Conjunctivitis yog ib qho mob ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov muag - conjunctiva, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam kab mob, kab mob thiab allergens. Cia peb xav seb yuav ua li cas kab mob conjunctivitis manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam. Kev kho mob kuj tseem yuav qhia meej hauv kab lus no.
Kev ua haujlwm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov conjunctiva
Conjunctiva yog ib daim ntaub nyias nyias uas npog lub qhov muag sab hauv ntawm lub qhov muag thiab sab hauv ntawm ob lub qhov muag, tsim ib hom hnab tshos rau sab sauv thiab sab hauv. Ntau cov qog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag tsim kua muag kua thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb protein compound - mucin. Ua ke, lawv tsim muaj zog tiv thaiv thiab moisturizing tsim kua muag ib puag ncig uas muab lub qhov muag pom kev muaj peev xwm thiab kev txav mus los.
Txawm hais tias nws cov txheeb ze thinness, lub conjunctiva yog ib tug complex multi-layered organic cov ntaub so ntswg uas nkag mus rau hauv lub corneal epithelium. Cov hlab ntsha ntawm daim tawv muag thiab cov plaub muag nqa cov ntshav mus rau lub conjunctiva, lub network ntawm lymphatic hlab ntsha tsim ib txheej ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tiv thaiv lymphoid, lacrimal thiab ophthalmic hlab ntsha.muab lub plhaub nrog siab rhiab heev. Yog li, tsis tsuas yog qhov mob ntawm lub qhov muag, tab sis kuj pom kev acuity nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg uas ua rau lub conjunctiva. Qhov no yog vim li cas kab mob conjunctivitis thiaj li txaus ntshai. Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
Cov conjunctiva yog lub qhov muag thawj qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam rau ntau yam sab nraud irritants, kab mob thiab allergens.
Ntxiv rau, cov kua muag kua muag tsis tsuas yog nqis los ntawm cov kwj dej nasolacrimal, nqus cov plua plav thiab cov kab mob uas tau ntes los ntawm huab cua, tab sis kuj pib ua cov txheej txheem rov qab thaum muaj kab mob, kab mob lossis kab mob ua xua tuaj rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm lub qhov muag thiab khaus. conjunctiva los ntawm sab hauv. Cov kab mob conjunctivitis tshwm sim (koj tuaj yeem pom daim duab ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no hauv cov menyuam yaus hauv peb tsab xov xwm).
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias thaum lub caij muaj kab mob sib kis los yog thaum sib cuag nrog cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob txaus ntshai (piv txwv li, qhua pias lossis rubella), daim npog tiv thaiv tsis pab, vim cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev los ntawm nasolacrimal. kwj dej los ntawm qhov muag.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob conjunctivitis
Yog li, cov kab mob conjunctivitis tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus li cas? Kev kho mob yog nyob ntawm cov tsos mob.
Nyob rau hauv lub cev noj qab haus huv, lub conjunctiva muab lub qhov muag kom muaj dej txaus, kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txav mus los hauv lub hnab lacrimal, tso lub pob tshab tiv thaiv qhov thaiv uas tsis txo qhov pom kev pom thiab lub teeb pom kev ntawm lub qhov muag.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum khaus, kub hnyiab, nce tearing pib nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag, ib tug network ntawm dilated cov hlab ntsha tshwm nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub cornea, txawv teb chaws inclusions thiab mob thaum tsiv lub qhov muag yog hnov, daim tawv muag los yog ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag o, nws tuaj yeem xaus lus tias dhau ntawm qhov muag fornix inflammatory dab. Conjunctivitis yog kab mob uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau hauv ob sab ntawm lub qhov muag.
Yuav ua li cas kho cov kab mob conjunctivitis hauv menyuam yaus? Qhov teeb meem no yuav tham hauv qab no.
Type of conjunctivitis
Nyob ntawm qhov xwm thiab qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob, muaj peb hom kab mob conjunctivitis uas yuav tsum tau muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los kuaj xyuas, kho thiab tiv thaiv.
1. Cov kab mob conjunctivitis - tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam kab mob xws li staphylococci, chlamydia, thiab lwm yam. Lawv nkag mus rau hauv mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov muag ob qho tib si los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud nrog kev tu cev tsis txaus, kev puas tsuaj los yog ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog ntawm lub cev, thiab los ntawm cov kab mob microflora ntawm lub cev nws tus kheej thaum lub sijhawm kis kab mob. Yog tias cov kab mob conjunctivitis tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau tsom rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic.
2. Viral conjunctivitis - cuam tshuam lub conjunctiva tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm adenovirus thiab enterovirus kab mob, mob khaub thuas, herpes, rubella, kab mob qhua pias. Feem ntau cov kab mob kis tau nrog rhinitis, pharyngitis, lossis ib qho kab mob sib npaug ntawm cov kab mob conjunctivitis.
