Dab tsi yog shigellosis thiab yuav kho li cas

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Dab tsi yog shigellosis thiab yuav kho li cas
Dab tsi yog shigellosis thiab yuav kho li cas

Video: Dab tsi yog shigellosis thiab yuav kho li cas

Video: Dab tsi yog shigellosis thiab yuav kho li cas
Video: 생활병 92강. 삶의 공격으로 만드는 염증과 질병. Inflammation and disease produced in life. 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Ntau tus neeg tau hnov txog qhov teeb meem xws li mob plab. Dab tsi yog shigellosis, cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob no, ua rau thiab txoj hauv kev kom tshem tau nws - Kuv xav qhia rau koj paub meej txog txhua yam tam sim no.

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Terminology

Pib, koj yuav tsum nkag siab cov ntsiab lus yooj yim uas tau siv hauv kab lus nthuav tawm. Yog li dab tsi yog shigellosis? Hais lus ntau dua, qhov no yog kab mob plab, i.e. kab mob plab hnyuv kab mob. Ua los ntawm cov kab mob uas nyob hauv tsev neeg Shigella (uas yog lub npe ntawm tus kab mob los ntawm nws tus kheej).

Tsis tas li, cov kws kho mob hais tias qhov teeb meem no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub caij kub, piv txwv li. feem ntau nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, tsis yog lub caij ntuj no. Tib neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm nws sib npaug tsis hais poj niam txiv neej. Txawm li cas los xij, cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 2 txog 4 xyoos feem ntau cuam tshuam.

Nyob rau kab mob

Tus kab mob ua rau tus mob shigellosis yog kab mob ntawm tsev neeg Shigella. Sonne shigella tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tenacious. Lawv tuaj yeem tswj hwm lawv txoj haujlwm tau ntev heev thiab txawm tias ob peb lub hlis (xws li huab cua kub tshwj xeeb). Cov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws rau kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov kab mob no yogkhoom noj khoom haus (cov nqaij minced, boiled nqaij thiab boiled ntses, mis nyuj thiab khoom noj siv mis, nrog rau kissels thiab compotes). Cov kab mob kis tau tus kab mob yog fecal-qhov ncauj. Nws kis tau los ntawm kev sib cuag-tsev neeg, dej thiab zaub mov. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias nws muaj peev xwm kis tau txawm tias tsawg dua 100 Shigella hlwb nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev.

Cov kws kho mob kuj tau hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm tib neeg rau tus kab mob no txawv, piv txwv li, nyob ntawm hom ntshav. Cov rhiab heev tshaj plaws yog cov neeg muaj ntshav: A (II), Hp (2), Rh (-)

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Pathogenicity factors

Cia peb xav ntxiv seb shigellosis yog dab tsi. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov kab mob no lawv tus kheej muaj ntau yam khoom uas yog pathogenic rau tib neeg:

  • Ntxhis. Cov no yog cov protein tshwj xeeb uas pab cov kab mob tsis zoo nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv mucosa. Feem ntau, qhov qis ntawm lub cev no cuam tshuam.
  • Endotoxin. Nws yog ua tsaug rau cov kab no uas ib tug neeg tsim cov tsos mob ntawm intoxication ntawm lub cev.
  • Exotoxin. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem uas cov kab mob tso rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus neeg mob. Nov yog qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem raws plab.

Symptomatics

Yog tias peb tham txog qhov teeb meem xws li shigellosis, cov tsos mob - yog qhov koj yuav tsum tau tham txog. Thaum pib, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob yog feem ntau mob. Tus neeg mob tus kab mob no xav li cas?

  1. Thawj zaug, mob plab tshwm sim, lub npe hu ua "mob plab."
  2. mob plab. Pib mobnpub, ces nws yuav ntse, muaj tus cwj pwm cramping. Localization: qis qis ntawm lub plab, feem ntau ntawm sab laug. Mob yuav nce ntxiv ua ntej lub plab zom mov, thiab kev xav tsis tseeb feem ntau tshwm sim.
  3. Fever.
  4. Cov tsos mob ntawm kev qaug rau lub cev: nce lub cev kub, mob hauv pob qij txha thiab cov leeg, tsis muaj zog.

Tag nrho cov ntsuas no tshwm sim txog hnub tom ntej tom qab kis kab mob. Yog li, lub sij hawm incubation ntawm tus kab mob yog kwv yees li 1-7 hnub (tej zaum nws yuav luv luv mus rau 5-10 teev).

mob plab dysentery

Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav thiab mob ntev. Tus mob shigellosis yog dab tsi? Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias hom kab mob no tau tshwm sim heev. Cov tsos mob yog ci. Cov kws kho mob sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog cov hnyuv loj uas feem ntau cuam tshuam. Cov tsos mob ntawm hom kab mob no:

  • Fever. Qhov kub nce. Yog tias peb tham txog cov menyuam yaus, ces qhov ntsuas tau ncav cuag 40 ° C.
  • Zoo plab. Thaum xub thawj, lub plab zom mov yog luv luv, muaj cov dej sib xws. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, tus naj npawb ntawm kev mus rau chav dej nce, qee zaum ncav cuag 30 zaug hauv ib hnub. Mucus, ntshav thiab txawm tias cov kua paug tuaj yeem pom hauv cov khib nyiab. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw ntawm cov ntshav hauv cov quav uas "hais tias" tias ib tus neeg muaj kab mob dysentery, thiab tsis yog lwm yam mob plab hnyuv.
  • Mob plab. Lawv muaj lub ntsej muag tuav. Maj mam txhim kho.
  • Tenemus. Cov. tus neeg mob yuav muaj qhov yuam kev kom tso quav. Kuj tseem muaj qhov mob hauv qhov quav tom qab mustso quav tso.
  • Tsawg, tab sis qee zaum xeev siab thiab ntuav.

