Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob: lub davhlau ntawm "cov mos txwv khawv koob"

Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob: lub davhlau ntawm "cov mos txwv khawv koob"
Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob: lub davhlau ntawm "cov mos txwv khawv koob"

Video: Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob: lub davhlau ntawm "cov mos txwv khawv koob"

Video: Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob: lub davhlau ntawm
Video: Keebkwm ntawm kev sau thiab sua Vajtswv Txojlus cogtseg qub thiab tshiab cojlos ua 1phau uake EP.2 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsim los ntawm cov kab lis kev cai ntawm cov genus Penicillium. Niaj hnub no lawv yog ib txoj kev zoo ntawm chemotherapy thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Ib yam li cephalosporins, cov tshuaj tua kab mob penicillin muaj nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm cov tshuaj beta-lactam. Nrog rau cov kab mob bactericidal muaj zog thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm siab tiv thaiv kab mob gram-zoo, lawv muaj cov nyhuv nrawm thiab muaj zog heev, cuam tshuam cov kab mob pathogenic feem ntau nyob rau theem kev loj hlob.

Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob
Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob

Ib yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj no yog lawv lub peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb nyob thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob uas tau nyob hauv lawv. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob cephalosporin cuam tshuam nrog penicillins, piv nrog rau qhov lawv muaj kev tiv thaiv me ntsis rau beta-lactamases, tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv enzymes tsim los ntawm cov kab mob.

Kev tshawb pom ntawm penicillin los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm Askiv microbiologist Alexander Fleming hauv1929 tau tsim ib qho kev hloov pauv loj tshaj plaws hauv tshuaj. Nws tau los ua tau zoo kho ntau yam kab mob uas tau suav hais tias tuag taus rau ntau pua xyoo - piv txwv li, mob ntsws. Thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm penicillin hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob feem ntau yog qhov loj thiab tsim nyog ntawm kev tshawb fawb cais.

Cephalosporin tshuaj tua kab mob
Cephalosporin tshuaj tua kab mob

Thawj zaug, cov tswv yim ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav cov tshuaj uas muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob, tab sis muaj kev nyab xeeb tag nrho rau tib neeg, tau tsim thiab siv thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 19th-20th los ntawm tus tsim tshuaj kho., Paul Ehrlich. Cov khoom zoo li no, raws li nws cov lus pom zoo, zoo li "cov mos txwv khawv koob." Cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo li no tau pom sai sai ntawm cov derivatives ntawm qee cov hluavtaws dyes. Tau txais lub npe "chemotherapeutic agents", lawv pib siv dav hauv kev kho mob syphilis. Thiab txawm hais tias lawv nyob deb heev ntawm cov tshuaj penicillins niaj hnub no hais txog kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb, lawv yog thawj cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv kev saib niaj hnub no.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm pawg penicillin
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm pawg penicillin

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob penicillin tam sim no qhia tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv kab mob anaerobic. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov npe hu ua superpenicillins (azlocillin, piperacillin, mezlocillin thiab lwm yam), nrog rau cov neeg thib peb tiam cephalosporins, uas feem ntau siv los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem tom qab phais. Niaj hnub no, cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog ntawm pab pawg penicillin tau siv los kho cov menyuam yaus, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov neeg laus, cov neeg mob raum tsis ua haujlwm thiabMuaj ntau hom mob uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb epididymitis.

Txawm hais tias txhua qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub no thiab cov txheeb ze ntawm cov tshuaj penicillin zoo tag nrho, Paul Ehrlich txoj kev npau suav ntawm "cov mos txwv zoo tshaj plaws" tsis zoo li yuav tsum tau ua tiav, txij li txawm tias cov ntsev ntsev ntau dhau los ua teeb meem. Peb tuaj yeem hais li cas txog cov tshuaj muaj zog thiab txaus ntshai xws li tshuaj tua kab mob penicillin! Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob no yuav tsum suav nrog kev tsim muaj ntau yam kev ua xua, tshuaj lom thiab cuam tshuam ntawm lub plab zom mov.

Pom zoo: