Muaj ntau hnub so hauv tebchaws Russia, thiab nws yog qhov qub uas lawv tau ua kev zoo siab rau feem ntau nrog dej qab zib. Nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, qhov no tsis yog phem heev thaum txhua yam nyob rau hauv moderation thiab tsis ua phem rau leej twg. Feem ntau ib tug neeg tsis mus haus dej haus, tab sis thaum kawg nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis kam tus tswv ntawm lub tsev. Tom qab ntawd qhov tseem ceeb yog kom paub qhov ntsuas thiab ntev npaum li cas nws yuav haus cawv kom ploj ntawm lub cev yog tias koj xav tau tsav.
Tso cai haus cawv txwv raws li txoj cai ntawm Lavxias Federation
Txog rau xyoo 2013, txhua yam nruj heev nrog qib cawv hauv cov ntshav, tus nqi tso cai yog 0 ppm. Yog li, tag nrho cov neeg nyiam ntawm kvass, kefir, cov neeg siv qee hom tshuaj poob rau hauv pawg pheej hmoo.
Txij li xyoo 2013, qhov bar no tau qis dua. Tam sim no nws raug tso cai tsav tsheb yog tias lub tshuab nqus pa tsis pom ntau tshaj 0.35 ppm hauv cov ntshav. Daim duab no yog kwv yees li 0.16 mg ib liter ntawm exhaled cua.
Yuav ua li cas DUI raug txim xyoo 2019
Cov lus nug txog qhov dej cawv ploj mus ntev npaum li cas rau cov neeg tsav tsheb, vim tias yuav luag txhua tus ntawm lawv tau tsav qaug cawv tsawg kawg ib zaug. Tam sim no, tub ceev xwm tsheb khiav tawm tsam cov neeg ua txhaum cai no, thiab cov kev nplua kuj dhau los ua nruj dua.
- Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum tus neeg tsav tsheb raug ntes nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm intoxication thawj zaug, nws ntsib qhov kev tshem tawm daim ntawv tsav tsheb rau lub sij hawm ntawm 1.5 mus rau 2 xyoo, raws li zoo raws li rov qab los ntawm txoj kev xav. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tug pej xeem tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm yuav tau them tus nqi nplua ntawm 30 txhiab rubles.
- Yog qhov xwm txheej rov ua dua zaum ob, tus nqi nplua yuav yog 50 txhiab rubles, thiab kev tsis lees paub ntawm txoj cai - rau 3 xyoos.
- Thaum tus tsav tsheb raug ntes nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev qaug cawv hauv ib xyoos ntawm thawj qhov xwm txheej, nws txoj kev lav phib xaub hloov ntawm kev tswj hwm mus rau kev ua txhaum cai. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tsis muaj daim ntawv tsav tsheb, nws tuaj yeem raug kaw ntev txog 2 xyoos, nrog rau kev nplua nyiaj txog li 300 txhiab rubles.
Yog tus tsav tsheb tsis kam mus kuaj, ces nws yeej pom tias nws ua txhaum.
Cwj mem tshem tawm cawv
Rau cov neeg uas xav paub ntev npaum li cas cawv ploj ntawm lub cev, lub tshuab xam zauv tshwj xeeb tau tsim. Nws tso cai, los ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv, kom paub seb nws raug nqi npaum li cas kom tsis txhob tsav tsheb.
Rau qhov no, Widmark formula yog siv:
C=A / mr.
Qhov twg A yog qhov ntim ntawm cawv haus, m yog qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg, r yog tus faib coefficient (txiv neej - 0.7; poj niam - 0,6.).
Qhov no yog ib qho qauv yooj yim, tab sis koj tuaj yeem nrhiav lub laij lej tshem tawm cawv hauv online. Tsis tas yuav siv cov qauv, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv: poj niam los txiv neej, qhov hnyav, qhov siab, dab tsi cawv tau qaug cawv thiab ntau npaum li cas. Qee qhov kev pab cuam kuj nug txog qib plab plab. Lub laij lej tshem tawm cawv ntawm lub cev yuav qhia qhov tshwm sim - lub sijhawm uas nws txwv tsis pub tsav tsheb, vim tias cawv tseem nyob hauv cov ntshav.
