Los ntawm koj lub tsev kawm ntawv biology chav kawm, tej zaum koj yuav nco ntsoov tias erythrocytes yog cov qe ntshav liab ua lub luag haujlwm thauj oxygen thiab carbon dioxide hauv peb lub cev. Cov me me no lub cev, raws li txoj cai, muaj ib puag ncig zoo, los yog kom meej meej, biconcave. Txawm li cas los xij, kev soj ntsuam ua tiav hauv chav kuaj tuaj yeem pom cov qe ntshav liab hloov pauv (oval, sickle-shaped, lossis pear-shaped) hauv tib neeg cov ntshav. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qe ntshav kom raug hu ua "poikilocytosis". Nws yog dab tsi? Peb yuav qhia rau koj tam sim no.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Poikilocytosis yog cov kab mob ntshav uas cov qe ntshav liab ntawm daim ntawv hloov pauv tsis nqa oxygen zoo rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm txhua yam ntawm anemia.
"Poikilocytosis - yog dab tsi?" - Cov lus nug no yog qhov txaus siab rau txhua tus neeg uas ntsib tus kab mob no. Nws yuav tsum to taub tias ib feem ntawm cov erythrocytes tsis zoo tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau qhov tseeb. Cov no yog echinocytes thiab stomatocytes. Tus so ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pathological (acanthocytes, drepanocytes, codocytes, dacryocytes, thiab lwm yam) yog irreversible.
Poikilocytosis hauv kev kuaj ntshav dav dav. Ntau yam thiab daim ntawv
Yog li, kab mob ntshav txuam nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm erythrocytes tau hu ua "poikilocytosis". Tam sim no qhov tseeb yog dab tsi. Tab sis muaj ntau hom pathological ntawm erythrocytes. Cia peb saib cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.
- Echinocytes yog cov hlwb kheej kheej nrog ntau qhov kev loj hlob. Feem ntau lawv tshwm sim hauv kev sim cov neeg mob uremia.
- Stomatocytes yog cov qe ntshav liab, convex ntawm ib sab thiab concave rau lwm qhov. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov hlwb no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm stomatocytosis. Lwm lub npe rau stomatocytes yog hydrocytes.
- Acanthocytes yog cov spur-zoo li cov hlwb nrog cov txheej txheem zoo li cov txheej txheem protruding ntawm qhov chaw. Poikilocytosis ntawm erythrocytes nyob rau hauv daim ntawv acanthocyte yog pom nyob rau hauv neuroacanthocytosis thiab abetalipoproteinemia.
- Drepanocytes yog cov kab mob mob uas muaj hemoglobin S, uas tuaj yeem ua polymerize thiab deform lub membrane thaum tsis muaj oxygen hauv cov ntshav.
- Codocytes yog lub hom phiaj cov hlwb nrog thaj tsam nce ntxiv vim muaj cov roj cholesterol ntau hauv lawv. Poikilocytosis hauv kev kuaj ntshav dav dav hauv daim ntawv no tshwm sim nrog hemoglobinopathies C thiab S, ntev jaundice thiab lead intoxication.
- Dacryocytes yog cov kua muag zoo li lub hlwb zoo li cov tee hauv cov duab. Feem ntau, cov qe ntshav liab hloov pauv no tau kuaj pom hauv cov neeg uas muaj kab mob siab mob siab, muaj hlau tsis txaus, myelofibrosis.
- Microspherocytes yog cov hlwb tshwj xeeb,lub ntsiab txhais uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Lawv muaj ib tug spherical zoo ntawm thickness, tab sis me me txoj kab uas hla. Hom qe ntshav liab no muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj hemolytic anemia.
- Elliptocytes yog cov qe ntshav liab uas muaj nyob hauv cov neeg noj qab haus huv. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlwb hauv tib neeg cov ntshav yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 8-10%. Yog tias qhov ntsuas tau dhau lawm, ib tus yuav tsum tham txog ntau hom kab mob ntshav qab zib lossis kab mob elliptocytosis.
RBC xim hloov hauv poikilocytosis
Hom kev hloov pauv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm erythrocytes yog hypochromia, uas muaj qhov dav, tsis muaj qhov chaw ntawm lub cell. Qhov no tshwm sim vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov qe ntshav liab nrog Hb.
Qhov ntxeev yog hyperchromia. Qhov tshwm sim no cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm erythrocyte nrog Hb. Cov kab mob no tshwm sim tsawg dua thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev tsis muaj vitamin B12 thiab folic acid hauv lub cev.
Polychromatophilia yog qhov kuaj pom ntawm cov qe ntshav liab liab hauv cov ntshav. Feem ntau, cov qe ntshav no tau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob hemolytic anemia.
Inclusions hauv erythrocytes
Poikilocytosis hauv cov ntshav tau tshwm sim tsis yog nyob rau hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov duab ntawm erythrocytes thiab lawv cov ntxoov ntxoo, tab sis kuj tseem nyob rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntsiab lus ntawm pathological pob txha pob txha rov tsim dua tshiab hauv cov hlwb.
- Jolly lub cev yog ib tug me me (feem ntau 1-3) ntawm me me ntshav-liab inclusions. Lawv lub xub ntiag yog cov qauv hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov menyuam yug tshiab. Hauv ib tus neeg noj qab haus huv, yuav tsum tsis txhob kuaj pom cov tshuaj no.
- RingsKebota yog cov seem ntawm lub plhaub ntawm lub nucleus ntawm megaloblast, staining liab.
- Basophilic granularity yog cov tshuaj xiav granular cuam tshuam nrog kev lom tshuaj txhuas, megaloblastic anemia thiab thalassemia.
- Heinz-Ehrlich lub cev yog suav nrog uas tsim los ntawm denatured Hb. Kev kuaj pom ntawm cov kab mob pathological no yog ib qho cim ntawm qhov ua tau hemolysis.
Degree ntawm manifestation
Qhov qib ntawm kev kuaj pom poikilocytosis hauv tus neeg mob yog pom hauv cov lej lossis pluses. Wb mus saib ze dua:
- 1 lossis (+) - qib qis ntawm tus kabmob. 25% ntawm cov qe ntshav liab txawv qhov loj ntawm cov hlwb noj qab haus huv.
- 2 lossis (++) - nruab nrab poikilocytosis. 50% ntawm cov qe ntshav tsis zoo li qub. Kev kho mob yuav tsum pib tam sim ntawd.
- 3 lossis (+++) - hais tias poikilocytosis, uas txog li 75% ntawm cov qe ntshav liab puas lawm.
- 4 lossis (++++) yog hom mob hnyav. Tag nrho cov qe ntshav liab tsis zoo.
Peb cia siab tias hauv kab lus no koj tau pom cov lus teb rau lo lus nug: "Poikilocytosis - nws yog dab tsi?" - thiab kawm txog cov laj thawj ntawm qhov tshwm sim.