Yog tias koj pib kho raws sijhawm, qhov teeb meem tuaj yeem daws tau hauv ib lub lis piam. Txwv tsis pub, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev tuag kuj ua tau.

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mob plab dysentery

Tus kab mob shigellosis tuaj yeem kuaj tau yog tias tus mob tau tshwm sim ntau dua peb lub hlis. Cov kab mob ntawm no tuaj yeem sib txawv kiag li.

Yog li, qhov teeb meem tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus, rov tshwm sim tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Hom kab mob no kuj tshwm sim los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm exacerbations. Cov tsos mob tau tshwm sim rau qhov tsawg dua li hauv daim ntawv mob. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no smoothed tawm, tsis yog li hais. Feem ntau, tsis muaj ntshav hauv cov quav, thiab lub cev kub tsis tshaj 37.5 ° C.

Ib ob peb lo lus hais txog me nyuam

Shigellosis hauv cov menyuam yaus feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov hnub nyoog preschool. Ib qho teeb meem loj yog qhov tseeb tias tus me nyuam feem ntau tso cov tes qias neeg thiab cov khoom ua si hauv nws lub qhov ncauj, thiab nws yog qhov ua rau nws kis tau. Cov kws kho mob cov txheeb cais hais tias kwv yees li 70% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg mob yog menyuam yaus.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias shigellosis hauv cov menyuam yaus pib sib txawv me ntsis ntawm cov neeg laus. Dab tsi yuav raug rau cov neeg mob tsawg tshaj plaws:

  • quav quav, fetid, ntsuab. Hauv nws, koj tuaj yeem pom cov hnoos qeev, nrog rau cov pob ntawm cov khoom noj uas tsis tau noj. Ntshav streak tsis tshua muaj.
  • Cov me nyuam lub plab tsis thim rov qab, tab sis o.
  • Primary toxicosismanifests nws tus kheej tsis muaj zog, tab sis theem nrab - muaj zog. Cov txheej txheem metabolic, dej- ntsev tshuav yog cuam tshuam.
  • Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau kev tsim cov kab mob otitis media lossis mob ntsws - kab mob kis kab mob thib ob.
  • Tus kab mob muaj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus muaj kev nyiam ua rau mob ntev.
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Diagnosis

Koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi ntxiv txog tus kab mob xws li shigellosis? Kev kuaj mob (thawj) tuaj yeem ua tau txawm tias nyob hauv tsev. Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, lub ntsiab lus qhia txog qhov muaj tus kab mob no yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntshav hauv cov quav. Yog tias cov tsos mob no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tus kws tshaj lij yuav ua li cas?

  1. Bacteriological method. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv sowing quav, uas yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov kab mob kab mob.
  2. Serological method. Hauv qhov no, lawv nrhiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau Shigella hauv cov ntshav. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txoj kev no yog xyaum tsis siv. Tom qab tag nrho, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem tau txais ua tsaug rau txoj kev yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha bacteriological.
  3. PCR. Txoj kev no kuj siv tsis tshua muaj, vim nws kim heev. Qhov tseem ceeb: kev txiav txim siab ntawm Shigella noob hauv cov quav.
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Kev kho mob

Peb xav ntxiv txog tus kab mob xws li shigellosis. Kev kho mob thiab txoj hauv kev kom tshem tau qhov teeb meem - qhov no kuj yuav tsum tau qhia. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj dab tsi?

  • Rehydron tshuaj. Nws pab tswj cov dej-ntsev sib npaug, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob raws plab.
  • Sorbents. Cov no yog cov tshuaj xws li"Smekta", "Enterosgel". Lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kom txo qis cov tshuaj lom hauv lub cev, nrog rau kev tawm tsam raws plab.
  • Tshuaj tua kab mob. Yog tias tus kab mob me me, lawv tsis tas yuav siv. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau, yog tias muaj cov ntshav sib xyaw hauv cov quav, cov kws kho mob feem ntau sau cov tshuaj xws li Ciprofloxacin. Koj tuaj yeem siv tau xws li "Tetracycline", "Ampicillin". Lub sijhawm teem sijhawm yuav txawv, tab sis qhov nruab nrab yog 5 hnub.

Nco ntsoov! Kev noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li Loperamide, Imodium yog txwv nruj heev. Lawv maj mam tso tawm cov kab mob los ntawm txoj hnyuv lumen. Thiab qhov no ua rau cov txheej txheem rov qab los thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob phem hauv lub cev.