3. Ua xuaConjunctivitis nrog yuav luag txhua hom kev ua xua ntawm lub cev rau tshuaj, khoom noj, tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg thiab yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev tsis haum rhinitis, dermatitis thiab hawb pob.
Kab mob conjunctivitis hauv menyuam yaus. Yog vim li cas
Conjunctivitis hauv cov menyuam yaus yog ib yam kab mob ntau heev thiab txog li 5 xyoos raug kuaj pom nyob rau hauv 30% ntawm tag nrho cov qhov muag pathologies. Qhov no yog vim lub peculiarities ntawm tus me nyuam lub cev thiab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas yog nquag tsim thiab tsis zoo tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm kev phiv. Tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb me me yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov menyuam pawg thiab kev nyob.
Muaj kev pheej hmoo kis tus kab mob ntawm cov mucous ntawm tus menyuam lub qhov muag, uas tseem tseem ceeb me ntsis rau kev tu cev thiab cov qauv huv huv, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov menyuam yaus thaum lub sijhawm incubation, thaum tus menyuam muaj mob txuas ntxiv sib txuas lus nrog cov phooj ywg thiab dhau los ua tus qhov chaw ntawm kev kis tus kab mob ntxiv, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm lub neej ntawm cov menyuam yaus - tag nrho cov no ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob sib kis, nrog rau qhov muag. Qhov no yog li cas kab mob conjunctivitis tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus.
Hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab, qhov chaw tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm tus kab mob conjunctivitis, uas tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm dhau los ntawm tus niam txiv uas tsis tau kho cov kab mob sib deev - gonorrhea lossis chlamydia. Cov kab mob conjunctivitis no tshwm sim hauv hnub yug thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj, suav nrog qhov muag tsis pom thiab poob qhov muag yogtsis muab kev kho mob raws sijhawm.
Nrog hnub nyoog, qhov taw qhia ntawm qhov muag pathologies hauv cov menyuam yaus pib hloov mus rau ntau yam kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo, xws li myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism.
Kev kuaj kab mob kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus
Txoj kev kuaj mob, kho thiab tu cev ntawm ntau yam kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus los ntawm tus kws kho mob nto moo Evgeny Olegovich Komarovsky tau nrov heev niaj hnub no. Nws lub tsev kawm ntawv, uas muaj TV thiab luam tawm, tau txais kev lees paub dav los ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib thiab txhua tus niam txiv lub luag haujlwm. Qhov yooj yim, nkag siab, tsis pub lwm tus paub txog kev nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kws kho mob nto moo pab txhawb kev nco qab thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov pej xeem qhia cov tub ntxhais hluas.
Txoj kev tshawb fawb los piav qhia txog cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov menyuam yaus feem ntau thiab muaj cov kev daws teeb meem muab rau cov niam txiv muaj sijhawm los tshuaj xyuas txhua yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kho mob nyuaj thiab ntsuas qhov xav tau kev pab tshaj lij.
Kev sib kis, kev ua ub no thiab lub sijhawm ntawm exacerbation ntawm cov kab mob conjunctivitis hauv cov menyuam yaus yog qhov nyuaj rau kho kom raug, txij li qhov zaus ntawm cov txheej txheem, cov txheeb ze yooj yim feem ntau ntawm kev tshem tawm qhov mob, qhov kev paub zoo ntawm kev kho mob yav dhau los - cov no yam ua rau tsis tshua mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Kev kuaj mob nyob ntawm seb cov kab mob conjunctivitis tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam li cas. Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem sib txawv.
Feem ntau nws tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas cov kab mob sib kis tsis tau tsim nyog, vim tias nws cov chav kawm tsis yog tshwj xeeb thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lwm hom yog muaj cov mucopurulent lossis purulent tawm raws cov npoo ntawm daim tawv muag lossis nquag qhuav crusts ntawm lub qhov muag.. Cov cim qhia sib xyaw kuj tuaj yeem yog liab ntawm daim tawv muag thiab pob txha ntawm lub qhov muag, o ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nce kua muag, khaus.
Cov menyuam yaus yws yws ntawm qhov kub hnyiab ntawm lawv qhov muag, feem ntau pib rub lawv ob lub qhov muag ntawm tes, ua rau qaug zog, ntxhi. Tej zaum qhov nce me ntsis hauv lub cev kub. Cov paib no, twb tau nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm qhov mob, muab cov cim qhia rau cov niam txiv uas mob siab rau thiab tso cai rau koj kom sai thiab nws tus kheej txwv tsis pub kis tus kab mob.
