Cov txheej txheem inflammatory uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub bronchi nrog ib tug thawj lesion ntawm lawv mucous daim nyias nyias yog hu ua bronchitis. Cov txheej txheem pathological nyob rau hauv uas o cuam tshuam rau phab ntsa thiab mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm bronchi yog mob bronchitis. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus me nyuam loj hlob sai, nyob rau hnub thib ob lossis thib peb ntawm qhov pib ntawm SARS, uas feem ntau ua rau mob ntsws. Nrog rau qhov nyuaj thiab ncua sij hawm ntawm tus kab mob, qhov txhab cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub so ntswg fibromuscular ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv lub cev. Mob ntsws bronchitis yog thawj zaug ntawm qhov tshwm sim thiab qhov thib ob hauv qhov hnyav. Kwv yees li ib puas thiab tsib caug txhiab tus menyuam yaus mob nrog nws txhua xyoo.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Bronchi, lossis tsob ntoo bronchial, yog ib feem ntawm tus neeg lub cev ua pa. Ua tsaug rau cilia uas kab lawv saum npoo, huab cua yog tshem tawm ntawm plua plav thiab kab mob.
Thaum nqus pahuab cua nkag los ntawm lub larynx thiab trachea, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv cov kab ke ntawm lub bronchi, uas xa oxygen mus rau lub ntsws. Cov seem ntawm lub bronchi hu ua bronchioles txuas ncaj qha mus rau lub ntsws. Thaum exhaling, cov khoom ntawm cov pa pauv tsim nyob rau hauv lub ntsws yog excreted los ntawm lub bronchi thiab trachea. Yog li ntawd, kev ua txhaum ntawm lawv cov patency cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua pa thiab ua rau cov pa oxygen tsis txaus rau lub cev. Lub mechanism ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob yog raws li nram no. Cov kab mob, tsoo phab ntsa ntawm lub bronchi, provokes lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv daim ntawv ntawm:
- edema;
- nce mucus ntau lawm;
- nce ntshav ntxiv rau thaj tsam cuam tshuam.
Yog li, lub cev ua haujlwm los tiv thaiv cov kab mob, kab mob lossis lwm yam kab mob.
Mob ntsws bronchitis hauv menyuam yaus: ua rau
Viral etiology ntawm pathology txawv nyob ntawm cov hnub nyoog ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Cov provocateurs ntawm tus kab mob yog:
- Txog li ob xyoos - rhino-, entero-, cytomegaloviruses, nrog rau tus kab mob herpes thiab ua pa syncytial.
- Txog peb xyoos - tus kab mob parainfluenza thiab kab mob khaub thuas.
- Cov menyuam yaus xyoo peb ntawm lub neej - corona-, adeno-, rhinoviruses thiab parainfluenza, tus kab mob ua pa syncytial.
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog tsib txog yim muaj kab mob khaub thuas thiab adenoviruses.
Ib qho kev ywj pheej ua rau mob ntsws ntsws mob rau tus menyuam hnub nyoog 3 xyoos thiab laus dua yog cov kab mob, tsis zoo li cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua peb xyoos. Hauv pawg hnub nyoog no rau lawvCov kab mob no kuj koom nrog, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm cov kab mob hauv qab no: streptococci, pneumococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa thiab Escherichia coli, mycoplasma.
Ntxiv rau qhov ua rau tus kab mob no yog: congenital anomalies, parasitic pathogens, fungi, adverse factor - muaj roj pa phem, muaj thiab haus luam yeeb, huab cua kub tsawg, ntau yam allergens thiab lwm yam.
Tus mob bronchitis kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lwm yam kab mob xws li mob khaub thuas, kab mob diphtheria, qhua pias.
Yog li, hauv cov menyuam mos thiab menyuam mos, mob ntsws ntsws mob ntawm cov kab mob sib xyaw thiab cov kab mob muaj feem ntau. Hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 5 xyoos, kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua xua, lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov kab mob ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus sib kis, kev sib kis raws caij nyoog ntawm tus mob khaub thuas thiab SARS, lub caij txias, nyob hauv cov menyuam yaus yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov huab cua tsis zoo, haus luam yeeb tsis txaus, hypothermia lossis ua rau muaj cua sov dhau los kuj suav tias yog tus kab mob provocateurs.
