Cov nyhuv teratogenic ntawm cov tshuaj ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, nrog rau kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam vim lawv siv los ntawm leej niam thaum cev xeeb tub. Teratogenesis txhim kho nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov yam ntxwv ua los ntawm sab nraud ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob ntawm tus me nyuam hauv plab, nws tseem tuaj yeem ua tau raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv.
Yuav ua li cas?
Teratogenic nyhuv yog vim kev tso tshuaj los yog lawv cov khoom hloov pauv los ntawm kev thaiv ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab cov placenta, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsim cov kabmob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub embryo.
Lub Sijhawm Tseem Ceeb
Nyob rau theem sib txawv ntawm cev xeeb tub, ntau yam kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm tsim ntawm lub cev - cov no yog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb. Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob loj yog thawj 2-3 lub hlis ntawm cev xeeb tub. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nyob rau lub sijhawm dhau los, nyob rau hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev ua txhaum cai kuj tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov kab mob loj hlob, lawv tsis sib haum nrog lub neej: kev nchuav menyuam tshwm sim (spontaneous rho menyuam). Lub sij hawm tseem ceeb rau cov kab mob sib txawv yog txawv: 23-28 hnub ntawm kev loj hlob intrauterine yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub hlwb, 23-45 hnub rau lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag, ceg ceg yog tsim nyob rau hauv 28-56 hnub thiab hais txog.
Dab tsi ua rau?
Cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam teratogenic: tshuaj, kab mob (rubella, herpes, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus, syphilis, toxoplasmosis), metabolic ntshawv siab hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub (cov kab mob goiter, decompensated diabetes mellitus, ntev hyperthermia, androgen-producing qog), tshuaj (androgens, methotrexate, captopril, enalapril, iodides, thiamazole, tetracyclines, thalidomide, valproates, warfarin, busulfan), ionizing hluav taws xob (kev kho hluav taws xob kho mob cancer, radioactive iodine therapy, radioactive fallout) thiab ntau dua.
Ib feem ntaws
Cov yam ntxwv no cuam tshuam nrog qee qhov tshwj xeeb. Cov nyhuv teratogenic yog cov tshuaj muaj feem xyuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb hauv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv lub fetus tsis tsim. Cov nyhuv teratogenic nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj sib txawv thiab txawm nyob rau hauv cov neeg sawv cev sib txawv ntawm tib hom tuaj yeem sib txawv, uas cuam tshuam nrog tus kheej cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov metabolism (kev nqus, faib thiab tso tawm hauv niam lub cev thiab nkag mus ncaj qha los ntawm utero-placental barrier). Txawm li cas los xij, thaum leej niam raug tus kab mobNws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov pib koob tshuaj.
Kev sib kis ntawm yam
Teratogens tau pom dav hauv ib puag ncig. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, nws tau pom tias tus poj niam siv li 3-4 tshuaj yeeb tshuaj thaum cev xeeb tub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem ntsib nrog ntau yam teeb meem hauv chaw ua haujlwm lossis hauv tsev. Cov nyhuv teratogenic ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb: kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov nyhuv ncaj qha ntawm qhov tshwm sim thiab cov tsos ntawm qhov tsis xws luag yuav tsum muaj pov thawj nrog kev pom zoo los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kis mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum sib haum nrog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb.
