Kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv hauv phosphorus-calcium metabolism tshwm sim hauv cov neeg ntawm ob leeg poj niam txiv neej, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas. Phosphorus thiab calcium yog ib qho tseem ceeb, indispensable tshuaj rau tag nrho cov kev noj qab haus huv ntawm ib tug neeg. Muaj tseeb peb txhua tus paub tias cov pob txha pob txha muaj ntau tshaj 90% ntawm calcium thiab txog 80% ntawm phosphorus reserves los ntawm tag nrho lub cev. Hauv qhov me me, cov khoom no muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav ntshav ionized, nucleic acids thiab phospholipids.
Calcium thiab phosphorus metabolism hauv lub neej thaum ntxov
Thaum thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob metabolic yog qhov siab tshaj plaws, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob sai thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam. Feem ntau, tus menyuam yaus peb npaug ntawm lub cev hnyav uas tau yug los hauv thawj 12 lub hlis, thiab los ntawm 50 qhov nruab nrab centimeters thaum yug los, tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog ib xyoos loj hlob mus rau 75. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, phosphorus-calcium metabolism.tshwm sim los ntawm tus txheeb ze lossis qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov khoom hauv lub cev.
Ntau yam ua rau cov teeb meem no:
- vitamin D deficiency;
- ua txhaum ntawm nws cov metabolism vim qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm cov enzymes;
- impaired plab hnyuv absorption thiab lub raum reabsorption ntawm phosphorus thiab calcium;
- kab mob ntawm endocrine system.
Ntau qhov kev kuaj pom tsawg dua yog cov mob hypercalcemic, uas yog ntau tshaj ntawm calcium thiab phosphorus. Cov tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm lub cev tsis muaj kev phom sij tsawg rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam thiab yuav tsum tau kho kev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, kom ua tiav lub xeev nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo li qub yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem. Yog li txhua hnub xav tau calcium hauv cov menyuam mos yog sib npaug li 50 mg rau 1 kg ntawm lub cev hnyav. Yog li ntawd, tus menyuam uas hnyav li 10 kg yuav tsum tau txais li 500 mg ntawm Ca ib hnub. 100 ml ntawm niam cov kua mis, uas tsuas yog cov as-ham, muaj li ntawm 30 ml ntawm Ca, thiab nyuj cov mis nyuj muaj ntau tshaj 100 mg.
YBiochemistry ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism
Tom qab cov tshuaj no nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv, ces lawv hloov pauv ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov pob txha, tom qab ntawd tso tawm calcium thiab phosphorus los ntawm lub cev nrog cov zis. Cov theem no yog hu ua reabsorption, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub raum tubules.
Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib pauv Ca ua tiav yog nws cov concentration hauv cov ntshav, uas ib txwm sib txawv hauv2, 3-2, 8 mmol / l. Cov ntsiab lus zoo ntawm phosphorus hauv cov ntshav yog suav tias yog 1.3-2.3 mmol / l. Cov kev tswj hwm tseem ceeb ntawm calcium-phosphorus metabolism yog vitamin D, parathyroid hormone thiab calcitonin tsim los ntawm cov thyroid caj pas.
Ib nrab ntawm cov calcium uas muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov plasma proteins, tshwj xeeb yog albumin. Tus so yog ionized calcium, uas nkag los ntawm cov phab ntsa capillary rau hauv cov kua dej lymphatic. Ionized calcium ua haujlwm raws li kev tswj hwm ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem intracellular, suav nrog kev xa tawm ntawm impulses los ntawm daim nyias nyias mus rau hauv lub cell. Ua tsaug rau cov khoom no, qee theem ntawm neuromuscular excitability yog khaws cia hauv lub cev. Plasma protein-bound calcium yog ib hom kev cia kom muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm ionized calcium.
Yog vim li cas rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem pathological
Feem ntau ntawm phosphorus thiab calcium yog concentrated hauv inorganic ntsev ntawm cov pob txha. Thoob plaws hauv lub neej, cov ntaub so ntswg nyuaj tsim thiab tawg vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau hom hlwb:
- osteoblasts;
- osteocytes;
- osteoclasts.
Cov pob txha pob txha muaj kev koom tes hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism. Lub biochemistry ntawm cov txheej txheem no lav qhov kev saib xyuas ntawm qib ruaj khov hauv cov ntshav. Sai li qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj no poob, uas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm 4.5-5.0 (nws yog xam los ntawm cov mis: Ca multiplied los ntawm P), cov pob txha pib sai sai vim muaj zog ua hauj lwm.osteoclasts. Yog tias qhov ntsuas no ua tau ntau tshaj qhov coefficient, cov ntsev pib tso rau hauv cov pob txha ntau dhau.
Txhua yam uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev nqus ntawm calcium hauv txoj hnyuv thiab ua rau nws lub raum tsis zoo yog qhov ua rau hypocalcemia. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv tus mob no, Ca yog ntxuav tawm ntawm cov pob txha mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, uas inevitably ua rau osteoporosis. Kev nqus calcium ntau dhau hauv cov hnyuv, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm hypercalcemia. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub pathophysiology ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism yog compensated los ntawm khaus Ca deposition nyob rau hauv cov pob txha, thiab tus so tawm lub cev nrog zis.
Yog tias lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm cov calcium uas ib txwm muaj, nws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj (raws li txoj cai, tetany tau pom) lossis nws qhov ntau dhau, uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm Kev loj hlob ntawm toxicosis, Ca deposition ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub cev, pob txha mos.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Vitamin D
Ergocalciferol (D2) thiab cholecalciferol (D3) koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism. Thawj hom khoom yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv me me nyob rau hauv cov roj ntawm zaub keeb kwm, hom qoob mog sprouts. Vitamin D3 nrov dua - txhua tus paub txog nws lub luag haujlwm hauv kev nqus calcium. Cholecalciferol muaj nyob rau hauv cov roj ntses (tsuas yog ntses salmon thiab cod), qe qaib, khoom noj siv mis thiab qaub-mis nyuj. Txhua hnub tib neeg xav tau vitamin Dyog kwv yees li 400-500 IU. Qhov xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj no nce rau cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, yog li nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 800-1000 IU.
Kev noj tag nrho ntawm cholecalciferol tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tsis yog los ntawm kev noj cov zaub mov no lossis cov tshuaj vitamin ntxiv rau zaub mov. Vitamin D yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm UV rays. Nrog rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus lub sijhawm ntawm insolation nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, cov vitamin D tsim nyog rau lub cev yog synthesized.
Yog vim li cas rau qhov tsis muaj ntuj tsim ultraviolet insolation yog, raws li txoj cai, huab cua thiab thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw nyob, nrog rau cov xwm txheej hauv tsev. Koj tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj vitamin D los ntawm kev noj zaub mov nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cholecalciferol lossis noj tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov tshuaj no accumulates nyob rau hauv lub placenta, uas guarantees kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus me nyuam mos los ntawm rickets nyob rau hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm lub neej.
Vim lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov vitamin D yog koom nrog hauv biochemistry ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism, nws lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua kom tag nrho cov calcium nqus los ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv plab hnyuv, qhov tso tawm ntawm cov kab keeb ntsev hauv cov pob txha, thiab Cov reabsorption ntawm phosphorus hauv lub raum tubules tsis tuaj yeem txiav tawm.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm calcium deficiency, cholecalciferol pib cov txheej txheem ntawm pob txha demineralization, txhim khu kev nqus ntawm Ca, yog li sim ua kom nws qib hauv cov ntshav. Thaum lub concentrationCov kab ke mus txog qhov qauv, osteoblasts pib ua, uas txo cov pob txha resorption thiab tiv thaiv nws cortical porosity.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau muaj peev xwm ua pov thawj tias cov hlwb ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev yog rhiab heev rau calcitriol, uas koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm cov enzyme systems. Kev tso tawm ntawm cov khoom sib raug zoo los ntawm adenylate cyclase ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm calcitriol nrog cov protein calmodulin thiab txhim kho kev sib kis ntawm impulses mus rau tag nrho cov khoom nruab nrog cev. Qhov kev sib txuas no tsim cov nyhuv immunomodulatory, tswj cov tshuaj hormones pituitary, thiab tseem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin los ntawm cov txiav.