Risk factors
Cov yam hauv qab no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus mob bronchitis:
- cov menyuam yaus muaj kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, nrog rau kev poob qis thiab kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus;
- prematurity;
- birth trauma;
- congenital malformations ntawm cov kab mob ua pa;
- anomalies ntawm nasopharynx - deviated septum, adenoids;
- mob ua pa nquag - tracheitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis;
- diathesis;
- mob ntev - tonsillitis;
- caij sib kis ntawm SARS thiab mob npaws;
- nrhiav tus menyuam hauv cov koom haum menyuam yaus;
- caij nplooj zeeg-lub caij ntuj no;
- tsis zoo txaus kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nyob.
Diagnosis
Kev kuaj mob ua ntej yog tsim los ntawm tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus, qhia meej - tus kws kho qhov tsis haum-immunologist lossis kws kho mob pulmonologist. Cov hauv qab no yog siv rau kev kuaj mob:
- Ua tiav ntshav suav - cov ntsuas hauv qab no tau txheeb xyuas: ESR, lymphocytes, leukocytes, neutrophils.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas Microscopic, PCR - qhov zais cia (sputum) raug tshuaj xyuas. Nrog kev pab los ntawm qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam no, kev kis kab mob nrog Koch stick raug cais tawm.
- X-ray ntawm lub ntsws - nyob rau hauv cov duab muaj qhov nce ntawm cov vascular qauv nyob rau hauv qis lobes ntawm lub ntsws. Nrog bronchiolitis thiab obstructive bronchitis, o ntawm lub ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg, flattening ntawm lub diaphragm, thiab expansion ntawm intercostal qhov chaw raug soj ntsuam.
- Kev kuaj xyuas lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ua pa sab nraud - ua rau cov menyuam loj.
Kev faib tawm
Raws li qhov muaj teeb meem thiab ntau yam tsos mob, mob ntsws ntsws mob hauv tus menyuam tau muab faib ua hom xws li:
- Yooj yim - tus kab mob ntawm tus kab mob kis tau raug suav tias yog nws tus provocateur. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim yam tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm impaired cua permeability thiab tsis muaj teeb meem. Muaj feem cuam tshuam rau menyuam yaus txhua hnub nyoog.
- Obstructive - muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev cuam tshuam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov pa pauv hauv lub ntsws thiab ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm hypoxia. Obstruction tshwm sim vim mucosal edema, nce mucus synthesis, thickening ntawm bronchial phab ntsa thiab lawv spasm. Daim ntawv no ntawm bronchitis feem ntau yogkuaj mob hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog ob txog peb xyoos.
- Broncholithitis - nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov me tshaj plaws bronchi raug cuam tshuam. Cov menyuam mos muaj qhov ua tsis taus pa hnyav, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm. Feem ntau lawv mob crumbs mus txog ib xyoos.
- Obliterating - bronchioles, me me bronchi, alveoli raug cuam tshuam.
- Recurrent - ob peb zaug nyob rau hauv lub xyoo muaj rov muaj mob bronchitis tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob ua pa. Hom kab no feem ntau pom hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog plaub lossis tsib xyoos.
Nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob, mob bronchitis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm:
- Cov kab mob - feem ntau pneumococci, nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus - Haemophilus influenzae.
- Tus kab mob - adenovirus, tus kab mob parainfluenza thiab tus kab mob PC (cov kab mob tshwm sim), kab mob khaub thuas, qhua pias, rhinoviruses. Hauv cov menyuam yaus hauv thawj peb lub hlis ntawm lub neej - entero-, cytomegaloviruses thiab herpes viruses.
- Kab mob thiab kab mob.
- -viruses thiab fungi.
- Mycoplasma thiab chlamydia.
Tsis yog-mob mob bronchitis yog subdivided rau hauv:
- Irrigation - tshwm sim thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm lub cev lossis tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab cuam tshuam rau lub ntsws. hnoos nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam nrog mob bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog pom nrog tso tawm ntawm copious watery hnoos qeev. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qhov o ntawm mucosa.
