Capillary flaw detection yog ib txoj hauv kev los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm qee yam kua hauv cov khoom tsis xws luag hauv qab kev cuam tshuam ntawm capillary siab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb thiab xim ntawm qhov chaw tsis zoo nce ntxiv rau qhov tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Kev qhia rau cov txheej txheem no
Capillary flaw detection (uas yog, capillary inspection) yog tsim los xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas qhov pom tsis pom lossis nyuam qhuav pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab thiab qhov tsis xws luag. Peb tab tom tham txog kab nrib pleb, pores, tsis muaj kev nkag mus, intercrystalline corrosion, plhaub, fistulas thiab lwm yam.
Txoj kev ntawm cov txheej txheem no
Nyob rau hauv ntau lub sijhawm, cov kev cai yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov tsis xws luag me me uas nws yuav luag tsis pom lawv hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag nrog qhov muag liab qab. Kev siv cov cuab yeej ntsuas qhov muag, piv txwv li,magnifying iav los yog microscope, tsis ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus ntes ib tug defect deg vim tsis txaus cov duab sib piv rau cov keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm hlau thiab ib tug me me teb ntawm qhov siab magnification. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug txheej txheem tswj capillary yog siv.
Raws li ib feem ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev tswj cov qauv rau kev kuaj pom qhov tsis txaus ntawm capillary, cov kua dej ntsuas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov kab noj hniav ntawm cov kab noj hniav thiab qhov tsis sib xws hauv cov khoom ntawm cov khoom tswj. Thiab qhov taw qhia kab tsim tau kaw qhov muag lossis los ntawm kev hloov pauv. Kev tswj los ntawm cov txheej txheem capillary yog ua raws li GOST "Cov txheej txheem Capillary. Cov kev cai dav dav."
Kev muaj kab noj hniav yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej
Ib yam tsim nyog rau kev tshawb pom qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm cov txheej txheem capillary yog qhov muaj cov kab noj hniav tsis muaj cov kab mob thiab lwm yam khoom uas muaj kev nkag mus rau qhov tob ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom loj tshaj qhov qhib tag nrho. dav.
Txoj kev ntawm capillary flaw detection tau muab faib ua qhov yooj yim, uas siv capillary tshwm sim, thiab ua ke, uas yog ua los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob lossis ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev sim tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj uas txawv ntawm lub cev. Ib txoj hauv kev no yog kev tshuaj xyuas capillary (lossis, ua lwm yam lus, kuaj pom qhov tsis txaus capillary).
Destination
Capillary flaw detection (piv txwv li kev tswj capillary) yog npaj rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov pom tsis pom lossis pom tsis zoo ntawm qhov muag liab qab los ntawm thiab ntog hauv cov khoom.tswj. Cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau koj los txiav txim lawv qhov chaw nyob, qhov twg thiab kev taw qhia ntawm qhov chaw.
Capillary txoj kev ntawm kev kuaj tsis yog kev puas tsuaj yog ua raws li kev nkag mus ntawm capillary ntawm cov kua ntsuas mus rau hauv kab noj hniav ntawm qhov chaw thiab los ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom. Raws li ib feem ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm cov txheej txheem no, qhov taw qhia kab tsim tau sau npe pom lossis siv lub tshuab hloov pauv.
Control rules
Cov txheej txheem kuaj capillary yog siv los tswj cov khoom ntawm txhua qhov loj thiab cov duab, uas yog ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau thiab ferrous, hlau alloy, cam khwb cia hlau, hlau txheej, yas thiab lwm yam. Cov ntaub ntawv xws li iav thiab ceramics kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub zog, foob pob hluav taws thev naus laus zis, aviation thiab shipbuilding. Txoj kev no, ntawm lwm yam, kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev tsim kho cov tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear, hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, hauv kev lag luam metallurgy, automotive, hluav taws xob engineering, mechanical engineering, foundry, stamping, instrumentation thiab lwm yam lag luam. Rau qee cov khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv, cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog txoj hauv kev los txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog ntawm ib feem lossis kev teeb tsa rau kev ua haujlwm.
