Kab mob peripheral artery tshwm sim vim tsis muaj cov ntshav ncig hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm sab qis, raws li txoj cai, qhov no tshwm sim vim atherosclerosis. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov pa oxygen nkag mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg.
Qhov yuav muaj kab mob vascular nce ntxiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog. Kwv yees li 30% ntawm cov neeg laus dua 70 xyoo raug kev txom nyem los ntawm nws. Kev pheej hmoo ntawm pathology nce rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab cov neeg haus luam yeeb.
Yog li, tus kab mob no yog dab tsi, yog vim li cas rau nws txoj kev loj hlob, cov tsos mob dab tsi tshwm sim hauv qhov no? Cov kws kho mob kuaj kab mob peripheral arterial li cas thiab puas kho tau? Kev tiv thaiv dab tsi niaj hnub no?
Ntseeg kab mob ceg
Ntshav, saturated nrog oxygen thiab as-ham, txav mus loscov hlab ntsha ntawm lub plawv mus rau cov kabmob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Yog tias cov ntshav ntws hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg raug cuam tshuam, ces lawv cov ntaub so ntswg tau txais cov khoom noj tsis txaus thiab cov pa oxygen, vim tias cov kab mob peripheral arterial tshwm sim.
Ntshav ntws hauv aorta cuam tshuam los ntawm kev txhim kho atherosclerosis. Lub aorta nws tus kheej yog cov hlab ntsha loj uas cov ceg muab ntshav rau lub taub hau, sab sauv ceg, caj dab, plab plab, plab hnyuv, plab kab noj hniav, tom qab ntawd cov hlab ntsha faib ua ob ceg, uas cov ntshav ntws mus rau ob txhais ceg.
Hauv lub xeev ib txwm muaj, qhov chaw ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub nkoj yog du, tab sis thaum muaj hnub nyoog atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha peripheral tsim, uas cov lipid plaques tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, nqaim, lawv compaction thiab, vim li ntawd, kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ntws hauv nws. Lipid plaques yog tsim los ntawm calcium thiab cholesterol. Raws li atherosclerosis zuj zus, lumen nyob rau hauv lub aorta yuav nqaim thiab ua rau cov tsos ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Tus kab mob no yuav tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej nyob rau ib lub sij hawm ntev, thaum atherosclerosis ntawm peripheral hlab ntsha yuav mus ntxiv mus thiab, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm thiab kho kom raug, yuav ua rau kom lub caj dab amputation. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob hauv lub cev hauv lwm cov plab hnyuv siab raum, uas tuaj yeem ua rau myocardial infarction lossis stroke.
Lub ntsiab tshwm sim ntawm kab mob peripheral arterial yogib qho kev xav ntawm qhov tsis xis nyob lossis mob ntawm ob txhais ceg thaum taug kev. Localization ntawm qhov mob yog txawv, qhov chaw ntawm nws tshwm sim nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas. Mob yuav tshwm sim hauv ko taw, hauv caug, sab nraub qaum, ncej puab, sab ceg.
Ua rau kab mob arterial ntawm qis extremities
Yog li, qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho pathology ntawm cov hlab ntsha peripheral yog atherosclerosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, txiv neej muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tus kab mob ntau dua li poj niam. Muaj ntau yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob no, cov tseem ceeb yog:
- Kev haus luam yeeb ntau xyoo.
- Txiv ntshav siab.
- Ntau cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav.
- Kev rog.
Kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm tus kab mob no tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas yav dhau los ntsib teeb meem nrog cov hlab plawv.
Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov leeg qis yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg, feem ntau cov tsos mob uas yog mob thaum taug kev. Kev mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ib feem ntawm ob txhais ceg, qhov chaw ntawm qhov mob nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha cuam tshuam.
Mob tshwm sim vim muaj cov ntshav tsis txaus rau cov ntaub so ntswg, uas yog, vim muaj cov kab mob xws li atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis qis, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob uas cuam tshuam. Kev kho mob yuav tsum tau pib sai li sai tau, txwv tsis pub nws txoj kev loj hlob tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho cov hlab ntsha txhaws thiab, vim li ntawd, kev txiav tawm ntawm lub limb.
Tab sis cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tsis tas yuav tshwm sim, feem ntau tus kws kho mob tsis txawm hais tias tus neeg mob tab tom txhim kho pathology. Feem ntau, kev kho mob pib tsuas yog tom qab cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Yog tias tus kab mob tsis kho raws sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv nres lossis mob stroke.
Lwm cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm ceg vascular kab mob yog lameness. Thaum so, qhov mob tsis tuaj thiab tshwm sim thaum taug kev. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias kev lameness thiab mob tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj cov tsos mob, lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj thiab tshwj xeeb, piv txwv li, thaum taug kev ntev lossis thaum nce roob. Tab sis dhau sij hawm, kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob tsis ploj mus, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, intensify, convulsions tshwm sim, ib tug zoo nkaus li hnyav uas tsis ploj mus txawm tias tom qab so, ib qho kev xav ntawm squeezing. Yog tias tag nrho cov tsos mob no tshwm sim, nrhiav kev kho mob.