- Allergic - qhov ua rau ntawm nws qhov tsos yog allergens uas nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws nrog rau huab cua. Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov ntawdbronchospasm. Raws li qhov nqaim ntawm lumen ntawm lub bronchi, hnoos qeev accumulates nyob rau hauv lawv, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo rau kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov kab mob. Yog li ntawd, nws cov chav kawm feem ntau nyuaj los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm tus kab mob.
Signs of disease
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus mob bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus yog hnoos. Nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav ntawm tus kab mob, nrog rau cov laj thawj uas ua rau nws, lwm yam cim txawv me ntsis:
- Allergic - yog mob ntev, tsis ua npaws. Thaum exacerbations, tawm hws, malaise, hnoos tshwm. Feem ntau txuam nrog atopic dermatitis thiab conjunctivitis. Ua ntej muab tshuaj kho, ib qho kev ua xua raug txheeb xyuas. Muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev mob hawb pob bronchial.
- Tshuaj mob bronchitis - tus me nyuam kub taub hau, xeev siab, hnoos, tsis muaj zog. Cov tsos mob no kav ntev li peb hnub. Yog hais tias mob ntsws yog tshwm sim los ntawm mycoplasma los yog adenovirus, ces kub taub hau yog pom nyob rau hauv ib lub lis piam. Tsis pom kev hloov ua pa thiab hawb pob.
- Recurrent or chronic - cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog hnoos, thaum lub sij hawm tsis muaj zog ntawm tus kab mob nws yuav qhuav, thiab thaum lub sij hawm exacerbation, piv txwv li exacerbation - ntub dej. Qhov zais cia nrog cov purulent inclusions tawm hauv qhov me me thiab nyuaj heev.
daim duab kho mob
Cia peb xav paub ntau ntxiv txog kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm ntau hom mob ntsws mob ntsws hauv cov menyuam yaus: yooj yim, bronchitis, obstructive. Hauv thawj kis:
- Cov paib sab nraud - tsis muaj zog, tawm hws ntau dhau, ua suab nrov, cov leeg tsis koom nrogua pa.
- Ua pa nyuaj nrog hawb pob thiab ntev exhalation. Ua pa tsis ua haujlwm thiab ua tsis taus pa tshwm sim tsuas yog hauv cov neeg mob tsawg tshaj plaws xwb.
- Pain syndrome - qab sternum, hauv caj pas, mob taub hau. Tsis tas li ntawd, khaus thiab kub hauv caj pas.
- hnoos - Pib nquag thiab qhuav, ntub dej li ntawm hnub thib tsib thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam ploj mus.
- Kub - mus txog peb caug yim degrees.
- Cov tsos mob sib xws - pharyngitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, laryngitis.
Lub sijhawm mob yog tsib mus rau kaum plaub hnub.
Nyob rau hauv mob bronchiolitis, cov chaw kho mob hauv qab no tau pom:
- Cov paib sab nraud - thaum ua pa, lub hauv siab thim rov qab, tis ntawm qhov ntswg o, thaj tsam nasolabial thiab lub cev muaj xim xiav, cov leeg ntxiv koom nrog ua pa.
- Ua pa hnyav thiab ua tsis taus pa hnyav, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, hawb pob thiab ntub thaum mloog.
- Pain syndrome - hauv plab thiab hauv siab.
- hnoos - sib quas ntus, qee zaum muaj cov zais zis.
- Kub - feem ntau ib txwm muaj lossis subfebrile.
- Cov tsos mob sib xws - ua pa nrawm yam tsis muaj kev sib dhos tsis ua haujlwm, tachycardia, qaug cawv, pharyngitis, kub taub hau, rhinitis.
Lub sijhawm mob mus txog tsib lub hlis.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob obstructive bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus:
- Cov paib sab nraud - lub hauv siab yog o, cov leeg koom nrog ua pa, tawv nqaij daj, cyanosisncig daim di ncauj.
- Ua pa - nrog lub xuav uas tuaj yeem hnov ntawm qhov deb. Exhalation nyuaj, tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb ua tsis taus pa. Cov kab mob sib kis hauv lub ntsws.