Piv txwv li, hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus poj niam siab 160 cm siab thiab hnyav 50 kg, leej twg haus 1 lub raj mis npias, yuav pom muaj 0.42 ppm cawv. Nrog rau qhov ntsuas no, nws yuav tsum tau tos 3.5 teev ua ntej tsav tsheb.
Muaj ntau lub rooj nruab nrab uas lub sij hawm ntawm kev tshem tawm cawv ntawm lub cev yog xam, suav nrog cov cawv haus thiab qib dej qab zib.
Yam cuam tshuam rau tus nqi cawv tshem tawm ntawm lub cev
Txawm tias muaj qee qhov kev cai thiab cov qauv rau kev tshem tawm cawv ntawm tib neeg lub cev, lub cev nqaij daim tawv nws tus kheej, tshwj xeeb, lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv, tseem ceeb heev.
- Tus poj niam lub cev yog 65% dej, hos txiv neej lub cev yog 70%. Ua tsaug rau qhov ntsuas no, cawv tawg sai hauv cov ntshav ntawm kev sib deev muaj zog - txog 0.15 ‰ ib teev. Rau cov poj niam, tus nqi nruab nrab yog 0.1 ‰ ib teev.
- Qhov siab thiab qhov hnyav ncaj qha cuam tshuam ntev npaum li cas cawv raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cev. Lawm, ib tug neeg ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog, thiaj li yuav ncav cuag lub xeev ntawm intoxication, yuav tsum tau haus tsawg dua.tus txiv neej hnyav 100 kg.
- Metabolism kuj tseem ceeb - tus nqi ntawm kev zom zaub mov thiab cawv. Hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas, nws nrawm dua, yog li lawv tau qaug cawv sai sai.
- Lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub siab, cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov enzymes. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg feem ntau thiab ntau heev ua phem dej qab zib, ces nws lub siab yuav tsis tiv nrog lub load.
Qee zaum, lub plab puv ua ntej noj mov kuj ua lub luag haujlwm. Kev haus dej ntawm lub plab khoob ua rau tus neeg mob qaug cawv sai heev, vim tias cawv yog nqus ncaj qha rau hauv cov ntshav yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog zaub mov. Tab sis nws sobers sai dua. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg tau noj ib pluag mov hnyav ua ntej noj cov dej cawv, nws yuav qaug dej qaug cawv ntau dua, vim cov zaub mov noj yuav ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cork. Sai li nws daws tau, kev qaug cawv yuav tuaj sai thiab ntev, vim tias feem ntau yuav tau qaug dej qaug cawv.
Ntev npaum li cas vodka tawm hauv lub cev
Vodka yog ib qho dej haus nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiv neej. Txij li thaum nws lub zog tsawg kawg yog 40%, koj yuav tsum tau haus dej me ntsis kom qaug dej qaug cawv. Ntev npaum li cas vodka ploj mus ncaj qha rau ntawm cov cawv thiab qhov loj ntawm tus neeg.
| Pob haus, mg | Lub sijhawm uas cov cawv tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv huab cua, teev. | Lub sijhawm kom tshem tawm cawv tawm ntawm lub cev, teev. |
| 100 | 3,5 | 5,0 |
| 200 | 7,0 | 17, 0 |
| 300 | 9,0 | 29, 0 |
Cov nuj nqis no yog ua raws li tus txiv neej noj qab haus huv nruab nrab hnub nyoog 80 kg thiab cuam tshuam nrog ntev npaum li cas whiskey ploj ntawm lub cev, vim tias cov dej haus no muaj zog tib yam li vodka.
