Hnub no, kev sib deev tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv yog ib txwm muaj ntawm cov niam txiv tsis tau sib yuav thaum cev xeeb tub tsis xav tau. Tseem muaj cov xwm txheej ntawm kev quab yuam deev, contraindications rau kev coj tus kheej. Hauv qhov no, nws yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev uas cuam tshuam. Feem ntau cov pej xeem thiab txawm tias qee tus neeg ua haujlwm kho mob tsis paub meej txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub, yog li muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis txaus ntseeg, tsis tiav kev pab tsim nyog.
Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob tom qab kev sib deev tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Ib qho ntawm cov no yog txoj kev Yuzpe, uas muaj kev noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua ke.
Keeb kwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv xwm txheej kub ntxhov
Tau ntau xyoo lawm, cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm kev xeeb tub tom qab kev sib deev tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, thiab xaus lus tias nrog kev sib deev tsis tu ncua, feem pua ntawm kev xeeb tub yog 20-25% nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog, uas yog, 20-25 khub niam txiv tawm ntawm 100 cev xeeb tub tom qab kev sib deev.
Txhua tus ntxhais, poj niam yuav tsum paubConception conditions:
- lub sijhawm ovulation - lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws, tshwm sim nrog lub voj voog tsis tu ncua rau hnub 14;
- fertilization - 5 hnub ua ntej tso cov qe los ntawm cov follicle tseem ceeb, 1 hnub tom qab ntawd: yog tias ntxov - cov spermatozoa ntawm tus txiv neej cov phev tuag, yog tias tom qab - lub qe qe tuag;
- lub qe fertilized yuav tsum tau thauj los ntawm cov hlab ntsha fallopian, ruaj ntseg txuas mus rau phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev menyuam, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv cov kabmob no;
- Muaj 14 hnub ntawm kev sib deev thiab cev xeeb tub.
Txawm tias thaum ub, cov poj niam tau sim ntau txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub - da dej kub, ntxuav nrog decoctions ntawm ntau yam nroj tsuag, siv tshuab - thaws, txham tom qab kev sib deev. Cov ntaub ntawv ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog nyob rau hauv Egypt, qhov chaw uas lawv thawj zaug tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov chaw mos smeared nrog zib mu.
Tam sim no, kev tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov tom qab ua tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem yav dhau los, tsuas yog lub npe tseem tshuav, thiab cov tswv yim tsis raug mob, tsis txhob hem tus poj niam txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Cov txheej txheem muaj npe tom qab kws kho mob los ntawm Canada, Albert Yuzpe, thiab tau siv txij li xyoo 1977. Cov tshuaj noj nyob rau hauv txoj kev no yog cais raws li hormonal contraceptives (COCs).
Txoj Cai Tswjfwm Ntiag Tug
- Txhais rau kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev yuav tsum siv tau, nyab xeeb,muaj txiaj ntsig.
- Component - estradiol, levonorgestrel, tso daim ntawv - ntsiav tshuaj.
- Txhua yam tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam, tso cai rau tus poj niam xaiv rau nws tus kheej.
- Kev pheej hmoo ntawm cev xeeb tub thaum noj hauv 3-5 hnub mus txog 3%.
- Txais nyiaj tsis pub dhau 5 hnub tom qab ejaculation.
- Muaj peev xwm siv rau cov neeg uas muaj contraindications rau hormonal contraception.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hormonal sib xyaw rau kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev uas siv txoj kev Yuzpe tau noj hauv thawj 72 teev tom qab ejaculation. Cov tshuaj tau noj, uas suav nrog 100 micrograms ntawm estradiol, 500 micrograms ntawm levonorgestrel ob zaug 12 teev tom qab thawj koob tshuaj. Cov txhais tau tias raug coj los rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov koob tshuaj qis COCs. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv America thiab Canada, cov poj niam noj 4 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm Ovral, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees - Tetragynon, nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws - Microgynon, Femodena, Rigevidon, Regulon, Minisiston, 5 ntsiav tshuaj txhua - "Mercilon", "Novineta", "Logest".
Mechanism of action of oral contraceptives
Txoj kev Yuzpe Txoj Kev ua haujlwm hauv kev xyaum yog nyob ntawm seb cov tshuaj tau noj thaum twg. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv postcoital tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lossis ncua sijhawm ovulation, tab sis yog tias cev xeeb tub twb tshwm sim lawm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm pab pawg no tsis cuam tshuam rau nws, uas yog, rho menyuam tawm. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, intrauterine systems cuam tshuam rau conception kom txog thaum lub rooj sib tham ntawm lub qe thiabphev.
