Raws li kev txheeb cais, lub ncauj tsev menyuam neoplasia (CIN), uas yog, mob qog noj ntshav, nyob hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob oncological. Feem ntau, qhov degeneration ntawm ib txwm cov ntaub so ntswg rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg yog pom ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Qhov no yog vim cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub epithelium. Vim lub fact tias squamous cell carcinoma ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau hom mob cancer, nws cov kev kuaj mob thaum ntxov yog nqa tawm. Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tshwj xeeb, ib tus tuaj yeem kawm tsis tau tsuas yog txog cov theem pib ntawm cov qog, tab sis kuj hais txog cov xwm txheej ua ntej atypia. Kev kuaj mob ntxov thiab kev kho mob qog noj ntshav ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam cawm tau ntau tus poj niam. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev cia siab ntawm pathology niaj hnub no yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.
Squamous cell cervical cancer - yog dab tsi?
Cervical Cancer yog suav tias yog lub ntsiab lus kub tsis yog rau cov kws kho mob nkaus xwb, tab sis rau txhua tus poj niam. Txij li thaum muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob no thiab nws qhov kev kuaj mob tau pib, nws tau paub txog qhov loj ntawm cov kab mob no. Feem ntau squamous cell carcinoma ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Hom qog no paub tias muaj cov ntsiab lus atypic altshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis paub tab stratified epithelium uas kab ectocervix. Hauv lwm lo lus, hom mob qog noj ntshav no nyob qhov twg lub tsev me nyuam ntsib qhov chaw mos.
Nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, tus kab mob no yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob oncological feem ntau. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ectocervix cancer yog 15 tus neeg ntawm 100,000 tus neeg. Txawm hais tias txhua xyoo nce hauv kev tuag los ntawm cov kab mob no, qhov kev cia siab ntawm tus kab mob zoo li txhim kho. Yog tias ua ntej squamous cell carcinoma ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam tau kuaj pom tsuas yog nyob rau theem kawg, tam sim no kev kho mob pib txij lub sijhawm pom muaj qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim.
Zoo li txhua yam kab mob oncogynecological, lub ncauj tsev menyuam neoplasia tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm ntev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau qhov kev hloov me ntsis tshwm sim hauv lub cev, nrog rau ib ntus mus ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist.
Ua rau mob qog noj ntshav
Qhov tsos ntawm squamous cell neoplasia yog txuam nrog ntau yam etiological yam. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no cuam tshuam txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm endocrine system. Nws ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm oncogynecological pathologies thiab hormonal xeev ntawm poj niam lub cev. Feem ntau, thaum kuaj pom mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev menyuam, muaj qhov nce hauv cov tshuaj estrogen. Cov tshuaj hormones no yog tsim nyob rau hauv zes qe menyuam. Qhov nce lossis txo qis hauv lawv qib yog tswj los ntawm hypothalamus. Muab kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus kab mob nrog cov kab mob endocrine, cov hauv qab no ua rau mob qog noj ntshav tau paub:
- siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus ntev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau muaj estrogens. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv COCs, nws yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob ib ntus los txiav txim siab qib ntawm cov tshuaj hormones.
- Kho nrog Tamoxifen thiab nws cov analogues. Cov tshuaj no yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob cancer ntawm lub mis. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj, vim nws kuj yog hormonal.
- Kev rog thiab thyroid kab mob (hypothyroidism). Cov xwm txheej no tseem ua rau muaj kev nce qib estrogen thiab kev loj hlob ntawm qog noj ntshav.
Ntxiv rau, muaj lwm yam ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim. Ntawm lawv: kab mob sib deev ntev, kev rho menyuam tawm, ntau tus cev xeeb tub thiab kev yug menyuam, nrog rau lawv qhov tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, squamous cell carcinoma ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam feem ntau tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm xws li pathologies xws li polyp, yaig, leuko- thiab erythroplakia, dysplasia. Tsis ntev los no, tus kab mob no tau cuam tshuam nrog papillomavirus hom 16 thiab 18. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau los xaus rau qhov no, vim tias cov kab mob no tau pom nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj kab mob hauv tsev menyuam.
Types squamous cell carcinoma
Tau qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov hlwb epithelial uas dhau mus rau atypia, muaj ntau yam ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam neoplasia:
- Adenocarcinoma. Hom no tsawg dua li lwm tus.
- Squamous keratinizing cervical cancer. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsim cov keratin granules ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub epithelium. kuaj mob kos npeCov kab mob no suav hais tias yog "pearls ntawm mob qog noj ntshav". Nyob rau hauv smear, hlwb ntawm ntau yam tsos thiab loj nrog jagged npoo tau pom.
- Cov qog tsis zoo sib txawv. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsim tau cov cellular ntsiab tau undergone atypia. Qhov kev xaiv no yog qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws.