Tus nqi tshem tawm cognac ntawm lub cev
Cov dej haus no muaj tshuaj ntau dua li vodka. Nws muaj cov vitamins thiab fatty acids. Tab sis nws lub zog tsis yog qis dua rau vodka, thiab ntau zaus txawm tias tshaj nws.
Yog tias tus neeg hnyav 80 kg haus 100 mg ntawm cognac, nws yuav siv sijhawm 4.5 teev kom tshem tawm cawv los ntawm cov ntshav. Ntev npaum li cas brandy ploj ntawm lub cev, yog tias 300 mg tau qaug cawv? Qhov no yuav siv sijhawm 13.5 teev. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg haus 0.5 litres ntawm cov dej haus no, ces tag sobering yuav tuaj tom qab 22.5 teev.
ntau npaum li cas npias tawm hauv lub cev
npias ntawm cov dej cawv muaj lub zog tsawg tshaj plaws - feem ntau yog los ntawm 4 mus rau 6%. Vim nws cov yam ntxwv thiab saj, nws yog nrov heev ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Tab sis kev haus npias tsis txaus yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv, thiab haus ntau ntau tuaj yeem qaug cawv tsis tsawg dua li cov dej cawv muaj zog.
Rau suav, peb coj tus neeg hnyav 80 kg. Cov nqi yuav raug qhia rau 4 thiab 6% npias.
| npias zog | Nyiaj haus, ml | Lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau tshem cov cawv ntawm lub cev, teev |
| 4% | 100 | 0, 5 |
| 300 | 1,3 | |
| 500 | 2, 2 | |
| 6% | 100 | 0, 65 |
| 300 | 2,0 | |
| 500 | 3,3 |
Kev nrawm ntawm champagne tshem tawm ntawm lub cev
Qhov nruab nrab qib ntawm champagne yog 11%. Cov dej haus no muaj zog dua li npias ob zaug. Txawm li cas los xij, nws nyiam kev hlub tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib deev ncaj ncees. Hauv particular, qhov no yog vim nws saj thiab carbonation. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov pa roj npuas txhim khu cov nyhuv ntawm intoxication. Piv txwv li, ib tug poj niam hnub nyoog nruab nrab hnyav 60 kg raug coj mus.
Cov qauv rau ntev npaum li cas cawv ploj ntawm lub cev ntawm tus poj niam thiab tus txiv neej sib txawv, vim lawv muaj ntau pawg hnyav thiab dej sib npaug. Yog tias nws haus 100 mg ntawm champagne, ces nws yuav tsum tau tos 1.5 teev. Tom qab lub sijhawm no, koj tuaj yeem mus tom qab lub log. Ntawmyog tias nws haus 300 mg, lub sijhawm tshem tawm cawv ntawm lub cev yuav yog kwv yees li 5 teev. Ib 500 mg champagne yuav raug tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm cov ntshav hauv 8 teev.
Kev tshem tawm cawv tawm ntawm lub cev
Feem ntau cov cawv tawm hauv thawj ob lossis peb hnub. Tab sis nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev npaum li cas rau cawv kom tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm lub cev? Narcologists sib cav txog qhov no. Lawv cov lus teb txawv ntawm 18 mus rau 21 hnub, nyob ntawm seb lawv haus ntau npaum li cas. Tab sis nyob rau 21 hnub, yog tias koj tsis haus cawv ntxiv lawm, cov ntshav yuav rov ua dua tshiab thiab lub cev yuav rov zoo.
Yuav ua li cas yog koj tseem haus cawv
Qhov xwm txheej txawv. Tej zaum nws yuav tshwm sim tias ib tug neeg haus dej vim nws yuav tsis tsav tsheb yav tom ntej. Tab sis qhov xwm txheej txawv. Muaj camouflage thiab tiag txoj kev uas pab txo cov ethanol hauv cov ntshav thiab sai sai tshem tawm cov teeb meem ntawm lub cev.
