Mural digestion yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev nqus cov kab muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov vitamins los ntawm cov zaub mov noj. Nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv, microscopic villi yog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov no, thiab plab hnyuv enzymes nce qhov chaw sib cuag los ntawm kev sau cov kab noj hniav ntawm cov kab noj hniav. Cov tom kawg yog hu ua enterocytes.
Lub ntsiab ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic
Mural digestion yog tus muab khoom noj tseem ceeb ntawm cov zaub mov rau tib neeg lub cev. Hauv cheeb tsam no, kev tua kab mob ua ntej ntawm cov zaub mov digested tshwm sim vim filaments. Cov tom kawg khi rau enterocytes, tsim glycolix.
Mural digestion xyuas kom meej qhov nqus ntawm 80% ntawm kab kawm. Qhov seem 20% yaj nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv kab noj hniav. Los ntawm daim nyias nyias, cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig nkag ncaj qha rau hauv kev thauj mus los.
Nyob hauv txoj hnyuv, zaub mov yog zom hauv ob theem sib koom ua ke: plab plab thiab parietal digestion. Thawj pib hauv plab, thiab cov microelements twb tso tawm los ntawm daim ntawv cog lus tam sim ntawd nkag mus rau hauv lub cev.
kawg theem
Tus nqi ntawm parietal digestion yog mus ntes cov khoom decomposed tom qab cov kab noj hniav sib cais. Qhov kawg nqus ntawm cov tshuaj tshwm sim vim yog kev ua ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem no cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau tib neeg lub cev.
Cov theem ntawm parietal digestion yog sib cuam tshuam. Kev ua txhaum ntawm ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv. Metabolism kuj nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ib puag ncig hauv plab kab noj hniav.
Thaum pib ntawm kev zom zaub mov tshwm sim thaum zom zaub mov. Cov qaub ncaug zom cov kab mob uas yooj yim dua absorbed hauv cov hnyuv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom saturate tsis tau tsuas yog cov khoom noj khoom haus, tab sis kuj lawv derivatives nyob rau hauv kua daim ntawv nrog rau qaub ncaug.
Dissolving complex tshuaj
Proteins yog cov tshuaj soluble heev. Cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb ntawm pepsin tua cov zaub mov txawm nyob hauv plab kab noj hniav. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov txheej txheem yog txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov cell uas twb muaj lawm thiab decompose rau hauv cov khoom yooj yim tshaj plaws. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntsiab lus sab hauv ntawm txoj hnyuv hu ua chyme.
Nyob hauv ib puag ncig no, parietal digestion ua tau. Hauv cov hnyuv me, nws tshwm sim feem ntau nquag. Kua txiv yog ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm dissolving chyme. Nws yooj yim rau kev hloov cov tshuaj los ntawm kev nce thaj tsam ntawm cov zaub mov sib cuag nrog daim nyias nyias.
YPolysaccharides thiab disaccharides
Carbohydrates nkag mus rau hauv lub plab zom mov hauv lub xeev ntawm cov ntawv cog lus nyuaj. Yuav tsum tau cleavage mus ntev rau hauv monosaccharides. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev no nws muaj peev xwm nqus tau lawv.daim nyias nyias.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, carbohydrates yuav tsum tau tawg mus rau hauv qabzib, fructose thiab galactose. Disaccharides yog tsim los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
- YLactose.
- M altose.
- Sucrose.
Polysaccharides muaj:
- Starch.
- Pulp.
- YGlycogen.
Thaum pib, polysaccharides tawg mus rau hauv disaccharides. Dissolute lawv cov khoom ntawm digestive system a-amylase, uas muaj nyob rau hauv qaub ncaug thiab hnyuv kua txiv. Monosaccharides tau txais los ntawm cov tshuaj disaccharidases hauv kab noj hniav ntawm lub plab thiab cov hnyuv. Glucose yog xav tau rau lub zog. Nws yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub zog.
Kev ua txhaum ntawm parietal digestion cuam tshuam rau lub cev muaj peev xwm ntawm tus neeg. Nrog kev noj tsis txaus ntawm cov piam thaj hauv lub cev, yuav luag tag nrho cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb qeeb. Nws ua tsis yooj yim sua kom rov ntxiv cov hlwb uas ploj lawm. Ntau yam kab mob cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev faib zaub mov thiab kev nqus ntawm cov kab yooj yim.
Lipids thiab acids
Cov tshuaj nyuaj tshaj plaws kom yaj yog lipids. Lawv muaj ob yam:
- Triglycerides zom rau hauv monoglycerides thiab fatty acids.
phospholipids
Cov khoom zoo sib xws rau lipids tau pom hauv cov tshuaj cholesterol. Txawm li cas los xij, triglycerides yog absorbed los ntawm plab hnyuv membranes nyuaj dua. Qhov no yog vim lawv peculiarity nyob rau hauv ib tug kua nruab nrab sau nyob rau hauv ib tug poob. Enzymes ntawm cov kua txiv hauv plab tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus hauv nws cov phab ntsa ntxiv lawm.
Lipids tau zom rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas lawv tsis ua raws li cov kua. Yog li, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev zom zaub mov pib hauv lub qhov ncauj, plab thiab txuas ntxiv hauv cov hnyuv. Kev haus ib khob dej, tshuaj yej lossis lwm yam dej haus tam sim ntawd tom qab noj su lossis noj hmo ua rau muaj kev zom zaub mov zoo. Feem ntau triglycerides txav mus tob rau hauv lub plab zom mov yam tsis tau zom.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub cev tau tawm tsam qhov no vim yog cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- Lecithin, kua tsib acid, alkaline ib puag ncig - hloov lipids rau hauv emulsion. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qhov sib tov yog cov khoom me me heev.
- Bile acids khi rau lipids los tsim micelles - cov khoom me me. Cov micelles twb tau sib cais los ntawm cov kua tsib acids ntawm lub plab hnyuv phab ntsa thiab yog ib tus zuj zus absorbed los ntawm daim nyias nyias.
Nucleic acids zom rau hauv phosphate thiab pentose. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, muaj ob theem kev faib zaub mov tshwm sim. Thaum pib ntawm plab zom mov, cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom tawg mus rau hauv nucleotides.
theem thib ob ntawm kev sib cais ze ntawm phab ntsa cais cov khoom ua kom yooj yim:
- Nucleosides ua rau tawg pentoses thiab hauv paus.
- phosphate.
Kev tawg ntawm cov kua qaub tshwm sim vim txoj hnyuv enzymes nucleotidases.
Metabolic abnormalities
Cov txheej txheem ntawm parietal digestion yog cuam tshuam sai heev nyob rau hauv cov kab mob tsis zoo, tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog adrenal, los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo. Kev cem quav, kev cuam tshuam ntev ntawm kev noj cov as-ham cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv. Txoj hnyuv motilityua kom pom kev nrawm ntawm kev txav ntawm chyme los ntawm txoj hnyuv. Nws qhov kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam rau kev zom zaub mov ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke.
Qee yam tshuaj cuam tshuam rau kev nqus ntawm cov kab mob: tshuaj hormonal, serotonin, secretin. Kev koom tes hauv kev zom zaub mov ntawm lub hauv paus paj hlwb tau raug pov thawj. Tshuaj loog, vagotomy ua rau qeeb cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub cev.
Qee yam tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau lub plab zom mov: gastrin, enterokinin, insulin. Txhua yam tshuaj muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev zom zaub mov. Nrog rau qhov no hauv siab, kev siv tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke yog siv los tshem tawm cov yam tsis zoo uas hloov cov kua dej hauv plab.
