Neurosurgery yog ib ceg tshwj xeeb ntawm kev phais uas kawm thiab cuam tshuam nrog kev phais mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrab thiab lub paj hlwb peripheral. Hauv kev nkag siab dav dua, cov ntsiab lus no txhais tau hais tias cov kab mob ntawm lub hlwb thiab qaum qaum, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob hlwb yuav xav tau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm vascular pathologies ntawm lub hauv paus paj hlwb thiab hydrocephalus, uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus.
Kev tshwm sim thiab maj mam txhim kho ntawm neurosurgery
Neurosurgery sawv tawm raws li kev coj noj coj ua ntawm kev mob hlwb hauv 20s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, uas tau hais los ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm kev kho mob polytrauma thiab kev coj ua tsov rog. Thaum nws pib, kev tshawb fawb tau cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam kab mob, ntxiv rau, kev kuaj mob thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho mob phais yog qhov me me. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, muaj kev sib tw ntse hauv kev txhim kho kev lag luam, uas yog kev siv dav dav ntawm microscopic optics thiab qhov sib txawv me me invasive xeem txoj kev. Tam sim no, neurosurgery yog ib qho tshwj xeeb uas muaj kev cia siab zoo thiab tab tom txhim kho tas li.
Nervous system thiab xav tau kev phais neurosurgery
Lub paj hlwb yog ntau tus neeg xyuas pib thiab cov chaw ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas uas ua haujlwm tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm lawv txoj kev ncaj ncees, lawv qhov kev sib piv ntawm qhov tseeb thiab tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj yog qhov tsim nyog, uas yog ua tau tsuas yog nrog kev siv cov microscopy. Ib qho kev sib piv txoj kev kawm tso cai rau koj kom pom tseeb cov qauv thiab kev hloov pauv hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum, uas tsis muaj rau cov qauv x-rays thiab ultrasound. Nws yog cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab no uas tso cai rau tus kws tshaj lij txhawm rau txheeb xyuas thiab kho kom raug mob aneurysms, thrombosis thiab congenital malformations ntawm lub hlwb hauv lub sijhawm.
Kab mob ntawm neurosurgery
Tus kws kho mob xa mus rau kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob neurosurgeon thaum muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub paj hlwb. Cov qog nqaij hlav zoo muaj xws li meningiomas, dermoid, hemangioblastomas, colloid cysts, astrocytomas, neurinomas. Malignant qog formations yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau hom astrocytomas thiab glioblastoma. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov txheej txheem purulent, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub hlwb abscesses thiab purulent meningitis, kev pab los ntawm ib tug neurosurgeon yog tseem tsim nyog. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st, lub paj hlwb neurosurgery tau dhau mus, thiab ntau ntawm nws subdivision - neurovascular phais, uas kho aneurysms thiab hemorrhages, nqaim thiab pathological dilations ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thrombosis thiab arteriovenous malformations.
Ntau zaus, chav haujlwm ntawm neurosurgery tau txaisCov neeg mob uas muaj discogenic radiculitis, compression thiab stenosis ntawm tus txha caj qaum, spinal hernias. Yog hais tias lub paj hlwb raug torn los yog bruised, nws tseem yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob neurosurgeon. Kev raug mob rau lub taub hau thiab txha nraub qaum yog ib feem ntawm polytrauma, yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm xws li raug mob, ntxiv rau ib tug traumatologist, ib tug kws kho mob tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lub teb yuav tsum tau koom tes
Neurosurgery. Ib qho tshiab subdivision ntawm lub paj hlwb neurosurgery yog kev ua haujlwm thiab stereotaxic phais. Nws kho mob qaug dab peg, Parkinson's disease, tshee, mob mob thiab neuralgia ntawm lub thib tsib thiab cuaj cranial qab haus huv.
Congenital malformations ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab qaum qaum kuj raug kho los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob neurosurgeon, tab sis ntawm ib tug me nyuam profile. Qhov no suav nrog hydrocephalus, kev phais kev kho mob uas tau ua nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus yuav luag ntau dua li tag nrho lwm cov pathologies ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb.
Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum pom tus kws kho mob hlwb?