Yog tias, nrog rau lwm cov tsos mob tsis zoo, tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntau yam kab mob conjunctivitis, txhua qhov xwm txheej uas tus menyuam tuaj yeem kis mob yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas.
Piv txwv li, mus rau cov xwm txheej loj, khoom noj tshiab, tsiaj plaub hau, cov khoom ua si qias neeg, ntxhua khaub ncaws, da dej hauv pas dej, taug kev ntev uas ua rau mob ntshav qab zib lossis tau txais plua plav ntau hauv qhov muag - cov yam no yuav pab tau. txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua xua lossis kab mob sib kis.
Thaum muaj cov tsos mob txaus ntshai (mob qhov muag, photophobia, pom qhov muag tsis pom kev, hlwv ntawm daim tawv muag), hu rau tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus lossis tsev neeg tus kws kho mob yuav tso cai rau koj pib kho sai dua thiab zam qhov tshwm sim tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Txhawm rau tsim kev kuaj mob kom raug, tus kws kho mob pom txhua yam tshwm sim thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, tshuaj xyuas lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag, daim tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous daim nyias nyias, thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, muab kev xa mus rau tus kws kho mob nqaim - tus kws kho qhov muag.
Kev noj cov tshuaj smear los ntawm lub conjunctiva rau kev kuaj cytological thiab biomicroscopy tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab tsis meej thiab xaiv cov tshuaj tsim nyog rau kev kho mob.
Tseem muaj cov kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb - piv txwv li, txoj hauv kev Gram thiab Giemsa, uas muaj qhov ua tau zoo yuav ua rau muaj qhov mob rau ib qho ntawm ntau yam kab mob conjunctivitis. Yog li, qhov tshwm sim neutrophilia nyob rau hauv lub mucosal scraping qhia cov kab mob ntawm o, lymphocytosis yuav unequivocally paub meej tias tus kab mob ntawm conjunctivitis, thiab eosinophilic inclusions - allergic.
Yog li, tus menyuam muaj kab mob conjunctivitis. Komarovsky tawm tswv yim kho cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb.
Ntau hom kab mob sib kis
Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no ua pov thawj tias qhov tsim ntawm microflora ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov muag tshwm sim tom qab yug me nyuam, thiab tsis yog thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev yug me nyuam, raws li yav tas los xav. Ntxiv nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob microflora ib txwm muaj, qee cov kab mob pathogenic, xws li staphylococci thiab diphtheroids, muaj nyob hauv qhov muag.
Txawm hais tias cov kua lacrimal muaj ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv (immunoglobulins, lysozyme, lactoferrin), Staphylococcus aureus tau ua tiav kom kov yeej qhov teeb meem no thiabnyob ruaj khov nyob rau hauv lub conjunctival mucosa. Qhov tshwm sim yog kab mob conjunctivitis. Komarovsky pom zoo kho cov menyuam yaus nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.
Kev kho mob
Kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav - ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin - feem ntau muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo sai. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj thiab cov kab mob uas tiv taus cov tshuaj tua kab mob no yog ib qho kev sib cav rau kev sib cais ntau dua ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau cov kab mob conjunctival thiab xaiv cov tshuaj nrog qhov nqaim ntawm kev ua. Qhov no yog qhov kab mob loj npaum li cas tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam. Kev tshuaj xyuas tau zoo.
kab mob diphtheria thiab gonococcal ntau yam kab mob conjunctivitis xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob-fluoroquinolones tam sim no tau nthuav dav, uas tau ua pov thawj zoo hauv kev tawm tsam cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob conjunctivitis, tshwj tsis yog cov kab mob streptococcal thiab pneumococcal. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm ntau tus kab mob rau cov tshuaj no kuj nce sai heev. Qhov no yog kev kho mob nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob ntawm "cov kab mob conjunctivitis hauv cov menyuam yaus". Kev txo qis hauv kev kho yog siv ntau zaus, ntau ntxiv rau hauv qab no.
siv tee
Ib qho zoo rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog kev siv cov polymyxin-B ua ke hauv daim ntawv tee thiab tshuaj pleev. Cov tee yog sau rau ntawm ib ntus ntawm 2-3 teev, 2-3 tee hauv txhua lub qhov muag, tshuaj pleev - 3-4 zaug hauv ib hnub, thiab siv kom txog thaum tus menyuam rov zoo tag, uas yog, rau 5-7 hnub.mus txog 10-14 hnub.
Thaum tus neeg sawv cev ua rau tus kab mob pneumococcal tau tsim, kev ntxuav nrog cov tshuaj boric acid tau muab tshuaj, vim tias cov kab mob no sib xyaw ua ke hauv ib puag ncig alkaline, yog li acidification ntawm microflora ntawm lub qhov muag yuav nres kev txhim kho cov kab mob pathological. Qee hom bacilli raug cuam tshuam los ntawm 0.25% -0.5% kev daws teeb meem ntawm zinc sulfate, uas yog siv 4-6 zaug hauv ib hnub. Qhov no yog kev kho mob rau kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob conjunctivitis hauv cov menyuam yaus.