- Pain Syndrome - tsawg zaus, mob taub hau. Hlawv thiab tickling hauv caj pas.
- hnoos - pheej, paroxysmal, qhuav. Tej zaum yuav ntub tom qab ob peb hnub.
- Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus uas tsis ua npaws tsuas yog pom tom qab ob peb hnub. Nyob rau theem pib ntawm tus kab mob, nws yog siab.
- Cov tsos mob sib xws - kub taub hau, mob pharyngitis, rhinitis, laryngitis.
Ib qho tshwj xeeb yog qhov kev ncua sij hawm ntev thiab hawb pob ntawm auscultation. Thaum percussion ntawm lub ntsws, qis tympanitis yog ua tau. Nyob rau hauv x-ray, txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov tav hloov, lawv tau ib txoj hauj lwm kab rov tav, thiab lub diaphragm, nws lub dome flattens, thiab nws tus kheej ntog, lub ntsws teb ua pob tshab. Lub sijhawm mob yog los ntawm kaum mus rau nees nkaum hnub.
bronchiolitis
Nws yog hom kab mob bronchitis uas tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos yog:
- hyperthermia;
- hnoos hnoos qeev thiab qee zaum ntshav;
- ua tsis taus pa;
- bronchial spasm nrog hawb pob qhuav;
- cyanosis ntawm dermis hauv thaj tsam ntawm nasolabial daim duab peb sab;
- chaw kho mob ua pa tsis ua pa tau tsim kho sai heev thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob txaus.
Ntxiv mus, tus me nyuam txoj kev noj qab nyob zoo zuj zus, tsis muaj zog thiab ntxhov siab tshwm sim, tawm hws ntau, txham, rhinitis.
Casswb los ntawm cov kab mob me me ntawm bronchi thiab bronchioles ntawm lub hnub nyoog no yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob ua pa.
Kev kho mob tau ua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov thiab suav nrog:
- Txoj txaj pw nruj.
- Rau cov me nyuam mos, nce tus naj npawb ntawm pub mis los ntawm ob. Rau cov menyuam yaus, qhov ntim txhua hnub raug txo los ntawm ib nrab, thaum lawv tau muab cov khoom noj uas muaj calorie ntau ntau thiab hypoallergenic.
- Tus nqi ntawm cov kua yog nce ib thiab ib nrab zaug.
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- nqus pa bronchodilators.
- Tshuaj tua kab mob tsawg tsawg.
Cov tshuaj ntawm pawg kws tshuaj hauv qab no yog siv los ua cov tshuaj ntxiv rau kev kho cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos: mucolytics, expectorants, antipyretics, antihistamines. Nrog rau kev ua pa tawm, kev vibration massage, physiotherapy ce.
Cov kab mob bronchiolitis tsis sib haum yuav kav tsis ntev tshaj peb lub lis piam. Txawm li cas los xij, rau lub sijhawm ntev tom qab rov zoo, tus menyuam hnoos ntev ntev. Yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim yog qhov rhiab heev ntawm bronchi.
Mechanisms ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm bronchial patency
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob bronchitis hauv tus menyuam yog nyob ntawm hnub nyoog:
- 2 xyoos - Cov hnoos qeev ntau yog suav tias yog qhov ua rau. Cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub bronchi thiab epithelial hlwb tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog nws cov excretion, vim li ntawd, nws accumulates thiab thaiv cov lumen ntawm lub bronchi.
- Hnub nyoog peb txog xyaxyoo - qhov nqaim ntawm lumen yog txuam nrog o ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub cev.
- Cov menyuam kawm ntawv feem ntau tsim kev sib kis ntawm bronchi, piv txwv li bronchospasm.
Tus mob bronchitis mob hnyav rau cov menyuam yaus, cov txheej txheem kho mob uas paub txog txhua tus kws kho mob, tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua pa nrov nrog hawb pob. Koj tuaj yeem hnov nws txawm los ntawm qhov deb. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim no yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov laj thawj hauv qab no: vim muaj qhov cuam tshuam uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv lub bronchi loj thiab trachea, turbulent cua txav tshwm sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qhov kev xav tias broncho-obstructive syndrome ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv, uas yog, nws tiv thaiv tus kab mob los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsws ntawm lub ntsws.