Peb muab cov tsos mob uas yuav ua rau tus neeg mob paub seb puas yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Spinal neurosurgery feem ntau muaj
cuam tshuam nrog tus txha caj qaum, uas, nyob ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov loj me, muaj cov tsos mob sib txawv. Yog li, tshwj xeeb, nrog rau hernia ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam cheeb tsam, loog ntawm cov ntiv tes, mob hauv lub xub pwg nyom, kiv taub hau, thiab nquag hloov ntshav siab. Nrog rau thaj tsam ntawm hernial protrusion nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam thoracic, tus neeg mob feem ntau sau txog qhov mob tsis tu ncua.nyob rau hauv lub sternum thiab cov tsos mob ntawm intercostal neuralgia. Yog tias koj muaj hernia ntawm lub lumbar, ces loog ntawm cov ntiv taw, mob ib ce nyob rau hauv ob txhais ceg, nyuaj taug kev thiab tig lub cev yog feem ntau sau tseg. Kev raug mob ntawm lub hlwb muaj cov tsos mob ruaj khov thiab feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis nco qab, xeev siab, mob taub hau, pom kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev txav thiab tinnitus. Neurosurgery ntawm lub hlwb feem ntau ntsib qhov tshwj xeeb pathology. Kev raug mob ntawm cov extremities nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm impaired paj hlwb muaj nuj nqi yog manifested nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm loog loog los yog discoloration ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm ntu innervated los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav feem ntau tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam tsos mob, yog li CT thiab MRI nyob hauv ib qho chaw tseem ceeb ntawm no.
Neurosurgery. Kev ua haujlwm
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev phais hauv cheeb tsam no tuaj yeem muab faib ua radical thiab palliative. Lo lus "radical" txhais tau hais tias nrog lawv cov kev pab nws muaj peev xwm kho tau tus neeg mob tag nrho. Qhov no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, siv rau feem ntau raug mob, qaum qaum
hernias thiab qee qhov vascular pathologies. Palliative interventions tsom txo cov tsos mob, tab sis tsis daws qhov teeb meem hauv qab. Cov haujlwm no suav nrog kev cuam tshuam rau cov qog nqaij hlav thiab qee hom hydrocephalus.
Neurosurgery, zoo li kev phais mob plawv, yog ib ceg ua haujlwm siab uas siv cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub thiab cov txheej txheem kuaj tshiab. Qhov kev xav tau ntawm qhov tseeb yog vim qhov nyuaj ntawm cov qauv thiab cov ntshav muaj zog.central qhov chaw ntawm lub paj hlwb. Yog li, tus kws kho mob neurosurgeon yuav tsum ua qhov kev txiav txim siab siab txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov teeb meem tshwm sim thiab lawv qhov tshwm sim.
Kev cob qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv neurosurgery
Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo kawm ntawv hauv tsev kawm kho mob, tus tub ntxhais kawm uas tau qhia tias xav ua tus kws kho mob hlwb yuav tsum ua kom tiav kev xyaum ua haujlwm uas kav ntev li 2-3 xyoos, lossis chaw nyob (hauv Western Europe thiab Asmeskas) rau 6 xyoo. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev cob qhia no yog vim qhov nyuaj ntawm ob qho tib si kev qhuab qhia nws tus kheej thiab txoj kev nyuaj ntawm kev kho cov kab mob ntawm lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. Hauv chav kawm tshwj xeeb, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum paub cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ceev rau kev phais mob hlwb. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum muaj cov txuj ci ua tau zoo heev. Qhov no ua tiav los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej hauv kev kawm.
Neurosurgery hauv peb lub tebchaws
Kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tsom iav tsom iav, tau pab txhawb rau kev qhib cov chaw kho mob neurosurgical tsis yog txawv teb chaws, tab sis kuj nyob hauv peb lub teb chaws. Hauv cov nroog loj, muaj ntau lub tsev kho mob neurosurgical uas tau hloov kho los muab kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau ntau pawg neeg mob. Hauv cov tsev kho mob neurosurgical niaj hnub no, kev kho mob zoo ntawm kev qaug dab peg, trigeminal thiab glossopharyngeal neuralgia yog nqa tawm siv txoj kev stereotaxis. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov kev cuam tshuam rov tsim kho tom qab raug mob thiab qog nqaij hlav tau kawm;spinal neurosurgery.
Cov lus qhia los ntawm tus kws kho mob neurosurgeon
Nov yog qee cov lus qhia tseem ceeb los ntawm kev phais mob hlwb. Cov no yog cov lus pom zoo uas yuav xav tau rau ob tus neeg noj qab haus huv thiab tus neeg mob ntawm lub tuam tsev kho mob neurosurgical. Tshwj xeeb:
- Ib txwm ua raws li kev nyab xeeb thiab siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej thaum ua si lossis cov xwm txheej pej xeem. Tus neeg caij maus taus yuav tsum hnav ib lub kaus mom hlau tiv thaiv kev raug mob ntawm lub hlwb.
- Kev cob qhia kis las yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov kev npaj ua ntej thiab coj mus rau tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws lub cev. Kev thauj khoom ntawm cov leeg nqaij ib leeg yuav tsum khaus, tab sis tsis tso cai rau lub xeev ntawm "overtraining" lossis kev qaug zog tseem ceeb.
- Kev pw tsaug zog zoo yuav tsum nruab nrab 8 teev.
- Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob tom qab raug mob lossis tshem tawm cov hernia kom loj tshaj plaws nyob ntawm tus neeg mob, uas yog lawv ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo. Kev npaj, tab sis kev kho lub cev tsis tu ncua thiab kev kho lub cev muab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