Ib txoj hauv kev zoo los kho cov mob ntev ntawm cov kab mob conjunctivitis yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj steroid thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Tab sis muab qhov feem pua ntawm cov teeb meem tom qab siv cov tshuaj no, lawv tsuas yog muab rau kev mob hnyav, thiab yog tias mob conjunctivitis lawv tsis siv. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis pub dhau 2-3 hnub daim duab kho mob los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tsis hloov pauv mus rau qhov zoo dua, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau nres thiab zais qhov ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo yuav tsum tau saib.
Kab mob conjunctivitis tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam kab mob purulent-septic xws li otitis media, tonsillitis, pyoderma, ntxiv rau kev kho mob hauv zos, tau kawg, yuav tsum tau kho cov kab mob uas ua rau hom kab mob conjunctivitis, thiab feem ntau ploj mus nrog nws. kawg.
Qhia los ntawm Dr. Komarovsky
Thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob conjunctivitis, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob txuas nrog rau cov menyuam yaus.
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm conjunctivitis, tus menyuam yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawmlwm cov menyuam yaus, tsis kam mus kawm cov menyuam yaus cov tsev kawm ntawv. Tom qab kev teem caij los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist los yog tus kws kho mob ntawm kev kho mob, ua raws li daim ntawv qhia thiab txoj kev siv cov tshuaj kom raug raws li qhov ua tau. Tsis txhob siv cov ntaub qhwv los yog lub qhov muag ntev ntev, vim tias qhov no tiv thaiv tsis tau blinking, uas txhais tau hais tias ntxuav cov mucous membrane nrog kua muag thiab tshem tawm cov purulent deposits los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag.
ntxuav qhov muag nrog infusions ntawm chamomile, calendula, kev daws teeb meem ntawm boric acid los yog furacilin yog nqa tawm 5-8 zaug nyob rau nruab hnub, nrog paj rwb ntaub sib txawv rau txhua lub qhov muag, abundantly moistened. So yuav tsum yog los ntawm sab ntug ntawm lub qhov muag mus rau sab hauv. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj drip nrog ib puag ncig pipette, tsis txhob kov daim tawv muag lossis lub pob txha ntawm lub qhov muag, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob kis kab mob hauv cov pipette.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj kev sib cuag, koj yuav tsum muab cov tshuaj pleev rau kev kho mob hauv qab daim tawv muag. Rau cov kab mob conjunctivitis, tee nrog chloramphenicol, albucid, tetracycline lossis erythromycin ointment yog sau.
Vim yuav luag txhua hom kab mob sib kis tau nrog rau qhov muag qhuav, tawv nqaij qhuav nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub qhov muag, uas tsuas yog ua kom hnyav nrog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los siv cov kua muag hloov, xws li Systein thiab Vidisik, los tswj. ruaj khov noo noo nyob rau hauv lub mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm qhov muag o. . Yog li koj tuaj yeem kov yeej kab mob conjunctivitis hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog 6 xyoo. Kev kho mob, tau kawg, yuav tsum tau pom zoo nrog tus kws kho mob.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob conjunctivitis hauv menyuam yaus
Ua tau zoo tshajkev tiv thaiv tus kab mob tsis zoo yog kev qhia tas li ntawm cov menyuam yaus txog kev nyiam huv ntawm tus kheej. Kev ntxuav tes ntau zaus rau menyuam mos, ntxuav cov khoom ua si thiab sab hauv kom tua kab mob, kab lis kev cai zaub mov piav qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob ua ntej ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, cutlery thaum noj mov yuav pab tshem tawm cov kab mob qhov muag tsis tu ncua.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev qhia cov menyuam yaus kom faus lawv ob lub qhov muag thiab siv cov tshuaj pleev rau lawv tus kheej, vim cov menyuam yaus tsis quav ntsej txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov chaw mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov muag, yog li tus menyuam tus kheej kev koom tes hauv kev kho mob yuav ua kom lub cev muaj zog. txheej txheem rov qab. Koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov dej num txhawm rau txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob: taug kev, ua si kis las, noj zaub mov zoo, noj cov vitamins thaum kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog, cov txheej txheem tawv.
Cov niam txiv yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov kab mob urogenital ua ntej yug menyuam thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, raug kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov kwj dej yug, saib xyuas thiab kho tshwj xeeb ntawm tus menyuam qhov muag tom qab yug menyuam.