Kev koom tes ntawm parathyroid hormone hauv cov txheej txheem metabolic
Ib qho tseem ceeb sib npaug regulator yog parathyroid hormone. Cov tshuaj no yog tsim los ntawm cov qog parathyroid. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj hormones parathyroid, uas tswj cov phosphorus-calcium metabolism, nce hauv cov ntshav nrog qhov tsis muaj Ca kom tsawg, ua rau txo qis hauv cov ntshav cov ntsiab lus ntawm ionized calcium. Hauv qhov no, hypocalcemia dhau los ua qhov tsis ncaj ncees rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub raum, pob txha thiab plab zom mov.
Parathyroid hormone provokes nce hauv calcium thiab magnesium reabsorption. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, phosphorus reabsorption txo qis, uas ua rau hypophosphatemia. Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam, nws muaj peev xwm ua pov thawj tias parathyroid hormone tsub kom qhov muaj feem ntawm calcitriol nkag mus rau ob lub raum thiab, vim li ntawd, ua rau plab hnyuv nqus ntawm calcium..
Tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg nyob rau hauv lub zogParathyroid Hormone calcium hloov nws cov khoom siv rau hauv ib qho soluble, vim tias cov tshuaj lom neeg tau txav mus los thiab tso rau hauv cov ntshav. Lub pathophysiology ntawm calcium-phosphorus metabolism piav qhia txoj kev loj hlob ntawm osteoporosis.
Yog li, cov tshuaj parathyroid pab txuag cov calcium hauv lub cev kom raug, koom nrog hauv homeostasis ntawm cov tshuaj no. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vitamin D thiab nws cov metabolites tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog kev ua haujlwm tas li ntawm phosphorus thiab calcium hauv lub cev. Kev tsim cov tshuaj parathyroid hormone yog txhawb los ntawm cov ntshav calcium tsawg.
Dab tsi yog calcitonin siv rau
Phosphorus-calcium metabolism xav tau tus thib peb indispensable koom - calcitonin. Nws kuj yog ib yam tshuaj hormonal tsim los ntawm C-cells ntawm cov thyroid caj pas. Calcitonin ua raws li parathyroid hormone antagonist ntawm calcium homeostasis. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj hormones nce ntxiv nrog kev nce ntxiv ntawm phosphorus thiab calcium hauv cov ntshav thiab txo qis nrog kev tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom sib xws.
Koj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tso tawm ntawm calcitonin nrog kev pab ntawm kev noj zaub mov uas muaj cov khoom noj uas muaj calcium. Cov nyhuv no yog neutralized los ntawm glucagon, lub ntuj stimulator ntawm calcitonin ntau lawm. Lub tom kawg tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm hypercalcemic tej yam kev mob, txo cov kev ua ntawm osteoclasts thiab tiv thaiv pob txha resorption los ntawm intensive tsub zuj zuj ntawm Ca hauv cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg. "Ntxiv" calcium, ua tsaug rau calcitonin, yog tawm los ntawm lub cev nrog zis. Qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm inhibitory nyhuv ntawm steroid ntawm kev tsim ntawm calcitriol nyob rau hauv ob lub raum yog assumed.
Ntxiv rau cov tshuaj parathyroid, vitamin D thiab calcitonin, lwm yam tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam phosphorus-calcium metabolism. Yog li, piv txwv li, microelements xws li magnesium, txhuas, muaj zog, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev nqus ntawm Ca hauv txoj hnyuv, hloov cov calcium ntsev ntawm cov pob txha. Nrog rau kev kho mob ntev nrog glucocorticoids, osteoporosis tsim, thiab calcium yog ntxuav rau hauv cov ntshav. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nqus nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv ntawm vitamin A thiab vitamin D, yav tas los muaj qhov zoo dua, yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau noj cov khoom noj uas muaj cov tshuaj no nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv.
Hypercalcemia: Qhov tshwm sim
Qhov teeb meem feem ntau ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism yog hypercalcemia. Kev nce hauv cov ntshav Ca cov ntsiab lus (ntau dua 2.5 mmol / l) yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm hypersecretion ntawm cov qog parathyroid thiab hypervitaminosis D. Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism, cov ntsiab lus calcium ntxiv tuaj yeem qhia tias muaj cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub cev. los yog Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome.
