Feem ntau ntawm qhov ntswg mucosa tuaj yeem ua rau mob thaum kis tau ntau yam kab mob, kab mob, fungi, ua xua. Cov kws kho mob paub qhov txawv ntawm ntau hom kev mob. Tej yam tshwm sim muaj xws li mob, ua npaws, ua pa nyuaj, thiab tawm qhov ntswg.
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.
Nyob ntawm pathological mob
Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov sinuses tuaj yeem sib txawv, txhua yam nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txiav txim siab yam kab mob thiab kho.
Nasal sinuses ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv yog ib txwm muaj huab cua, uas txav mus los ntawm lub fistula. Hauv ib tus neeg mob, ntau cov kua dej sib sau ua ke hauv lawv, tshwj xeeb, xws li hnoos qeev thiab paug, uas ua rau mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txhawb los ntawm neoplasms uas tshwm sim hauv qhov ntswg. Niaj hnubCov tshuaj txawv ntawm hom kab mob xws li:
- sinusitis;
- ethmoiditis;
- sphenoiditis;
- sinusitis;
- frontit.
YYog tias tag nrho cov kab mob paranasal ua rau mob tib lub sijhawm, ces qhov no yog pansinusitis. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tsos mob ntawm txhua tus kab mob sib txawv, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob. Paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov mob hnyav thiab mob ntev ntawm tus kab mob. Qhov kawg feem ntau tshwm sim nws tus kheej thaum kev kho mob khaub thuas tau ua tsis zoo, vim tias cov txheej txheem inflammatory pib hauv tus neeg mob lub qhov ntswg.
Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub cov tsos mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, yog li thaum cov tsos mob thawj zaug tshwm sim, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Hauv qhov no, koj tsis tuaj yeem kho tus kheej.
Kab mob hauv me nyuam
Kev mob ntawm qhov ntswg hauv tus menyuam (daim duab ntawm tus menyuam muaj mob tuaj yeem pom hauv qab no) yog qhov ntau heev. Qee qhov teeb meem kev kuaj mob yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology yog qhov dav heev. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev los kuaj xyuas cov menyuam mos thiab menyuam mos.
Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj qhov mob ntawm qhov sinuses yws ntawm mucopurulent paug tawm ntawm qhov ntswg, congestion, ua tsis taus pa, thiab ib tug zoo nkaus li puv ntawm lub qhov muag. Nyob rau hauv qhov mob ntawm tus kab mob, kuj muaj qhov kub thiab txias. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov mob yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev kawm ntev dua. Ua pa nyuaj, ua tsis taus pa, hnoos, qhov ntswg congestion.
Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos, tus kab mob yog nrog los ntawm cov tsos mob, xws liqaug zog, tsis qab los noj mov, poob phaus, tearfulness, qaug zog pw tsaug zog. Feem ntau kuj muaj qhov o ntawm daim tawv muag. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos lub ethmoid sinus nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag sockets, thiab cov phab ntsa ntawm lawv tseem tsis tau txaus tsim.
Kev kho mob raug xaiv cais rau txhua tus menyuam yaus, nyob ntawm nws lub hnub nyoog, hom kab mob thiab qhov hnyav. Feem ntau, nws suav nrog kev noj tshuaj tua kab mob rau 2-3 lub lis piam, nrog rau cov tshuaj uas nws qhov kev txiav txim yog tsom rau kev nqaim ntawm lub qhov txhab. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj moisturizers kuj yuav tsum tau.
Yog tias kev kho mob tsis muaj kev txhim kho thiab kev puas tsuaj pob txha pib, ces yuav tsum tau phais. Qhov txaus ntshai ntawm mob hnyav yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob, muaj teeb meem tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, nrog rau qhov kev kuaj mob no, tus menyuam feem ntau tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob.
kab mob fungal
Nws tshwm sim ntau zaus. Hauv qhov no, tsuas yog ib qhov ntswg qhov ntswg lossis ob qho tib si tuaj yeem cuam tshuam. Cov kab mob fungal feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg uas feem ntau noj tshuaj tua kab mob, tau txais tshuaj steroid therapy.
Kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob HIV, nrog rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Qhov ua rau ntawm nws tshwm sim yog feem ntau fungi teej tug mus rau lub genus Mukor, Candida. Cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li kab mob.
Cov kab mob yuav txawv me ntsis. Nws tuaj yeem yog me me thiab maj mam lossis nrawm thiab hnyav. Kev kho mob yog nqa tawmphais, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm cov kab mob fungal thiab polyps los ntawm qhov ntswg. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
kab mob chronic
mob ntev ntawm cov sinuses yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev kawm ntev. Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau 2-3 lub hlis txawm tias tag nrho cov kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau kho. Hom kab mob no tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Cov maxillary sinuses feem ntau cuam tshuam, o ntawm frontal sinuses yog me ntsis ntau.
Ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob mus ntev, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias muaj paug tawm ntawm qhov ntswg, uas yog dej, mucous los yog tov. Cov tsos mob kuj yog ua tsis taus pa vim qhov ntswg congestion, mob, hnoos, mob caj pas, provoked los ntawm cov hnoos qeev ntws mus rau hauv lub caj pas.
Koj tuaj yeem mob taub hau, thaj chaw feem ntau ntawm qhov muag, hauv pliaj thiab qhov ntswg. Feem ntau tus neeg mob qhov hnov tsw tsw yog cuam tshuam los yog ploj mus. Kev mob o tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm mucosal polyps thiab lawv txhaws ntawm tag nrho lub qhov ntswg kab noj hniav. Nws yog pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem nrog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, los yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab cov hniav.
Kev mob hnyav tuaj yeem nkag mus rau theem ntev yog tias kev kho tsis tau pib raws sijhawm lossis nws ua tsis raug lossis ua tsis tiav. Pathogenic microorganisms kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm qhov ntswg. Rau kev kuaj mob, tus neeg mob raug tshuaj xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas nrog kev pabcuam tshwj xeebmethod.
Ntau zaus muaj qhov xav tau txhawm rau txhawm rau qhov cuam tshuam. Kev kho mob ntawm cov mob ntev yog tshem tawm ntawm cov kab mob pathologically hloov mucosa thiab nthuav tawm ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Ntawm cov tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj glucocorticosteroids, uas txo cov mucous daim nyias nyias thiab tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev los ntawm lub qhov ntswg.
Kev tshwm sim
Deformation ntawm intranasal qauv tuaj yeem ua rau mob, xws li:
- hypertrophic rhinitis;
- qauv tsis sib xws;
- deviated septum.
Qhov feem ntau ua rau cov txheej txheem inflammatory yog kab mob. Yog li ntawd, lub mucous daim nyias nyias tsim ib tug ntau ntawm cov mucus. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai yog tias tus kab mob kis mus rau tus kab mob kis.
Ntxiv rau, qhov mob ntawm amniotic sinuses tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob tas li, uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, cuam tshuam cov microflora thiab ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob mycosis.
Tsis yog ib txwm mob ntawm paranasal sinuses tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm microbes. Feem ntau, qhov ua rau tuaj yeem yog cua txias thiab qee yam tshuaj. Qhov ua rau ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory yuav yog ib qho kev tsis haum tshuaj. Nws ua rau vasomotor rhinitis thiab mob mucosal edema.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Cov tsos mob ntawm o ntawm sinuses thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob yog interconnected, nws tag nrho cov nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub chav kawm ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological. Nrog sinusitis, tus neeg mob tsim muaj ntauthiab tuab qhov ntswg tawm uas yog xim daj lossis ntsuab. Kuj muaj mob taub hau tas li. Hauv qhov chaw mob, qhov mob tau sau tseg, muaj kev xav ntawm lub siab los ntawm sab hauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum palpation thiab lub taub hau qaij.
hnoos kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim qhov ntws tawm ntawm cov hnoos qeev hauv qab caj pas thiab nws qhov khaus. Maj mam, cov tsos mob hnyav zuj zus, qhov kub thiab txias nce thiab lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo.
Thaum sinusitis tshwm sim o ntawm cov maxillary sinuses. Ob lub ntsiab symptomatology thiab cov cim qhia ntxiv yog tam sim no, uas yog:
- qhov ntswg congestion ntawm ob sab;
- nasal voice;
- tsis hnov tsw;
- mob lub puab tsaig sab sauv;
- hnov tsis hnov;
- xav tag.
