Tus txiv neej niaj hnub paub ntau yam txog nws lub cev ua haujlwm li cas. Tab sis nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, muaj cov kab mob me me thiab cov qog. Lawv nyob thoob plaws hauv lub cev thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev. Ib qho piv txwv yog cov kwj dej lacrimal, ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov muag qhov muag nyob.
caj pas yog dab tsi?
Gland yog ib qho khoom nruab nrog uas muaj cov cell secretory. Nws ua hauj lwm los tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas txawv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Lub caj pas tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov khoom zais cia rau sab nraud lossis sab hauv ib puag ncig ntawm lub cev. Piv txwv ntawm cov kabmob no muaj xws li tib neeg cov kwj dej lacrimal, cov qog endocrine, pancreas.
Lub cev uas coj qhov zais cia yog hu ua exocrine. Cov qog uas tsim cov khoom zais cia rau hauv cov hlab ntshav lossis cov kab mob lymphatic hu ua cov qog endocrine.
tib neeg lub caj pas lacrimal. Qhov chaw
Nrhiav cov qog lacrimal nyob hauv qab ntawm ntug sab saud ntawm lub orbit. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau lawv nyob rau hauv cov pob txha frontalib tug lacrimal fossa tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntiav recess. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub caj pas los ntawm kev hloov pauv, muaj cov hlua fibrous, uas yog, txhawb nqa cov leeg ntawm lub qhov muag thiab daim tawv muag, ntxiv rau lawv tau tuav los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg rog. Qhov nruab nrab, hauv cov neeg laus, cov kabmob no ntsuas 10x20x5 mm. Ib tug hlau hnyav tsis ntau tshaj 0.8 g.
Kev tsim kho
Cov qauv ntawm lub caj pas lacrimal yog alveolar-tubular. Nws yog tsim los ntawm ob qhov tsis sib xws:
- orbital, uas nyob rau saum toj thiab me ntsis loj dua hauv ntim;
- palpebral, uas hu ua lub lobe qis.
Nruab nrab ntawm cov lobes uas tsim kua muag tawm, muaj aponeurosis ntawm cov leeg lub luag haujlwm rau nqa daim tawv muag sab sauv. Los ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj 5-6 ducts. Maj mam, lawv muab tso rau hauv ib lub qhov dej loj.
Tsab qis ntawm lub caj pas muaj lub rooj vag. Cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha dhau los ntawm lawv, muab cov khoom nruab nrog nrog cov ntshav, cov hlab ntsha lymphatic thiab cov duct tseem ceeb ntawm lub caj pas, uas tag nrho cov kua muag me me converge. Lub lumen ntawm lub duct yog qhib rau hauv lub conjunctiva. Nws txoj kev tawm yog nyob rau sab nraud, kwv yees li 5 hli los ntawm qhov chaw siab ntawm daim tawv muag sab saud. Qee lub sij hawm muaj kev tawm mus ntxiv ntawm excretory tracts. Cov ducts me me no kuj xaus ntawm lub fornix ntawm conjunctiva. Qee cov ducts nqa cov kua muag kua muag mus rau hauv ntu ntu ntawm lub conjunctiva, thiab qee qhov mus rau sab nrauv canthus ntawm lub qhov muag. Thaum ib tug neeg kaw lawv lub qhov muag, cov kua muag ntws los rau hauv qab ntawm daim tawv muag, qhov chaw ntawm lub lacrimal kwj nyob, thiab los ntawm lub lacrimal pas dej mus rau hauv lub me me qhib ntawm cov npoo ntawm daim tawv muag.
Cov duct sab sauv, uas khiav ntawm ib sab ntawm lub orbit raws cov pob txha fossa, hu ua lacrimal sac. Nws cov phab ntsa ua rau muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas cov kua muag ntws tawm.
Qhov qis ntawm cov qog lacrimal nyob hauv thaj tsam subaponeurotic hauv qab daim tawv muag. Nws muaj ntau qhov sib txuas lobules. Feem ntau muaj 25-30 ntawm lawv. Tag nrho cov ducts ntawm lub lobules coj mus rau lub caj pas loj.
Ib lub nasolacrimal duct loj dhau los ntawm cov pob txha ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Cov kwj dej lacrimal no qhib rau hauv qhov ntswg kab noj hniav nrog qhov sib txawv tshwj xeeb hauv cheeb tsam ntawm qis concha. Lub slit yog npog nrog lub nrov plig plawg ua los ntawm ib tug quav ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias.
Functions
Cov qog lacrimal tsim cov kua dej tshwj xeeb uas muaj ntau yam haujlwm:
- tshem tawm lub cev txawv teb chaws thiab av ntawm qhov muag;
- tiv thaiv kom qhuav;
- xa cov khoom noj rau lub qhov muag thiab lub qhov muag;
- refraction ntawm lub teeb;
- lubrication thaum txav daim tawv muag;
- tiv thaiv kab mob.
Lub kua muag yog dab tsi?
kua muag kua muag yog ib tug ntshiab transudate uas accumulates nyob rau hauv serous (protein) kab noj hniav. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kua muag, coincidences nrog cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv muaj ntau dua ntawm cov poov tshuaj thiab fluorine thiab cov ntsiab lus qis ntawm cov organic acids. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kua muag reacts rau lub xeev ntawm lub cev thiab hloov tas li.
Lub hauv paus ntawm kua muag yog dej. ntsev (1.5% NaCl), albumin (0.5%), mucus yog yaj nyob rau hauv nws. Ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas, nws tshwm me ntsis alkaline.tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov kua muag tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xav thiab kev xav. Hauv thawj kis, lub cev siv cov kua muag tso tawm kom moisten thiab ntxuav lub qhov muag. Hauv qhov thib ob, txhawm rau txo kev ntxhov siab thiab ntxhov siab. Cov hlwb secretory ntawm cov qog lacrimal tsim ib qho me me ntawm cov tshuaj psychotropic uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Hauv lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab, cov tshuaj hormones kev ntxhov siab leucine-enkephalin thiab prolactin tshwm hauv kua muag. Cov kua muag zoo siab txo qis cov adrenaline, uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cell secretory muab cov kua dej lacrimal nrog lub xub ntiag ntawm immunoglobulins, ntau cov proteins, amino acids, enzymes, urea thiab lwm yam tshuaj.
Vim tam sim no koj muaj lub tswv yim ntxhib ntawm lub kua muag yog dab tsi, koj nkag siab tias lub peev xwm quaj yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau ib tug neeg. Lub kua muag tsis yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev xav ntawm lub siab, tab sis kuj yog ib qho kev pab rau peb lub qhov muag, ua kom lawv noj qab nyob zoo.