Muaj ntau cov cim qhia tsis ncaj uas qhia txog kev txhim kho kab mob peripheral arterial:
- Hair loss.
- Pleev thiab qhuav tawv nqaij ntawm ob txhais ceg.
- Txoj kev hnov qab hauv qis qis.
Qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev siv cov tsos mob, qhov mob ntau dua thiab tsis xis nyob thaum taug kev, tus kab mob hnyav dua. Yog hais tias tus kab mob loj heev, qhov mob cuam tshuam rau tus neeg txawm tias thaum so.
mob hnyav ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis extremities
Thaum cov hlab ntsha tau nruj heev vim yog cov lipid plaques lossis feem ntauthaiv (thrombosis ntawm peripheral hlab ntsha), mob nyob rau hauv ob txhais ceg tshwm sim txawm thaum so. Cov ceg yuav zoo li qub, tab sis cov ntiv taw yog xim daj ntseg, qee zaum nrog cov xim xiav. Lawv zoo li txias rau qhov kov thiab muaj me me lossis tsis muaj impulses.
Hauv qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsis muaj oxygen, cov nqaij mos necrosis (kev tuag) pib. Qhov qis ntawm cov ceg (pob taws) yog them nrog trophic ulcers, nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov mob gangrene tsim, tab sis qhov teeb meem no tsis tshua muaj.
Occlusive kab mob arterial ntawm qis qis
Kab mob peripheral artery occlusive yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm atherosclerosis. Tus kab mob no ua rau tsis muaj kev txav mus los, feem ntau ua rau tuag.
Lo lus "occlusive arterial disease" txhais tau tias kev puas tsuaj tsis yog rau cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg, tab sis kuj rau lwm cov hlab ntsha uas dhau los ntawm lub hlwb thiab cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, uas yog, qhov no yog kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha peripheral thiab cov hlab ntsha.
Nrog hnub nyoog, kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob nce ntxiv.
People at risk:
- qis dua 50 leej uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm atherosclerosis;
- hnub nyoog 50 txog 70 xyoo uas haus luam yeeb lossis muaj ntshav qab zib;
- tshaj 70;
- nrog cov tsos mob atherosclerotic hauv qis qis.
Kev tsis txaus ntshav nyob hauv cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim kev puas tsuaj rau lawv lossis thrombosis.
Kev pab thawj zaug rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev txhaws ntawm lub nkojyog muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau tus neeg mob thiab cov tshuaj mob plawv, muab dej khov rau ntawm caj dab, ntaub qhwv yog tias tsim nyog, thiab xa tus neeg mus rau tsev kho mob.
Kev kho mob thrombosis feem ntau yog kev saib xyuas. Tab sis cov kev ntsuas no tau siv yog tias tsis pub dhau 6 teev dhau los txij li kev tawm tsam.
Kev kho phais - arterial plasty, bypass lossis vascular prosthesis.
Obliterans kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha
Kab mob peripheral artery yog ib qho kev phom sij thiab mob hnyav heev nrog rau kev kawm tiav. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mob ischemia ntawm lub cev thiab cov ceg. Nrog rau tus kab mob no, muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau lub qis extremities, qhov no yog vim kev ua txhaum ntawm elasticity ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Cov ntshav tsis ua raws li qhov xav tau, muaj qhov nqaim ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab qee zaum lawv kaw tag.
Cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai rau tus kab mob no suav nrog: ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib, haus luam yeeb, ntshav siab, kev ua neej tsis muaj zog.
thawj lub cim ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm pathology yog mob hauv qab ceg, nqaij nyuj, hauv pob tw. Maj mam, qhov mob pib nce, nws nyuaj rau tus neeg txav mus deb, thiab thaum kawg nws nres tag nrho.
Kev kho mob ntawm pathology yog tsom rau kev rov ua kom lub cev ncig hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Raws li txoj cai, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau sau tseg, thaum ligcov theem, kev ua haujlwm raug sau tseg, lub hom phiaj yog los kho cov ntshav uas cuam tshuam.
Yog gangrene loj tuaj, yuav tsum tau txiav tawm ceg.
Kev kuaj kab mob
Tus kws kho mob xam phaj tus neeg mob, ntsuas ntshav siab, nug txog tus cwj pwm phem, kev ua neej nyob. Tom qab ntawd nws hnov cov mem tes ntawm cov hlab ntsha, hauv qhov chaw puas.
Rau qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug, tus kws kho mob tau sau cov kev kuaj tshwj xeeb los txiav txim seb cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov ceg ceg puas raug cuam tshuam los yog tsis. Ib txoj hauv kev los kawm txog cov hlab ntsha peripheral yog ntsuas ntshav siab ntawm ceg thiab caj npab thiab sib piv cov txiaj ntsig. Qhov no yuav cia peb ua qhov kev xav txog kev txhim kho lossis tsis muaj vascular pathology. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tus kws kho mob tau sau ntawv ultrasound ntawm qhov qis qis rau kev kawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha peripheral, qhov no yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv tiav txog cov ntshav ncig hauv cheeb tsam cuam tshuam.
