hom x-rays
Yog li koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi txog qhov no? Ntawm cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no, theem ntawm qhov raug yog tsawg heev. Nws tuaj yeem sib npaug rau tom qab hluav taws xob lossis me ntsis tshaj nws. Qhov no tso cai rau koj mus x-rays ntau zaus, tsis muaj teeb meem loj rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv. Txawm hais tias daim duab tsis zoo thiab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau ua ob peb zaug, tag nrho cov kev cuam tshuam yuav tsis pub tshaj 50 feem pua ntawm cov cai txhua xyoo. Cov lej tseeb nyob ntawm seb hom khoom siv siv.
Radiation raug raws li hauv qab no:
- analog fluorography - tsis ntau tshaj 0.2 m3v;
- digital fluorography - tsis ntau tshaj 0.06 m3v;
- x-ray ntawm caj dab thiab cheeb tsam tsev menyuam - tsis ntau tshaj 0.1 m3v;
- xov lub taub hau - tsis ntau tshaj 0.4 m3v;
- daim duab ntawm thaj tsam plab - tsis ntau tshaj 0.4 m3v;
- nthuav dav hluav taws xob - tsis ntau tshaj 0.03 m3v;
- dental x-ray - tsis ntau tshaj 0.1 m3v.
Qhov koob tshuaj x-rays ntau tshaj plaws uas ib tus neeg tau txais thaum kuaj cov kabmob sab hauv. Thiab qhov no yog txawm tias muaj hluav taws xob me me. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov txheej txheem yuav siv sij hawm ntev, yog li nyob rau hauv ib zaug ib tug neeg laus tau txais txog 3.5 m3 ntawm hluav taws xob.
Yuav tau X-ray pes tsawg zaug hauv ib xyoos?
Radiation diagnostics raug sau tseg yog tias cov kev kuaj pom zoo tsis tuaj yeem ua kom kuaj tau qhov tseeb. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj hais tias nws yuav kis tau ntau npaum li cas, vim hais tias ntawm no nws tag nrho nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg feem pua ntawm ib xyoos twgtxwv. Nws yog qhov tsis xav tau x-rays ntau zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias thaj chaw loj ntawm lub cev raug irradiated. Qhov Performance index ntawm susceptibility, uas yog ib tug neeg rau txhua tus neeg, kuj plays lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb. Radiation ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj tshaj plaws rau cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev thiab cov qog endocrine. Raws li txoj cai, cov kws kho mob tsis muab lawv cov neeg mob x-ray ntau dua ib xyoos ib zaug. Tab sis qee zaum, kev kuaj mob rov qab tuaj yeem ua tiav 6 lub hlis tom qab qhov dhau los. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm loj pathologies yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tas li, lub ncua sij hawm yuav raug txo mus rau 45 hnub. Lub sijhawm no, cov nqaij mos thiab cov kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev muaj sijhawm rov qab los ntawm kev raug hluav taws xob me ntsis.
Thaum twg ua tau x-ray thib ob?
Nws tsis tuaj yeem ua raws txhua txoj cai kev nyab xeeb. Hauv kev xyaum kho mob, muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau ua x-ray tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv, xws li:
- yog tus kws tshaj lij tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov x-ray qhia vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm daim duab;
- kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob tom qab X-ray;
- txhawm rau ntsuas tus neeg mob tus mob thiab txhim kho pathology;
- rau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog kev kho mob.
Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj koom tuaj yeem txiav txim siab rov kuaj dua. Qhov no yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov theem ntawm hluav taws xob raug thiab cheeb tsam uas yuav raug hluav taws xob. Tsuas yog cov neeg muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Lawv tuaj yeem x-ray txog plaub zaug hauv ib hlis.
Kev xeem mus li cas?
Tsis muaj dab tsi nyuaj hauv kev siv hluav taws xob. Nws tsis tas yuav muaj kev npaj. Txhawm rau txo qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, tus neeg mob tau txais kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb dab tshos, rau hauv uas cov hlau lead yog sewn. Tsuas yog qhov chaw kuaj mob ntawm lub cev tsuas yog qhib. Kev kuaj mob dav dav tsis pub dhau 15 feeb.
Nws ua raws li cov qauv hauv qab no:
- Tus neeg mob nkag mus rau hauv chaw ua haujlwm, tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom hlau thiab nthuav tawm thaj chaw xav tau ntawm lub cev.
- Tom qab ntawd nws zaum saum lub rooj zaum lossis rov ua haujlwm hauv lub rooj muag tshwj xeeb.
- Direct X-ray diagnostics tab tom ua.
- zaj duab xis x-ray yog tsim thiab sau cov ntawv sau tseg.
- Tus kws kho mob ua qhov kev kuaj mob zaum kawg raws li qhov tshwm sim.
Ntawm no, qhov tseeb, tag nrho cov txheej txheem. Raws li txoj cai, txhua yam ua haujlwm tawm thawj zaug, tab sis yog tias cov duab tsis zoo, ces tus neeg mob raug xa mus rau kev kuaj zaum ob.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov teeb meem tshwm sim, tsis txhob x-ray ntau zaus tshaj li kws kho mob tau sau tseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom kuaj xyuas hauv cov tsev kho mob uas muaj cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub thiab nyab xeeb dua.
Cov kws kho mob txhawm rau txo qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev raug hluav taws xob tau sim txo qhov chaw raug. Rau qhov no, cov neeg mob tau muab cov kaus mom tshwj xeeb, hnab looj tes thiab aprons. Txhawm rau kom x-ray ua tiav thiab tsis tas yuav rov ua dua, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li tag nrhocov lus qhia los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Koj yuav tsum tau kho lub cev nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm xav tau, nrog rau tuav koj ua pa rau ib lub sij hawm.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tshem tau hluav taws xob?
Txhawm rau txo qis x-ray puas tsuaj thiab pab lub cev rov qab sai dua, koj yuav tsum tau ua qee qhov kev hloov kho rau koj cov khoom noj txhua hnub.
Cov khoom hauv qab no pab txhawb kom tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob:
- miv;
- prune;
- rice;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab thiab zaub;
- liab wine;
- paj txiv ntoo;
- prune;
- seaweed;
- fish;
- yam khoom noj uas muaj iodine.
Yog li, los ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo, koj tuaj yeem ntxuav koj lub cev ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo.
Zoo kawg
X-ray nws tus kheej tsis txaus ntshai li ntau tus neeg xav. Yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob, tsis muaj dab tsi txaus ntshai yuav tshwm sim rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws tuaj yeem cawm tau txoj sia, vim tias nrog nws txoj kev pab nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov kab mob loj heev ntawm qhov ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm kev loj hlob. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tau muab x-ray, ces koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai. Xav mus rau tom tsev kho mob thiab mus kuaj.