Yog tias peb piv kev siv COCs raws li kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev nrog kev rho menyuam tawm hauv kev kho mob, tom qab ntawd thawj zaug, txoj kev siv tau zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm ua ntej kev xeeb tub, thiab qhov thib ob yog ib txoj hauv kev xa tus poj niam los ntawm lub sijhawm. pib ntawm conception. Kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev ua haujlwm txog li 5 hnub tom qab ejaculation, thiab kev rho menyuam tawm - tom qab 5 hnub, thaum lub qe fertilized yog muab tso rau hauv phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev menyuam.
Cov xwm txheej rau kev tsis tuaj yeem ntawm embryo implantation nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib xyaw - txo qis ntawm cov receptors rau cov tshuaj hormones steroid, tsis muaj nuclear channel nyob rau hauv lub secretory theem ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws, tsis sib xws glandular, stromal qhov chaw. endometrium, kev hloov pauv ntawm isocitrate dehydrogenase.
Cov Cai rau kev lees paub ntawm kev sau tshuaj tiv thaiv postcoital
Muaj 4 yam ntawm tus poj niam lub cev mob uas txiav txim siab seb puas siv tshuaj tiv thaiv xwm txheej ceev.
qeb thib 1 - tsis muaj contraindications (thaum pub mis niam, cev xeeb tub yav dhau los, rov siv tshuaj tiv thaiv, rape).
2nd qeb - qhov kev xav tau tshaj qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev sau tshuaj (cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv - strokes, plawv nres; angina pectoris, mob taub hau migraine, kab mob siab).
qeb thib 3 - qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntau dua qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tshuaj.
4th qeb - kiag li contraindications rau kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm ceev (cev xeeb tub tau lees paub los ntawm kev nce hauv tib neeg chorionic gonadotropin hauvntshav, zis, ultrasound).
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
- Kev sib deev tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv (tsis muaj hnab looj tes, tsis siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob).
- Kev puas tsuaj rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob (diaphragm, hnab looj tes).
- Kev tshem tawm ntawm lub cev hauv lub cev.
- Kev qhia txog kev tshem tawm cov kauj.
- Siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob nkaus xwb.
- Impaired siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj ua ke.
- Tsis ntev los no siv cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab - teratogens.
- Tom qab kev rape.
- Kev sib tham thawj zaug.
- noj tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog progestin ntau tshaj 3 teev lig.
- Siv cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke 7 hnub lig.
- Kev tshem tawm ntxov ntxov ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, tsim tsis txaus ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm phab ntsa ntawm qhov chaw mos.
- Kev sib deev thaum ovulation.
Tshwj xeeb rau kev sau tshuaj
- Kev pub niam mis - tsis txhob pub tus menyuam noj 6 teev tom qab noj tshuaj.
- Kev sib deev tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tsawg kawg yog 110-120 teev ua ntej siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob - IUD tso rau pom zoo.
- Ntau yam kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv - kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej kub ntxhov tshwm sim.
- Kev tiv thaiv rov qab - tsis muaj contraindications, kws kho mob pom zoo rau kev npaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kev tiv thaiv xwm txheej kub ntxhovua ntej kev sib deev - kev pom zoo siv lwm txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub.
- Kev sib deev thaum lub sijhawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub - nrog kev coj khaub ncaws tsis tu ncua - yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev rau kev sib deev uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv.
- Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob - tus kws kho mob yuav tsum piav qhia rau tus neeg mob txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog cov tshuaj uas nws tseem noj.
Contraindications rau cov txheej txheem
- Tus poj niam muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoo.
- mob taub hau rau migraine.
- Kev cev xeeb tub.
- Pathology ntawm daim siab.
- haus luam yeeb ntev.
- Pulmonary embolism, keeb kwm ntawm uterine los ntshav.
Kev mob tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev
Kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev coj tus poj niam lub cev ua rau muaj zog hormonal tom qab. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tseem ceeb yog xeev siab, ntuav ntuav, mob hauv siab hauv siab. Kev coj khaub ncaws tom qab kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev tuaj yeem tuaj ntxov heev lossis rov ua dua, lig. Tej zaum txoj kev loj hlob ntawm uterine los ntshav, kev coj khaub ncaws tsis zoo, kev tsis haum tshuaj.
Uzpe txoj kev: poj niam tshuaj xyuas
Poj niam pw ua ke feem ntau siv "hluav taws" tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tom qab kev sib deev tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Kev tshuaj xyuas txog kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev yog qhov zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj nyob hauv blogs, ntawm ntau lub rooj sib tham, hauvhauv social networks. Qhov no yog tag nrho vim qhov tseeb tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev teem caij ntawm txoj kev no yog qhov siab heev - hauv 70-98% ntawm cov neeg mob, cev xeeb tub tsis tshwm sim, uas cuam tshuam cov kev tshuaj xyuas txog cov qauv no.
Yog li, kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub tom qab tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov neeg mob uas siv txoj kev no hauv lub neej yog vim qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txoj kev.