Qhov siab ntawm cov tshuaj no yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg mob peptic ulcer ntawm txoj hnyuv. Feem ntau qhov ua rau yog kev noj ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Hypercalcemia yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev tsim cov pob zeb hauv lub raum. Phosphorus-calcium metabolism cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov zis, txo qis neuromuscular conduction. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tsim paresis thiab tuag tes tuag taw tsis suav nrog.
Nyob rau hauv tus menyuam, lub sijhawm ntev hypercalcemia tuaj yeem ua rau ncua sijhawmkev loj hlob, cov quav tsis tu ncua, nqhis dej tas li, cov leeg nqaij hypotension. Nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism hauv cov menyuam yaus, arterial hypertension tsim, lub hauv paus paj hlwb raug cuam tshuam, uas qhia los ntawm kev tsis meej pem, nco lapses.
Yuav ua li cas hem calcium deficiency
Hypocalcemia raug kuaj pom ntau zaus dua li hypercalcemia. Feem ntau, nws hloov tawm hais tias yog vim li cas rau qhov tsis muaj calcium nyob rau hauv lub cev yog lub hypofunction ntawm parathyroid qog, active zus tau tej cov calcitonin thiab tsis zoo nqus cov khoom nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Calcium deficiency feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm postoperative raws li cov lus teb ntawm lub cev rau kev qhia txog ib tug impressive koob tshuaj alkaline tov.
Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj teeb meem ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism, cov tsos mob yog raws li nram no:
- muaj qhov nce ntxiv ntawm lub paj hlwb;
- tetany txhim kho (mob nqaij leeg);
- qhov kev xav ntawm "goosebumps" ntawm daim tawv nqaij dhau mus;
- muaj tshwm sim qaug dab peg thiab teeb meem ua pa.
Txoj Kev Kho Mob Osteoporosis
Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog phosphorus-calcium metabolism hauv lub cev. Cov kab mob pathological no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov pob txha qis thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov pob txha, uas ua rau muaj kev nce hauv nws cov fragility thiab fragility, thiab yog li muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha. Cov kws kho mob yuav luag pom zoo tias osteoporosis yog kab mob ntawm cov txiv neej niaj hnub no. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim pob txha pob txha yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, tab sis nrogQhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis, txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab cuam tshuam rau ntau qhov tsis zoo ib puag ncig ua rau muaj feem cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg mob hnub nyoog laus.
Txhua xyoo, 15-20 lab tus tib neeg raug kuaj mob pob txha. Feem coob ntawm cov neeg mob yog cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub, nrog rau cov poj niam hluas tom qab tshem tawm ntawm zes qe menyuam, tsev menyuam. Kwv yees li ntawm 2 lab pob txha txhua xyoo yog txuam nrog osteoporosis. Cov no yog pob txha ntawm lub caj dab femoral, txha nraub qaum, pob txha ntawm cov ceg thiab lwm qhov ntawm cov pob txha.
Yog tias peb suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm WHO, ces cov kab mob ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov pob txha ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb yog qhov thib ob tsuas yog cov kab mob plawv, mob qog noj ntshav thiab ntshav qab zib mellitus. Osteoporosis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev pob txha, yog li txhua tus pob txha tuaj yeem tawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus kab mob no nrog lub cev hnyav hnyav.
Cov kab mob metabolic ntawm lub pob txha, tshwj xeeb yog pob txha pob txha, yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo qis hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kab mob, uas cov pob txha resorbed sai dua li nws tsim. Yog li ntawd, cov pob txha loj yuav ploj mus thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha tawg.
Rickets hauv me nyuam
Tus kab mob no yog qhov tshwm sim ncaj qha ntawm kev ua tsis tiav hauv phosphorus-calcium metabolism. Rickets tsim, raws li txoj cai, thaum yau me nyuam yaus (txog peb xyoos) nrog qhov tsis muaj vitamin D thiab cuam tshuam rau kev nqus ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv thiab ob lub raum, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov calcium thiab phosphorus hauv cov ntshav. cov ntshav. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias cov neeg laus nyob rau sab qaum teb latitudes feem ntau ntsib teeb meem nrog phosphorus-calcium metabolism vim tsis muaj hluav taws xob ultraviolet thiab nyob tsis ntev hauv huab cua hauv lub xyoo.