Thawj ntawm lawv tsuas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm cawv thiab yog li tiv thaiv tus kws tshuaj xyuas los ntawm lub tshuab nqus pa. Lawv yuav tsis pab yog tias nws pom qhov muag pom tias tus neeg qaug cawv. Cov no yog cov cim lag luam, piv txwv li, "Antipolizei". Cov kev kho neeg pej xeem kuj tsis ua hauj lwm qis dua. Cov no yog qej, zom cov pos hniav, noob paj noob hlis, qhov ncauj yaug.
Tseem muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas tuaj yeem ua kom txo qis ntshav cawv.
- Koj tuaj yeem ntxuav lub plab nrog cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate. Koj yuav tsum ua kom ntuav ua ntej cov cawv yuav nqus mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Rau kev ntxuav ntxivNws raug pom zoo kom haus dej cawv ntawm 5 tee ntawm ammonia thiab ¼ khob dej.
- Thaum haus cawv, koj tsis tas yuav tsw qab, txij li thawj theem ntawm ethanol nqus tau tshwm sim hauv qhov ncauj, 20% hauv plab thiab kwv yees li 60% yog nqus hauv cov hnyuv.
- Lub cev dej tshuav nyiaj li cas los ntawm cawv. Yog li ntawd, ib tug neeg uas taug kev nag hmo ntawm hnub so yuav hnov qhov ncauj qhuav rau hnub tom qab. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kho cov qib kua, ces cov ethyl cawv yuav evaporate sai dua. Cov tshuaj ntsev muaj cov khoom zoo no; dib pickle yog pom zoo siv. Yog tias nws tsis nyob ntawm tes, ces koj yuav tsum haus dej kom ntau li ntau tau. Herbal teas thiab nqaij qaib broth yuav ua. Tshuaj yej nrog txiv qaub kuj txhawb kev tawg ntawm ethanol, tshem tawm ntawm lub raum.
- Cov zaub mov muaj antioxidants txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab, uas yog, nws ua raws li cov lim dej hauv kev tawm tsam ntau ntawm cawv. Cov no yog tshuaj yej ntsuab, kas fes, cocoa, qhiav, parsley, walnuts.
- Yog tias ib tus neeg tsis muaj teeb meem nrog lub plawv, ces mus rau chav da dej lossis sauna yuav pab nws tshem tawm qhov hangover sai dua. Ua ke nrog hws, cov tshuaj phem yuav tawm los.
Rau qee tus neeg, cov hau kev no yuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo vim tias lawv haus cawv ntau. Yog tias muaj kev cuam tshuam thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev ntawm binge, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho mob narcologist. Nws yuav muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas tus neeg mob qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag, sau cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiabkev kho mob.
Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm kev haus cawv ntau ntau
Txhua tus paub txog kev phom sij ntawm kev haus ntau ntau, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus nkag siab tias kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj no yog dab tsi.
Pib pib ntawm 0.2 ppm, tib neeg tau txais kev sov siab ntawm lawv qhov kawg. Tus nqi tso cai rau kev tsav tsheb yog 0.35 ppm. Nws tau raug pov thawj tias xws li qib ntawm ethyl cawv hauv cov ntshav tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tus neeg laus. Sai li cov cai ntawm kev qaug cawv nce siab dua 0.35-0.5 ppm, kev tswj xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov kev txawj tsav tsheb poob, tab sis lub siab xav tau zoo dua.
Yog tias qib ntawm ethanol hauv cov ntshav yog 1.0 ppm, tus neeg qaug cawv muaj kev cuam tshuam qeeb, hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg, tsis muaj kev tswj hwm lub siab lub ntsws. Thaum ncav cuag intoxication ntawm 2.0 ppm, ob lub zeem muag tshwm, nws tsis tuaj yeem tuav txoj haujlwm ntsug. Tom qab tshaj qhov bar ntawm 4 ppm, ib tug neeg muaj kev haus dej cawv lom heev mus txog rau kev tuag (nyob ntawm lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv).
