Lub koob txhaj tshuaj (nws lub npe los ntawm German spritzen - rau txaws) yog lub npe ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hauv engineering, ua noj thiab tshuaj rau kev taw qhia thiab tshem tawm ntau yam kua lossis roj siv piston siab.
Cov koob tshuaj kho mob yog cov cuab yeej siv rau kev txhaj tshuaj, kuaj mob punctures lossis nqus cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab noj hniav ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm nws txoj haujlwm yog tias thaum lub piston nce thiab cov koob tau muab tso rau hauv txhua lub nkoj nrog cov kua, lub tshuab nqus tsev yog tsim los ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov cuab yeej. Txij li cov kua hauv lub nkoj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm atmospheric siab, nws nce mus rau hauv nws cov kab noj hniav.
Yeej, lub koob txhaj tshuaj tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob. Cov koob txhaj tshuaj niaj hnub no yuav luag tag nrho ua los ntawm cov yas, thaum qee cov koob txhaj tshuaj rov siv tau yog ua los ntawm hlau.
Hom koob txhaj tshuaj thiab koob muaj qhov txawv nyob ntawm lawv qhov loj, lub hom phiaj, tsim thiab siv tau.
Pib nrog kev faib tawmcov cuab yeej los ntawm lawv tus qauv tsim.
Txhim kho ob lub ntsiab lus thiab peb lub koob txhaj tshuaj. Lawv txawv li cas? Peb twb tau piav qhia txog kev tsim ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus saum toj no - lawv tsuas yog muaj lub tog raj kheej thiab lub piston xwb. Hauv peb lub ntsiab lus, rau ob ntu no, ib feem peb ntxiv - lub plunger.
Cia peb piav seb nws yog dab tsi thiab nws yog rau dab tsi. Ob peb xyoos dhau los, cov kws kho mob pom tias qhov mob ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov tob npaum li cas ntawm rab koob nyob rau hauv lub koob txhaj tshuaj, tab sis kuj nyob rau ntawm lub zog ntawm lub piston hauv nws. Qhov tseeb yog tias tus kws saib xyuas neeg mob, thaum txhaj tshuaj, ua kom pom tseeb rau "thawb" lub piston hauv lub tog raj kheej. Vim li no, tag nrho cov syringe txav, thiab cov koob, uas yog nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg, ib yam nkaus thiab. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog qhov ua rau mob.
Tam sim no cia mus ncaj qha rau lub plunger. Qhov no yog cov roj hmab tsis tu ncua uas txuas nrog lub piston kom nws txav tau yooj yim dua raws li lub syringe chim. Yog li, tus neeg txhaj tshuaj nrog tsawg zog nias ntawm lub syringe thiab qhov mob yuav luag ploj mus.
Tam sim no, ob hom yog siv tshuaj.
Cia peb kuj xav txog kev faib cov koob txhaj tshuaj los ntawm tus lej siv. Raws li koj paub, raws li qhov no lawv tau muab faib ua pov tseg thiab rov siv dua.
Cov koob txhaj tshuaj pov tseg (KOJ - ib leeg siv koob txhaj)
Tau dav dav thaum ntxov 80s. Lawv yuav luag tag nrho ua los ntawm cov yas, tshwj tsis yog cov koob, uas yog ua los ntawm stainless hlau. Rau kev txhaj tshuaj ib zaug, ib lub raj syringe (lossis siretta) qee zaum kuj siv.
Ntau zausKev kho mob pov tseg syringes yog hom tshuaj txhaj tshuaj. Cia wb mus saib lawv.
Kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tu ncua
Cov koob txhaj tshuaj tsis tu ncua (hom uas peb yuav saib qhov ntau thiab tsawg tom qab) feem ntau yog siv rau ntau yam kev txhaj tshuaj. Nws txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab cov qauv tau piav qhia saum toj no.
Muaj cov tshuaj siv pov tseg uas muaj cov ntim hauv qab no: 2 ml, 3 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml thiab 50 ml. Kuj tseem muaj qee yam uas tsis yog tus qauv, piv txwv li, lub koob txhaj tshuaj me me lossis Janet koob txhaj tshuaj nrog ntim ntawm 150 ml.