Tshuaj thiab tsis siv tshuaj kho
Nws yog ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus. Xav txog yuav ua li cas kho tus mob bronchitis hauv tus menyuam siv tshuaj los ntawm ntau pawg kws tshuaj:
- Antipyretic - lawv raug pom zoo tsuas yog nyob rau qhov kub siab tshaj peb caug-tsib degrees thiab thaum tsis muaj contraindications rau lawv siv. Paracetamol tau lees paub tias yog qhov xav tau tshaj plaws. Acetic-dej rubdowns kuj pab ua npaws.
- Antitussives - lawv siv los daws qhov hnoos qhuav qhuav.
- Mucolitics thiab expectorants - tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej nrog cov hnoos tsis pub dhau thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab ntxiv rau, lawv pab txhawb kom tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev nrawm thaum hnoos. Cov menyuam yaus feem ntau pom zoo - "Ambroxol", "Acetylcysteine acid", "Bromhexine", nrog rau kev npaj nrog sodium thiab potassium iodide, raws li licorice hauv paus lossismarshmallow, thiab tus nqi mis los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cog tshuaj.
- Antivirus - lawv muaj txiaj ntsig hauv thawj peb hnub mob.
- Antihistamines - siv rau o ntawm cov mucosa thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib qho kev tsis haum ntawm tus mob bronchitis.
- Tshuaj tua kab mob - cov tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no tsuas yog qhia nrog cov kab mob uas paub tseeb ntawm tus kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, crumbs (txog rau lub hlis) nrog lub nra hnyav hauv keeb kwm, xws li kev mob ntxov ntxov lossis kev yug me nyuam, qee zaum tau muab tshuaj macrolides thiab cephalosporins los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob.
- Anspasmodics thiab bronchodilators - yog qhia rau cov kab mob obstructive thiab cov tshuaj hormones yog tias tsis tshwm sim.
- Glucocorticoids, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj cardiotonic yog qhov yuav tsum tau pom zoo rau tus mob bronchiolitis.
Ntxiv thiab, txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho tshuaj, kev siv lub cev siv lub cev:
- kev siv lub cev kho mob;
- nqus pa;
- electrophoresis nrog iodine, calcium, magnesium;
- kev kho mob;
- vibration hauv siab massage;
- muab lub cev tshwj xeeb txoj haujlwm uas tso tawm qhov zais cia txhim kho, piv txwv li kev tso dej tawm tom ntej;
- mustard plasters;
- UHF.
Txoj kev tsis sib xws
Raws li kev kho mob ntxiv, hauv kev kho mob bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov tsos mob uas tau piav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm, kev siv tshuaj kho pej xeem raug tso cai. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej siv lawv, yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob, thiab nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias:
- Txhua yam kev siv thermal - chav nqus pa, txhuam, cua sov compresses, lub cev qhwv yog contraindicated ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum raug tshav kub, tshem tawm thaj tsam ntawm lub plawv.
- Txhua yam dej haus uas muab rau tus menyuam yuav tsum sov.
- Kev nqus pa hauv pa tsuas yog siv tau rau cov kab mob ua pa sab saud xwb, tsis yog mob ntsws.
- Cov khoom siv zib ntab thiab cov nroj tsuag tshuaj yog allergens, yog li ua ntej siv, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias tus menyuam tsis muaj qhov tsis haum rau lawv.
Cov hauv qab no yog ob peb hom zaub mov txawv uas feem ntau siv los daws cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis hauv menyuam yaus:
- txhawm rau txhawm rau hnoos qhuav - kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab nrog qab zib lossis zib ntab, infusions ntawm viburnum, linden, coltsfoot, blackcurrant. Rau lawv cov kev npaj, noj tsis pub ntau tshaj kaum tsib grams ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj ib khob dej.
- Compresses ntawm lub hauv siab cheeb tsam los ntawm zaub roj los yog iodine thiab mashed qos yaj ywm, yav tas los boiled nyob rau hauv lawv daim tawv nqaij.