- Squamous cell nonkeratinizing cervical cancer. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tsis muaj keratin. Cov smear qhia txog lub cev oval loj uas muaj eosinophilic cytoplasm.
Degrees of cervical neoplasia
Thaum kuaj pom neoplasia (CIN), nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab xyuas seb nws kis tau li cas. Muab kev loj hlob ntawm atypical hlwb, 4 theem ntawm tus kab mob yog txawv. Kev faib ua qib tso cai rau koj xaiv qhov kev kho mob tsim nyog thiab txiav txim siab txog qhov tshwm sim. Qib 0 txhais tau hais tias tsis yog-tus kabmob kheesxaws, uas yog, cov hlwb atypical muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub epithelium, tab sis tsis tau nkag mus rau hauv lub thickness ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Qib 1 - Cov qog tau loj hlob ob peb hli tob. Los ntawm qhov no txhais tau hais tias invasive squamous cell carcinoma ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam tau tsim, txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv lub cev. Hauv theem ob, neoplasia txuas mus rau parametrium, lossis sab sauv ntawm qhov chaw mos. Qhov thib peb degree yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tsos mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub plab me me. Qhov qis ntawm qhov chaw mos, cov qog ntshav hauv cheeb tsam kuj raug cuam tshuam. Hauv theem 4, cov qog txav mus rau lub zais zis lossis cov hnyuv. Nyob deb metastases tshwm.
Cervical Cancer daim duab
Kev Ntshai ntawm CIN nyuaj, vimraws li nws yuav luag tsis muaj yam ntxwv nta. Thaum xub thawj, tus mob qog noj ntshav tsis tshwm sim lossis muaj cov tsos mob xws li kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem, mob hauv plab plab thiab sab nraub qaum, thiab tawm qhov chaw mos tawm. Tiv tauj los ntshav, uas yog, tshwm sim thaum muaj kev sib deev, suav hais tias yog ib qho cim cim. Tom qab cov tsos mob yog o ntawm qis extremities, kub subfebrile. Nyob rau theem kawg, muaj qhov poob phaus, tsis muaj zog, tsis qab los noj mov, thiab cov qog nqaij hlav o hauv puab tais.
Kev kuaj mob squamous cell cervical
Kev kuaj mob squamous cell carcinoma yog ua ob qho tib si thaum muaj kev tsis txaus siab thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tsom xam tshwj xeeb uas tau muab los ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab lub ncauj tsev menyuam (PAP test). Ua tsaug rau txoj kev no, nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab tsis tsuas yog mob qog noj ntshav, tab sis kuj dysplasia - me me hloov pauv hauv cov cellular muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim tsis ntseeg, colposcopy yog ua los ntawm acetic acid thiab iodine (los txheeb xyuas qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov epithelium). Yog tias tseem xav tias mob qog noj ntshav, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Lwm qhov kev tshawb fawb yog kev tshuaj xyuas rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm HPV.
Cervical Cancer
Kev kho mob rau ncauj tsev menyuam squamous cell carcinoma suav nrog kev phais tshem tawm cov qog, kws khomob thiab kev kho hluav taws xob. Qhov ntim ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais nyob ntawm theem, nrog rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob. Rau cov uas tsis yog-invasive neoplasia los yog qib 1, hysterectomy yog ua, tawm mus.zes qe menyuam. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no yog qhia rau cov neeg mob uas muaj peev xwm xeeb tub. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob nyob rau hauv lub cev tsis muaj zog, ces ib tug hysterectomy yog ua, tshem tawm cov appendages thiab omentum ntau dua. Xws li qhov ntim ntawm kev phais yog xav tau vim qhov tseeb tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm metastasis lossis qog rov tshwm sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg mob tau kho nrog tshuaj hormonal. Thaum kawg, tsuas yog kho cov tsos mob xwb.
Squamous cell cervical cancer: kab mob prognosis
Txawm tias muaj neeg tuag coob heev, kho tau. Qhov no siv rau cov neeg mob uas tau kuaj pom neoplasia nyob rau theem pib. Kev muaj sia nyob tsib xyoos tom qab kev kho mob yog kwv yees li 55%. Qhov taw qhia hloov pauv nrog rau theem ntawm cov txheej txheem qog (ntawm qib 1 nws yog 78%, ntawm qib 4 - 7.8%).
Kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob mob qog noj ntshav
Qhov kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb yog mus ntsib kws kho mob poj niam yam tsawg ib xyoos ib zaug. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb los kho cov kab mob sib deev hauv lub sijhawm, tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib xyaw ua ke rau ntau tshaj 5 xyoos, thiab txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm predisposing yam (cervical erosion, polyp, leukoplakia), yuav tsum tau mus rau colposcopy. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam tau tsim - kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HPV hom 16 thiab 18. Nws tau ua thaum hluas. Thov nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.