Insulin syringes
Cov no yog cov koob txhaj tshuaj siv los txhaj tshuaj insulin rau hauv tus neeg mob lub cev. Lub ntim ntawm xws li ib tug syringe yog 1 ml. Nws muaj ib rab koob nyias thiab luv luv, uas ua rau kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj tsis mob. Vim hais tias cov tshuaj no yuav luag ib txwm tswj tus kheej los ntawm cov neeg mob, qhov tseeb no tseem ceeb heev.
Txhua hom koob txhaj tshuaj insulin tau sau npe tsis yog hauv milliliters xwb, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv units (units siv los txhaj tshuaj insulin). Hauv txhua qhov kev npaj uas muaj nyob niaj hnub no, 1 ml muaj 100 IU - tsis muaj ntxiv, tsis tsawg.
Cov koob txhaj no kuj muaj qhov tshwj xeeb plunger zoo uas muab qhov siab tshaj plaws thaum txhaj tshuaj. Tus txheej txheem insulin koob txhaj yog cim nyob rau hauv nce ntawm 1 unit, ib tug me nyuam lub koob txhaj yog 0.5 los yog 0.25 units.
Yav dhau los, 40-unit syringes kuj tau siv, tab sis tam sim no lawv yuav luag siv.
Txhawm rau muab cov tshuaj insulin, tus cwj mem syringe kuj tau siv ntau zaus, vim nws yooj yim dua los ua qhov no nrog nws cov kev pab. Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov hom nokoob txhaj yuav tau tham tom qab.
Txawm hais tias cov koob txhaj tshuaj insulin suav tias yog siv pov tseg, nws tuaj yeem siv tau ob peb zaug kom txog thaum rab koob hnav.
Syringe Janet
Ntawm txhua hom tshuaj kho mob, qhov no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws. Nws muaj peev xwm yog 150 ml. Janet syringe feem ntau yog siv los ntxuav cov kab noj hniav ntawm tib neeg lub cev lossis cov dej nqus dej, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem siv rau lwm lub hom phiaj. Piv txwv li, qee zaum nws yog siv thaum teeb tsa enemas. Yuav siv tau rau hauv lub plab mog, tso zis los yog intracheal infusions, uas ib tug pa syringe yuav tsawg dhau.
Yog tias koj tau saib "Tus Neeg Cuam Tshuam ntawm Caucasus", koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov qhov xwm txheej uas Kev Tshaj Tawm tau muab kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular nrog cov tshuaj tsaug zog uas siv tib lub koob txhaj tshuaj rau Janet. Nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias qhov no tsuas yog ua yeeb yaj kiab xwb, thiab hauv lub neej tiag tiag, Janet lub koob txhaj tshuaj tsis siv rau lub hom phiaj no.
koob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kheej
Hom koob txhaj tshuaj uas siv tau uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob loj ntawm cov pej xeem lossis rau lwm yam kev txhaj tshuaj hauv ntim loj.
Lawv qhov tshwj xeeb yog qhov rov siv cov koob txhaj tshuaj no tsis tuaj yeem thiab tsis suav nrog kev siv tshuab. Lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas tom qab thawj zaug siv, lub piston yog thaiv, thiab cov syringe tsuas yog muab pov tseg. Qhov no yog lawv lub ntsiab kom zoo dua tag nrho lwm hom pov tseg, uas tuaj yeem siv tau ntau dua ib zaug.
koob txhaj tshuaj
Tshuaj txhaj tshuaj,npaj rau kev tswj hwm ib leeg ntawm ib qho tshuaj. Cov ntau yam zoo sib xws feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom pab thawj zaug ntawm txhua tus kws kho mob. Lawv tau ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab twb muaj cov tshuaj uas raug rau hauv lub thawv kaw.
Cov koob txhaj tshuaj, cov duab uas koj yuav pom hauv qab cov lus piav qhia, tsis txhob xaus nrog cov koob txhaj tshuaj pov tseg.
Tam sim no xav txog cov qauv rov siv tau thiab lawv cov kev hloov pauv.
Reusable syringes
Nws zoo nkaus li tias nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no tsis muaj ib qho chaw rau tej yam tsis muaj kev ntseeg zoo li cov koob txhaj tshuaj uas siv tau. Tab sis tsis yog, qee qhov feem ntau siv thiab nyab xeeb tag nrho.