Thaum thawj theem ntawm tus kabmob, hypocalcemia raug kuaj pom, uas ua rau cov qog ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog ua haujlwm thiab ua rau cov tshuaj parathyroid hypersecretion. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug saw: osteoclasts yog activated, lub synthesis ntawm lub hauv paus protein ntawm cov pob txha raug cuam tshuam, ntxhia ntsev yog deposits nyob rau hauv tus nqi uas ploj lawm, leaching ntawm calcium thiab phosphorus ua rau hypercalcemia thiab hypophosphatemia. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus menyuam tau ntsib qhov kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev qeeb.
yam ntxwv tshwm sim ntawm rickets yog:
- ntshav qab zib;
- chim siab thiab chim siab;
- cramps ntawm nqua thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov leeg nqaij hypotonia;
- tawm hws ntau dhau;
- mob plab zom mov;
- tso zis ntau zaus;
- X-puab lossis O-puab ceg qis;
ncua kev teething thiab propensity rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm qhov ncauj carious kab mob
Yuav kho cov kab mob li cas
Cov kab mob metabolic xav tau kev kho mob nyuaj. Phosphorus-calcium metabolism, normalized, yuav tshem tawm feem ntau ntawm pathological tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Kev kho mob osteoporosis, rickets thiab lwm yam kab mob metabolic tshwm sim hauv theem. Feem ntauCov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tau sim nres cov txheej txheem resorption txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, tshem tawm qhov mob thiab xa rov qab tus neeg mob mus rau lub xeev ua haujlwm.
Tshuaj rau calcium-phosphorus metabolism raug xaiv raws li cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob thib ob (feem ntau yog pob txha, rickets) thiab cov kab mob ntawm cov pob txha resorption. Tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb me me rau kev rov qab los yog kev ua raws li kev noj haus uas tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm cov proteins, calcium thiab phosphorus ntsev. Raws li kev pabcuam kev kho mob, cov neeg mob tau pom zoo kom zaws, kho kev tawm dag zog.
Tshuaj rau normalization ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov neeg mob yog cov tshuaj uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm vitamin D. Cov tshuaj no tau muab faib ua ob pawg - tshuaj raws li cholecalciferol thiab ergocalciferol.
Thawj cov tshuaj txhawb txoj hnyuv nqus los ntawm kev txhim kho cov permeability ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg epithelial. Yeej, vitamin D3 yog siv los tiv thaiv thiab kho rickets hauv cov menyuam mos. Muaj nyob rau hauv dej-soluble ("Aquadetrim") thiab roj cov ntaub ntawv ("Vigantol", "Videin").
Ergocalciferol yog absorbed nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv nrog active bile tsim, tom qab uas nws khi rau cov ntshav alpha globulins, accumulates nyob rau hauv cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab nyob twj ywm raws li ib tug inactive daim siab metabolite. Cov roj ntses, uas tau siv dav hauv yav dhau los tsis ntev los no, tsis pom zoo los ntawm cov kws kho mob niaj hnub no. Yog vim li cas tsis kam siv cov cuab yeej no yog qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam los ntawmpancreas, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, cov khw muag tshuaj tseem muab cov roj ntses nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus.
Ntxiv rau cov vitamin D, hauv kev kho mob ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism siv:
- Calcium monopreparations uas muaj cov tshuaj tsim nyog hauv daim ntawv ntsev. Hloov chaw yav dhau los nrov "Calcium Gluconate", uas yog absorbed tsis zoo nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv, tam sim no lawv siv "Calcium Glycerophosphate", "Calcium Lactate", "Calcium Chloride".
- tshuaj sib xyaw. Feem ntau, cov complexes uas sib xyaw calcium, vitamin D thiab lwm yam kab hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg los pab txhawb kev nqus ntawm calcium ions (Natekal, Vitrum Calcium + Vitamin D3, Orthocalcium nrog magnesium, thiab lwm yam.
- Synthetic analogues ntawm parathyroid hormone. Siv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj los yog tshuaj tsuag qhov ntswg. Hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj, cov tshuaj no tsis muaj, txij li thaum noj qhov ncauj, cov tshuaj nquag raug puas tsuaj tag nrho hauv plab. Cov pab pawg no suav nrog tshuaj tsuag "Miak altsik", "Vepren", "Osteover", hmoov "Calcitonin".