- qhwv lub hauv siab, tshwj tsis yog ntawm lub plawv cheeb tsam, nrog rau cov roj zaub uas tau muab tso rau hauv. Lawv yog impregnated nrog nyias daim ntaub los yog gauze folded nyob rau hauv ob peb txheej, npog nrog ntawv coated nrog wax.
Cov kev kho mob thiab koob tshuaj yuav raug pom zoo los ntawm kws kho mob nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam.
Tus mob bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus: cov txheej txheem kho mob rau kev kho mob
Raws li lawv, kev siv tsis pom zoo los kho tus kab mob:
- antiallergictshuaj;
- electroprocedure;
- mustard plasters;
- cans;
- Patches nrog cov nyhuv hlawv;
- tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov kab mob tsis sib haum.
Raws li txoj cai, kev kho mob yog ua raws li tus neeg mob sab nraud. Tus me nyuam pom zoo:
- Sov, ntau dej haus ntau txog li ib puas milliliters ib kilogram ntawm lub cev hnyav ib hnub.
- ua pa tawm ua pa.
- Kev ua kom hnoos reflex thaum nws txo qis.
- lub hauv siab.
Rau qhov hnoos qhuav thiab mob hnoos (thaum tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev cuam tshuam) - tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab hauv chav kawm luv.
Ntxiv thiab, nws raug tso cai noj lwm yam tshuaj raws li qhia:
- Antiviral - rau cov tsos mob khaub thuas.
- Expectorant thiab mucolytic - nrog nyuaj rau cais cov hnoos qeev.
- Tshuaj tua kab mob - yog tias qhov kub thiab txias tau khaws cia ntau tshaj peb hnub. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas tus menyuam ntxiv.
Nov yog txoj kev kho mob tau teev tseg hauv cov txheej txheem kho mob.
Mob bronchitis mob rau cov menyuam yaus - qhov no, kev kho tshuaj yog nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm. Bronchodilators yog siv, piv txwv li, "Salbutamol" los yog ua ke - "Berodual". Lawv kev taw qhia yog ua los ntawm ib tug nebulizer. Tom qab siv, cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov nyhuv. Yog tias tsis yog, tom qab ntawv nqus cov tshuaj corticosteroids.
Rau kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm chlamydia lossis mycoplasma - macrolides, thiab rau kev cuam tshuam -nqus tau B2 agonists los yog ua ke bronchodilators.
Vim qhov tseeb tias hnoos yog suav tias yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus mob bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus, nws txoj kev kho yuav tsum ua kom tiav, tsom rau:
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory;
- tso tawm bronchial du nqaij contraction;
- ua kom muaj kev cia siab;
- kev ua kom cov kua nplaum tuab.
Yog vim li cas xaiv qhov kev tawm tsam no tau piav qhia los ntawm cov laj thawj hauv qab no. Cov txheej txheem ntawm expectoration nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob hluas yog ntau nyuaj tshaj li nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, thiab lub excreted secrets yog nkig nyob rau hauv sib xws, thiab cov leeg ua pa uas thawb tawm cov mucous pawg tsis tau tag nrho tsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv ua rau nws nyuaj rau cais cov hnoos qeev:
- bronchospasm;
- hnoos;
- mucosal edema;
- anatomical nqaim lumen ntawm bronchi.
hnoos tawm tsam tuaj yeem nrog qhov tsis xis nyob hauv thaj tsam hauv siab.
Cov lus qhia dav dav rau kev saib xyuas menyuam
Huab cua tsis tu ncua, tsawg kawg plaub zaug hauv ib hnub, thiab tswj qhov ntsuas kub kom zoo, tsis tshaj 19 degrees thiab av noo hauv chav uas tus menyuam muaj mob nyob, txo nws qhov mob thiab ua rau kom rov zoo sai.
Kev kho oxygen yog qhov tsim nyog thaum muaj qhov txo qis hauv cov pa oxygen rau lub cev ntawm tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws tau txais kev pab los ntawm Bobrov apparatus los yog cov me nyuam siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv hu ua lub tsev pheeb suab pa oxygen. Nws yog siv rauoxygen therapy nyob rau hauv txaj so. Cov roj sib tov lossis IVL (qhov ua pa ntawm lub ntsws) yog qhia tias muaj kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm siab.
