Cov menyuam kawm ntawv yog ib lub qhov puag ncig ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm lub qhov muag, ib hom diaphragm uas hloov tau nws txoj kab uas hla. Cov photoreceptors rhiab heev ntawm lub qhov muag hnov mob nrog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg qhov tseeb rau kev hloov pauv hauv cov dej ntws ntawm lub teeb rays. Nyob ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm illumination, ib tug tshwj xeeb cov nqaij ntshiv txo los yog nce qhov loj ntawm lub qhov, yog li tswj tus nqi ntawm lub teeb nkag mus rau hauv lub puab plhaub - lub retina. Ib qho kev hloov ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm txoj kab uas hla yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws qhia txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev mob ntawm lub hlwb. Tsis yog tsis muaj laj thawj, hauv ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab uas tau mob siab rau cov tshuaj kho mob xwm txheej ceev, koj tuaj yeem pom tias tus kws kho mob ci lub teeb nqaim rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm tus neeg mob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhaws thiab ntsuas qib ntawm kev nco qab.
Hloov cov menyuam kawm ntawv qhov loj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau dua li qhov pom ntawm lub teeb. Piv txwv li, thaum ib tug neeg pom ib yam dab tsi uas txaus siab heev, tus menyuam kawm ntawv hloov loj heev.
Yog tias cov menyuam kawm ntawv nthuav dav, qhov laj thawj ntawm qhov no tuaj yeem yog cov hauv qab no: kev xav muaj zog, kev zoo siab, nce siab, mob,ntshai. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov mob mus tas li, uas thaum kawg ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub paj hlwb.
Tub kawm thiab kab mob
Txoj kev nthuav dav ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv hu ua mydriasis los ntawm cov kws kho mob. Tus mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj tshuaj lossis tshuaj muaj zog (xws li tshuaj).
Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws kho mob hais tias yog cov menyuam kawm ntawv nthuav dav, qhov ua rau yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab sai li sai tau. Mydriasis tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob (ob qho tib si rau lub qhov muag nws tus kheej thiab lub hlwb), nrog rau mob stroke, qaug dab peg, thiab lwm yam kab mob hauv lub hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muaj hnub nyoog sib txawv, cov laj thawj ntawm kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm qhov loj yog txawv. Yog hais tias cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm ib tug neeg laus yog dilated, qhov ua rau ntawm qhov tshwm sim no yuav pw nyob rau hauv qhov txhab thiab kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb.
Tab sis yog tias qhov no tau pom hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab thiab cov menyuam yaus, tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb. Yog hais tias cov menyuam kawm ntawv dilated tau sau tseg rau hauv ib tug menyuam yaus, cov laj thawj ntawm qhov tshwm sim no yuav nyob hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces. Nws yog noteworthy tias nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos, cov me nyuam kawm ntawv yog txawv kiag li qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Feem ntau, tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb. Tab sis yog hais tias tus menyuam kawm ntawv tau dilated ntau tshaj 1 hli thiab tsis rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub loj nyob rau hauv lub teeb, ces qhov no twb yog vim li cas mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Mydriasis nyob rau hauv ib tug hluas yog ib qho teeb meem
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, cov tshuaj kuj ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv - yeeb tshuaj yeeb, LSD, tshuaj maj, amphetamines thiab lwm yam tshuaj tua kab mob. Yog hais tias ib tug hluas tau dilated cov menyuam kawm ntawv, yog vim li cas rau qhov no, xws lifeem ntau tsis hwm. Ib qho kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv qhov loj yog pom tias yog lub cim ntawm kev siv tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov niam txiv thiab cov kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov tshwm sim tsis sib xws (tsis tu ncua ntawm cov menyuam yaus) kuj yog ib qho kev qhia tseeb ntawm kev qaug cawv nrog tshuaj opiate. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus menyuam kawm ntawv yog qhov nqaim txawv txav thiab tsis nthuav dav txawm nyob hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav nthuav dav vim muaj mob. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias mydriasis ua rau nws muaj peev xwm xav tias muaj kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb lossis cov hlab ntsha. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov menyuam kawm ntawv sib txawv yog ib qho kev qhia ntxov ntawm cov qog hlwb lossis mob hnyav.
Yog tias koj pom tias koj lossis koj tsev neeg muaj cov menyuam kawm ntawv nthuav dav, vim li cas yuav tsum tau txiav txim kom sai li sai tau. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv thoob plaws muab qhov muag zoo nkauj, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem ua teeb meem teeb meem thiab mob.