Yog tias tus kws kho mob muaj kev tsis txaus siab tom qab cov txheej txheem, nws muab tshuaj angiography (X-ray kuaj cov hlab ntsha) thiab tomography (kev kuaj mob thiab qauv). Yog tias muaj kev xav tias tus neeg mob muaj theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, nws raug xa mus rau x-ray.
Txoj Kev Kho Mob Peripheral Arterial
Txoj kev kho yog nyob ntawm qib ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, nrog rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob yog kom tsis txhob kis tus kab mob, kom txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem.
Tus neeg mob tau txais kev kho mob, ntxiv rau, nws tau hais kom noj zaub mov zoo, hloov nws txoj kev ua neej,tso cawv thiab haus luam yeeb. Txhua tus cwj pwm phem muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau tib neeg cov hlab ntsha.
Yog kev kho mob rau cov kab mob peripheral arterial pib ntxov, kev kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li kev tiv thaiv.
Ntawm cov tshuaj tau sau tseg yog cov uas tswj hwm cov qib roj cholesterol. Qee zaum cov kev kho mob suav nrog cov tshuaj uas txo cov nyhuv ntawm platelets. Cov tshuaj no yog tsim los ua kom cov ntshav nyias nyias, uas yog kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws.
Kev kho mob yog siv yog tias tus kab mob me. Yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov hlab ntsha peripheral, kev kho phais yog tsim nyog.
Yog tias cov hlab ntsha loj puas lawm, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev phais yog siv - angioplasty. Lub catheter hloov pauv tau muab tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha lumen los ntawm cov hlab ntsha femoral, tom qab ntawd tus neeg xyuas pib, uas muab lub zais pa tshwj xeeb mus rau qhov chaw uas lub nkoj nqaim. Los ntawm inflating lub zais pa no, lub lumen ib txwm ntawm lub nkoj tau kho dua tshiab.
Hauv cov xwm txheej siab dua, hla cov hlab ntsha tau ua tiav. Ib lub nkoj ntxiv yog tsim los ntawm kev tso cai rau cov ntshav ntws, hla qhov chaw cuam tshuam. Rau qhov no, ob qho tib si dag prostheses-cov hlab ntsha thiab tus neeg mob tus kheej leeg tau siv.
Qee zaum kev phais tshem tawm cov quav hniav atherosclerotic yog siv. Ua li no, cov hlab ntsha qhib, tab sis cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov ntshav ntws los ntawm lub nkoj.
Kev kho mob phais mob tshaj plaws yog kev txiav tawmcaj dab, txoj kev no tsuas yog siv rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev loj hlob gangrene.
tiv thaiv kab mob
Muaj ntau yam kev tiv thaiv uas yuav txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob hlab ntsha:
- Kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov hlab ntsha pathology yog kev ua neej nyob.
- khoom noj kom raug thiab sib npaug yuav muab tib neeg lub cev nrog cov zaub mov thiab kab kawm, qhov tsis muaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob vascular.
- Kev saib xyuas cov roj cholesterol tsis tu ncua.
- Tshuaj rau ntshav siab
- Kev cais tawm ntawm cov zaub mov ntsim thiab rog.
- Tsiaj rog yuav tsum tau hloov tag nrho nrog zaub rog.
- Saib xyuas koj cov ntshav qab zib.
- Ceev haus luam yeeb, cawv.
- Saib koj qhov hnyav.
- noj tshuaj aspirin los tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws.
- Nkauj khaus khaus.
Kev ua neej
Txhawm rau kom tiv thaiv tus kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev rov qab los, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum muaj lub luag haujlwm los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev hloov kev ua neej. Nco ntsoov ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lawv qhov tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav tsis tu ncua.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas koj cov roj cholesterol thiab cov ntshav siab. Nrog rau qhov nce ntxiv, koj yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj thiab hloov koj cov zaub mov. Kev noj zaub mov yuav tsum tsis suav nrog cov khoomcov khoom noj uas muaj cov roj (cholesterol) siab, nrog rau haus luam yeeb, ntsim, qab ntsev, zaub mov rog thiab calorie ntau ntau. Maj mam, tag nrho cov tsiaj rog yuav tsum tau hloov nrog zaub sawv daws yuav.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txiav luam yeeb thiab cawv kom tiav.
Cov neeg uas nquag rog dhau, tseem ceeb heev los tiv thaiv kev rog rog.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom sib npaug ntawm koj cov zaub mov, tab sis kuj yuav tsum ua kom lub cev tsis tu ncua, qhov no yuav pab tswj lub cev kev noj qab haus huv hauv lub xeev ib txwm muaj thiab tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob vascular.
Koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua raws li txhua tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo, vim tias tus kab mob no ploj mus thaum tsis muaj sijhawm.