Yog tias ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam yog ib qho hnoos qeev, ces nws yuav nqus tau hluav taws xob los yog lub raj mis roj hmab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug siab viscosity ntawm daim card, nws yog preliminarily liquefied. Rau lub hom phiaj no, inhalations yog ua nrog mucolytics los yog nrog alkaline daws.
Kev pw tsaug zog tau pom ua npaws thiab li peb hnub tom qab qhov kub thiab txias rov qab zoo li qub. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab cov kua dej ntau rau tus menyuam, nws qhov kev noj yuav tsum tshaj li lub hnub nyoog li ntawm tsib caug mus rau ib puas feem pua. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo cov dej qab zib - alkaline ntxhia dej, txiv hmab txiv ntoo haus, txiv qaub tshuaj yej, tshuaj ntsuab decoctions. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub cev qhuav dej, thaum lub sij hawm kub nce, kev siv "Rehydron" raug tso cai.
Thaum kho cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus, zaub mov yuav tsum yog lub teeb thiab nqus tau sai. Tus nqi ntawm cov zaub mov yuav tsum raug txo los ntawm yuav luag ib nrab. Cov menyuam mos, yog tias lawv muaj kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, tau noj tsawg thiab ntau zaus. Cov zaub mov ntxiv raug muab tso tseg ib ntus.
Kev Ntsuas thiab Teebmeem
Tus kab mob nws tus kheej tsis txaus ntshai, qhov kev cia siab rau tus kab mob no yog qhov zoo. Feem ntau, kev rov zoo tag nrho tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv li ob lub lis piam. Bronchitis yog me ntsis hnyav dua nrog kev puas tsuaj rau me me bronchi thiab kev cuam tshuam. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, yuav tsum tau kho mob hnyav.
Teeb meem tshwm sim thaumkev kho tsis raug. Piv txwv li, kev teem caij ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov kab mob ntawm tus kab mob. Nyob ntawm lub xeev ntawm kev tiv thaiv, lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus me nyuam thiab hom kab mob, qhov loj ntawm qhov tshwm sim kuj txawv. Cov hauv qab no yog cov teeb meem tshwm sim ntawm ntau hom kab mob bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus:
- Yooj yim - bronchial hawb pob lossis mob ntsws.
- Recurrent - ntev pathologies ntawm lub pa system nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus.
- Bronchiolitis - mob plawv thiab ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov pa roj pauv hloov pauv, piv txwv li cov ntsiab lus oxygen tsawg hauv nws.
- Obstructive - emphysema, uas muaj o ntawm lub ntsws thiab nthuav dav ntawm alveoli.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Ntau zaus, mob bronchitis hauv menyuam yaus (ICD 10: J20) yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm SARS. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los koom nrog kev tiv thaiv cov kab mob no:
- Txhim lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob: tawv, ua raws li tsoomfwv, noj kom zoo, taug kev txhua hnub. Txwv tsis pub mus ntsib cov chaw pej xeem thaum muaj tus kab mob kis.
- Tsis txhob txias lossis kub dhau, ob qho tib si tsis zoo rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Tsis txhob kov cov menyuam yaus lossis cov neeg laus.
- Kev haus luam yeeb tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis tsuas yog ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob hawb pob thiab mob ntsws, tab sis tseem cuam tshuam rau kev txawj ntse.
- Tswj huab cua kom zoo hauv chav uas tus menyuam nyob.
- Txij thawj hnub, kho tus mob bronchitis hauv menyuam yaus, thiab yuav ua li cas thiaj li tau txais kev qhia los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Tiv thaiv tus me nyuam los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog irritants thiab allergens. Cov kev ua no yuav pab tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem inflammatory ntawm qhov tsis muaj kab mob.
Muaj tseeb tiag, huab cua sov hauv hiav txwv yog qhov zoo rau kev ua pa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov menyuam mos feem ntau mob ntsws. Yog li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom coj tus menyuam mus rau hauv hiav txwv. Taug kev hauv hav zoov coniferous kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Tsob ntoo koob tso tawm phytoncides, tshuaj endowed nrog antimicrobial zog.