Capillary flaw detection kuj tseem siv rau kev kuaj tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom uas yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ferromagnetic, thaum lawv cov khoom sib nqus, cov duab, hom thiab qhov chaw ntawm qhov tsis xws luag tsis pub ua tiav qhov kev xav tau los ntawm GOST siv cov hlau nplaum. particle method thiab magnetic particle testing technology.
Qhov tseem ceebCov xwm txheej rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov tsis xws luag xws li kev tsis sib xws hauv cov khoom siv los ntawm txoj hauv kev capillary yog qhov muaj cov kab noj hniav dawb los ntawm txhua yam ntawm cov kab mob thiab lwm yam khoom uas muaj kev nkag mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom, thiab ntxiv rau, qhov tob ntawm kev nthuav tawm, uas muaj ntau tshaj li qhov. dav ntawm lawv qhib. Capillary tswj kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tshawb pom los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog lwm txoj hauv kev thiab saib xyuas cov khoom thaum ua haujlwm.
Dab tsi yog capillary flaw nrhiav pom ntawm welds? Qhov no yuav tham tom qab.
Welds
Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav qhov tsis zoo no tau paub rau noob neej ntev heev. Peb tuaj yeem hais kom paub tseeb tias txawm tias nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, craftsmen tau siv nws los xyuas cov kab nrib pleb tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab ntawm ntau yam khoom. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog rau kev soj ntsuam vuam.
Yuav kom ua tiav cov xim tsis pom kev los ntawm txoj kev capillary, qhov npaj tau muab tso rau hauv cov xim tshwj xeeb, uas feem ntau hu ua penetrant. Hauv cov tshuaj no, ib feem yog khaws cia rau tsib mus rau kaum feeb, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav hauv dej txias. Thaum ntxuav tiav, ib txheej nyias ntawm cov xim dawb yog siv rau qhov chaw tswj, nws tuaj yeem ua av nplaum. Qhuav, cov tshuaj yog absorbed, thiab ib feem yog pleev xim rau. Tus qauv pom meej pom tshwm hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov tsis xws luag.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem no
Cov txheej txheem no txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhavmuaj ntau qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb zoo. Tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim. Txhua yam ntaub ntawv xav tau feem ntau pheej yig heev thiab tuaj yeem yuav ntawm lub khw muag khoom tus qauv.
Kev xeem feem ntau tsis siv sijhawm ntev. Yog li, qhov no txhais tau hais tias xws li cov cuab yeej siv tau txawm tias hauv kev tsim khoom loj. Nws tsis muaj teeb meem txhua qhov qauv rau kev kuaj pom qhov tsis txaus capillary yog ua los ntawm. Nws tuaj yeem, piv txwv li, yuav cam khwb cia hlau lossis hlau nrog rau cov hlau tsis muaj hlau thiab cov hlau tsis muaj hlau, ntau yam yas thiab txawm tias ceramics.
Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov tseeb, vim nws tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas cov kab nrib pleb uas muaj qhov loj ntawm ib micron. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua cov xim tsis pom kev yog qhov yooj yim heev, thiab txawm tias tus neeg zoo tib yam uas tsis muaj kev txawj ntse tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem paub nws. Ntawm chav kawm, muaj ntau yam tsis zoo uas txwv tsis pub siv xws li kev tswj xyuas zoo ntawm welds. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug tsis muaj peev xwm mus ntes tau ib tug zais tsis xws luag thiab cov kab nrib pleb uas tsis tuaj rau saum npoo. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej uas qhov kev xav tau ntawm lub zog tag nrho yog qhov tshwj xeeb siab.
Tam sim ua ntej pib kev tshuaj xyuas, cov khoom yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si ntawm cov av thiab roj. Nws yog nyob rau theem no uas muaj teeb meem loj tshaj plaws tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yuav tsum tau daws, vim tias qhov tseeb ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau txais yuav yog qhov tsis ntseeg siab. Xav tias loj heevcov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv welded, xws li cov kav dej los yog lub tsev thav duab, tsis tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv lub tank nrog lub qhov nkag; thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, xim tsis pom kev yog qhov txwv tsis pub tshaj.