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Los ntawm kab lus no nws pom tseeb tias shigellosis yog kab mob plab, i.e. teeb meem ntsig txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab zom mov. Tias yog vim li cas, nrog rau kev kho mob, tus neeg mob tau sau ib qho kev noj haus. Yog tias tus neeg mob mob raws plab, daim duab 4 qhia rau nws. Nws cov ntsiab lus: txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov rog thiab carbohydrates nrog ib txwm muaj protein ntau noj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no kom tsis suav cov khoom noj uas ua rau muaj roj ntau ntxiv thiab flatulence.

Khoom noj pom zoo:

  1. Nplej crackers.
  2. Zaub mov ntawm lub teeb kua zaub nrog ntxiv ntawm cereals.
  3. Ntsuab qaib thiab ntses boil.
  4. Fresh low-fat tsev cheese.
  5. porridges ntawm dej: oatmeal, mov, buckwheat.
  6. Qe: steamed los yog mos-boiled, tsis yogntau tshaj 2 pcs. ib hnub.
  7. zaub nyoos.

Taboo foods:

  1. Fatty broths thiab soups raws li lawv.
  2. nqaij nyuj, ntses.
  3. Mis thiab nws cov khoom.
  4. pasta.
  5. Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa phooj ywg sawv daws.
  6. taum.
  7. zaub tshiab thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
  8. Cocoa, kas fes, dej qab zib.

Yog cov quav rov zoo li qub, koj tuaj yeem hloov mus rau kev noj zaub mov 2. Nws yog softer dua li yav dhau los. Hauv qhov no, cov zaub mov hauv qab no tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv kev noj haus:

  • khob cij.
  • Nqaij thiab ntses.
  • Yuav khoom noj.
  • txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav thiab grated berries.
  • Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa phooj ywg sawv daws.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem xws li shigellosis, kev tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tom qab tag nrho, soj ntsuam qee yam kev ntsuas, nws yooj yim los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho tus kab mob no.

  1. Koj yuav tsum ntxuav tes kom ntau li ntau tau. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua qhov no tom qab mus rau chav dej.
  2. Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau qhia kev tu tus kheej txij thaum yau.
  3. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom khaws cia thiab npaj ntau yam khoom noj.
  4. Tom qab ntsib tus neeg mob, nco ntsoov ntxuav koj txhais tes. Tus neeg mob daim ntaub yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tua kab mob.
  5. Cov neeg mob yuav tsum tsis txhob mus ntsib cov neeg coob coob, pab pawg (mus ua haujlwm, tsev kawm ntawv, qib kindergarten). Tom qab tag nrho, lawv yog cov muaj tus kab mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau tsuas yog tom qab cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm bakposev.

SpecialTag nrho cov kev ceev faj saum toj no yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm pabcuam zaub mov.

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Kev nyuaj siab

Dab tsi yog shigellosis - xam nws tawm. Thaum kawg, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tus kab mob no, nrog kev kho tsis raug, tuaj yeem kis tau ntau yam teeb meem. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum ntshai dab tsi?

Prolapse ntawm qhov quav. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog tenesmus thiab nquag mus rau chav dej.

Dehydration. Nws tshwm sim nrog ntau cov quav dej. Nws yog fraught nrog qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txhua lub cev thiab lub cev ntawm lub cev.

Qee zaum kuj muaj cov hnyuv los ntshav. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob tam sim.

mob hnyav (hauv tshuaj, tus mob no hu ua toxic megacolon). Ntawm no yog ib tug stretching ntawm qis ib feem ntawm txoj hnyuv loj, nws cov phab ntsa thicken. Yog li ntawd, ntau cov co toxins yog absorbed rau hauv cov ntshav. Cov mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.

Lub raum ua haujlwm ib txwm raug cuam tshuam, muaj lub raum tsis ua haujlwm hnyav. Thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov teeb meem no yog oliguria, i.e. txo qis ntawm cov zis tso tawm los ntawm cov neeg mob.

Hemolysis ntawm erythrocytes. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntshav tsis txaus, cov ntshav platelets hauv cov ntshav tau txo qis.

Bacteremia. Hauv qhov no, cov kab mob nkag mus rau tus neeg mob cov ntshav. Qhov mob no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj zaub mov noj. Nws nyuaj heev thiab feem ntau xaus rau hauv kev tuag.

Tus kab mob thib ob. tshwm sim vim depletion ntawm lub cev. Hauv qhov no, kab mob xws li kab mob urinary los yog mob ntsws feem ntau tshwm sim.

Tom qab rov zoo lawm, quav quav yuav tshwm sim rau qee lub sijhawm. Tag nrho cov no yuav yog vim qhov tseeb tias thaum lub sij hawm shigellosis cov hnyuv mucosa raug cuam tshuam, uas ua rau mob loj.

Hauv cov menyuam yaus, tom qab muaj mob hnyav, rau ob peb lub hlis, lub cev tsis muaj zog, qaug zog, thiab qaug zog sai yuav nyob twj ywm. Tsis tas li ntawd feem ntau muaj teeb meem xws li dysbacteriosis.

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