Thaum tus mob frontal sinusitis tshwm sim o ntawm frontal sinuses. Cov kab mob no tshwm sim tsawg dua li sinusitis, tab sis nws nyuaj dua. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog:
- o thiab tsis xis nyob ntawm qhov muag thiab qhov ntswg;
- mob saum pob muag thiab hauv pliaj;
- ua pa hnyav;
- photophobia.
Etmoiditis yog ib qho mob ntawm ethmoid sinus mucosa. Vim qhov chaw ntawm cov kab noj hniav, qhov mob ntawm tus choj ntawm lub qhov ntswg, o thiab liab ntawm lub ces kaum sab hauv ntawm lub orbit yog suav tias yog cov cim qhia. Qhov tso tawm muaj ib tug fetid tsw. Tus kab mob no tsis tshua muaj, tab sis ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai.
Sphenoiditis - mob ntawm lub qhov txhab loj, uas yog, kab noj hniav sphenoid. Kab mob noFeem ntau ua mob ntev thiab nyuaj kho. Cov neeg mob feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov tsos mob xws li:
- mob nraub qaum;
- tsis xis nyob hauv nasopharynx;
- hnyav tawm;
- pom kev tsis zoo;
- ob vision.
Yog cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Diagnostics
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb yuav kho qhov mob ntawm qhov sinuses hauv cov neeg laus, koj yuav tsum xub ua qhov kev kuaj mob dav dav. Thaum xub thawj, tus kws kho mob ua ib qho kev soj ntsuam thiab kuaj xyuas tus neeg mob. Hauv cov kab mob no, kev kuaj ntshav hauv chav kuaj yuav qhia tau tias mob leukocytosis hnyav. Qhov no feem ntau qhia tias muaj mob hnyav.
Cov ntaub ntawv tiav tshaj plaws txog cov mob ntawm cov sinuses tuaj yeem tau txais thaum xam tomography. Cov txheej txheem no pab txheeb xyuas cov mucosal polyps, cov kua dej sib xyaw thiab lwm yam kev hloov pauv pathological.
X-ray cov txheej txheem rau kev tshuaj xyuas lub qhov ntswg tau dhau los ua ntau dua, vim tias lawv tsis paub ntau dua li tomography. Lawv tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv mob o. Qee lub sij hawm ib lub qhov txhab raug qhia kom sau cov ntsiab lus thiab muab cov tshuaj.
Txoj kev kho mob
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm cov sinuses tshwm sim, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau pib tam sim ntawd kom tsis txhob kis tau sai ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological thiab tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem. Kev kho mob xws li noj cov tshuaj no,zoo li:
- tshuaj tua kab mob;
- Yanti-inflammatory;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- mucolytics.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ntswg te, saline yaug thiab kho lub cev yuav tsum tau ua. Thaum mob hnyav, yuav tsum tau phais.
kev kho mob
Yuav ua li cas kho qhov mob qhov txhab? Qhov no tsuas yog txiav txim tau los ntawm kws kho mob tom qab kuaj. Thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob no, lub qhov ntswg yog ntxuav nrog saline daws. Saline los yog hiav txwv ntsev tsuag ua haujlwm zoo rau qhov no. Cov cuab yeej xws li Aquamaris lossis Humer tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo.
Lawv liquefy qhov zais cia ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, tshem tawm qhov o, txo qhov mob. Cov tshuaj no pab txhawb nqa cov hlab ntsha hauv mucosa. Ua ke nrog cov kua, mucus, cov kab mob thiab cov khoom txawv teb chaws raug tshem tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj saline nkaus xwb raws li kev kho mob monotherapy.
Nws yuav pab kom tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm sinuses kev kho mob vasoconstrictors. Cov tshuaj no muaj qee qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Cov tshuaj no pab tshem tawm qhov o rau 12 teev, uas txhawb kev kho thiab txo qhov tsis xis nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias nrog kev siv sijhawm ntev, cov tee no yog hom tshuaj. Koj tuaj yeem siv lawv tsis pub dhau 5-7 hnub. Xws li txhais tau tias xws li Naphthyzin, Otrivin yog suav hais tias zoo. Rau cov menyuam yaus, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj diluted.
Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm purulent o ntawm cov sinuses, nws yuav tsum tau siv mucolytics, uas.yuav pab tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev tuab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nyiaj no pab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm epithelium. Cov tshuaj "Sinupret" muaj cov khoom zoo. Nws muaj ib tug natural muaj pes tsawg leeg, yog li nws tsis tshua muaj provokes phiv. Mucolytics muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant thiab tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kis tus kabmob.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm puffiness thiab tawm sai sai ntawm cov hnoos qeev, cov tshuaj hormonal raug sau tseg. Qhov no yog ib qho tshuaj zoo rau o ntawm sinuses, uas tsis muaj teeb meem rau lub cev. Yog vim li cas cov tshuaj hormonal txawm siv los kho cov menyuam yaus. Cov tshuaj xws li Nasonex, Avamys, Flixonase tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo.
Thaum muaj kab mob, yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj tua kab mob rau qhov mob ntawm qhov txhab. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj penicillin tau sau tseg, tshwj xeeb, xws li Amoxicillin. Lawv ua sai heev ntawm cov kab mob. Qee zaum, cov tshuaj no tsis txaus. Cov kab mob no yoog tau thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov no ua rau kev kho mob nyuaj dua.
Nrog sinusitis, nrog rau kev ua xua rau penicillin, macrolides, tshwj xeeb, xws li "Erythromycin" lossis "Azithromycin", tej zaum yuav raug tshuaj. Cov tshuaj no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tsis tshua ua rau cov kab mob tiv thaiv.
Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj rau qhov mob ntawm qhov sinuses yuav tsum tau xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob nkaus xwb, suav nrog cov tshuaj muaj thiab contraindications.
kev kho neeg zoo
Ntautxaus siab nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas kom sai li sai tau tshem ntawm o ntawm sinuses nrog kev pab los ntawm pej xeem tshuaj, raws li lawv yog cov zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias lawv tuaj yeem siv tau tsuas yog nyob rau theem pib ntawm cov kab mob thiab tom qab kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob tuaj koom txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem.
Ib qho tshuaj zoo yog qhov nqus nqus pa tshaj lub tsho-boiled qos yaj ywm. Lub sijhawm ntawm cov txheej txheem yog 15-20 feeb. Tom qab nws dhau lawm, koj yuav tsum ntxuav koj lub qhov ntswg thiab mus pw, thaum npog koj lub ntsej muag nrog phuam.
Txhim kho qhov mob ntawm cov sinuses pab kub compresses uas yuav tsum tau siv rau lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub maxillary sinuses. Ua li no, siv cov qe tawv tawv, rhuab xuab zeb, hiav txwv ntsev, muab tso rau hauv ib lub hnab. Koj tuaj yeem siv rye hmoov thiab zib ntab ncuav mog qab zib rau koj cov sinuses.
Koj tuaj yeem siv ntau yam tee ua los ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem siv cov kua txiv ntawm qej, aloe, liab beet, Kalanchoe diluted nrog dej.
kho mob phais
Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj parietal o ntawm sinuses, yuav tsum tau phais. Thaum cov dej ntws tawm ib txwm raug cuam tshuam thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tau zoo los ntawm lwm txoj kev, yuav tsum tau muaj qhov ntswg qhov ntswg. Qhov no yog ib qho kev cuam tshuam uas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij xwb.
Ntxiv rau, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhib lub qhov txhab nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab ntxuav nws ntawm cov kab mob pathologicalcov ntsiab lus.
prophylaxis
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis yog tsuas yog paub yuav kho qhov mob qhov txhab, tab sis kuj yuav tiv thaiv qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob li cas. Raws li kev tiv thaiv, koj tuaj yeem pom zoo xws li:
- kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa nyuaj;
- tshem tawm tag nrho cov foci ntawm tus kab mob;
- kev tiv thaiv kab mob;
- tsim kom muaj microclimate hauv tsev;
- ua cov txheej txheem huv thiab huv.
Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog ntau yam mob khaub thuas, vim lawv feem ntau ua rau muaj ntau yam mob hauv cov sinuses.