Rau kev lees paub kev kuaj pom qhov tsis xws luag, lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm cov qauv tswj kev kuaj pom qhov tsis txaus capillary hauv kev daws teeb meem, hmoov tsis, tsis txaus. Raws li cov lus pom zoo, lub sijhawm ntawm kev da dej yuav tsum yog li peb caug feeb, thiab yog li cov txheej txheem yooj yim pom zoo kom siv rau kev xaiv xaiv xwb.
Tus tsim tawm rau capillary flaw detection
Cov txheej txheem tswj pib tom qab tus tsim tawm tiav thiab kav li peb caug feeb. Lub xub ntiag ntawm xim saturation qhia qhov loj ntawm qhov tsis xws luag. Qhov qis ntawm cov xim concentration, qhov me me ntawm qhov chaw puas. Lub gamma saturated ntau tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov kab nrib pleb tob. Tom qab ua tiav kev tswj hwm, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm tus tsim tawm nrog dej lossis siv lub tshuab ntxuav tshwj xeeb.
Nws yog vim qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev nkag mus ua kom tiav kev nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw nkag tsis tau tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tsis xws luag. Thiab tus tsim tawm, uas tau siv rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom, muab ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov xim nyob rau hauv cov kab noj hniav ntawm qhov tsis xws luag. Cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau koj kom nkag siab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw tsis raug. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, txoj kev xim xim tshwm sim uas muaj qhov zoo li linear, lub hom phiaj qhia qhov tawg, khawb lossis qhov pore.
Dab tsiCov khoom siv rau kev kuaj pom qhov tsis haum capillary yog siv?
Khoom siv: penetrant
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kuaj pom qhov tsis haum, siv lub penetrant. Qhov no yog cov khoom siv uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nyhuv flawless capillary, uas muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv cov ntu tsis tu ncua ntawm cov khoom, thiab ntxiv rau, muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm kev nrhiav qhov tsis xws luag. Lub penetrant nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj cov khoom uas muaj xim npaj los yog luminescent ntxiv additives. Cov khoom no yog ib qho kev pabcuam zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev txheeb xyuas txhua yam ntawm cov kab nrib pleb thiab qhov chaw tsis zoo.
Kit rau capillary flaw detection
Cov khoom lag luam uas yuav tsum tau ua kom pom qhov tsis haum xim yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov ntaub ntawv luminescent los ntawm Ziglo hom. Cov khoom siv uas xav tau rau kev tswj capillary yog hu ua Magnaflux, Sherwin thiab Helling. Cov phom phom kuj tau siv nrog rau cov phom hydropneumatic, cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo ultraviolet, kuaj vaj huam sib luag, nrog rau kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv cov xim tsis pom kev.
cov lus qhia pab tau
Cov xim ntawm cov xim feem ntau tsis tseem ceeb heev. Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv. Tam sim no GOST qhia meej meej txog qib ntawm kev teeb pom kev zoo hauv lub moj khaum ntawm qhov tsis pom kev. Lawv kuj raug tso cai siv cov xim luminescent, thiab rau qhov tseem ceeb, nws raug nquahu kom siv lub teeb pom kev zoo nrog lub teeb pom kev tsis zoo. ATHauv qee qhov xwm txheej, ib feem yog rhuab kom tau txais cov duab meej dua.
Tau kawg, tsis yog txhua tus neeg muaj lub zeem muag uas tso cai rau koj pom cov kab ci ntsa iab tsuas yog ob peb microns tuab. Thiab nyob rau hauv no hais txog, thaum ua hauj lwm nrog cov qauv, kev siv ntawm ib tug magnifying iav thiab txawm ib tug microscope yog tso cai. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau ntxiv tias nrog kev pab los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov xim tsis pom kev, ib qho tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog kuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov vuam, tab sis kuj yooj yim txheeb xyuas cov pob qij txha ntawm qhov chaw nruj rau ib leeg. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv cov xwm txheej uas koj yuav tsum tau sim disassemble cov cuab yeej uas txawv ntawm qhov tsis paub tsim.