Reusable syringes
Thawj cov koob txhaj tshuaj uas siv tau rov qab tau rov qab los hauv xyoo 1857 thiab lawv zoo li yuav luag zoo ib yam li niaj hnub. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim lub iav koob txhaj tshuaj belongs rau lub iav blower Fournier. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, ib lub tuam txhab Fab Kis tau tawm tsam nws lub tswv yim thiab tam sim ntawd muab cov koob txhaj tshuaj rau hauv kev xyaum. Nws yog los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd cov koob txhaj tshuaj uas siv tau rov qab los ua cov cuab yeej ntawm noob neej. Txawm tias tom qab ntawd lawv tau ua ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, los ntawm 2 mus rau 100 ml. Lub syringe ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd muaj ib tug kawm tiav iav cylinder xaus rau hauv lub khob hliav qab. Hauv lub tog raj kheej yog lub piston. Qhov no tsim tau sterilized los ntawm boiling. Cov iav yog thermally resistant thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus kub txog 200 degrees.
Nyob rau xyoo 1906, tus qauv no tau hloov los ntawm cov koob txhaj tshuaj ntawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv Cov Ntaub Ntawv, uas muaj rab koob hlau, lub iav lub tog raj kheej kos rau ntawm ob sab hauv cov nplhaib hlau, thiab lub piston hlau nrog lub nplhaib roj hmab rau.foob.
Sterilized syringes feem ntau muab khaws cia rau hauv daim ntawv xim av tuab. Nws hu ua "kraftpack". Reusable koob tau suav nrog lub koob txhaj tshuaj. Thaum lub sijhawm siv cov twj paj nruag no, cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj yog qhov mob heev, vim tias cov koob siv tau rov siv tau ua blunt sai heev vim rov ua dua. Ua ntej tus txheej txheem nws tus kheej, cov koob txhaj tshuaj tau ntxuav nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb hlau - ib tug mandrin. Cov tsev muag tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm ntawd muag cov thawv tshwj xeeb tsim los khaws cov cuab yeej.
Tej zaum, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob tham txog qhov muaj peev xwm kis tau ntau yam kab mob nrog kev pab ntawm cov koob txhaj tshuaj.
Zoo zoo, niaj hnub no cov kev tsim kho no tsis siv lawm. Peb cov koob txhaj tshuaj rov siv tau muaj xws li:
Syringe cwj mem
hom koob txhaj no twb tau hais nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm. Nws yog siv los ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib kom txhaj tshuaj insulin rau hauv lub cev.
Lub koob txhaj no tau txais nws lub npe vim nws pom meej zoo ib yam li tus cwj mem. Nws muaj ob peb qhov chaw: lub cev nws tus kheej, ib daim cartridge (los yog lub tes tsho, cartridge) nrog ib koob tshuaj insulin, ib rab koob tshem tau uas muab tso rau ntawm lub taub hau ntawm daim cartridge, lub piston actuation mechanism, rooj plaub thiab lub hau.
Ib yam li cov koob txhaj tshuaj insulin, tus cwj mem muaj ib rab koob nyias nyias rau txoj kev mob tsawg. Nrog rau cov cuab yeej no, cov txheej txheem yuav luag tsis pom, uas txhais tau tias ntau rau cov neeg uas txhaj tshuaj ntau zaus hauv ib hnub.
Qhov txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej no thiab cov koob txhaj tshuaj insulin yog qhov txo qiskev ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab yooj yim dua.
Kev siv tshuaj ntawm tus cwj mem txhaj tshuaj kom raug tso cai rau koj nkag mus rau qhov xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj. Nws raug nquahu kom rov them cov cartridge txhua ob peb hnub. Nws tsuas siv ob peb feeb los hloov koj lub tes tsho insulin.
Qee cov qauv ntawm tus cwj mem syringe muaj ib rab koob tshem tau, qhov twg nws yuav tsum tau hloov tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv ib lub lis piam. Hauv cov qauv uas tsis tuaj yeem hloov lub koob, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis muaj menyuam.
Tus cwj mem yog siv thoob plaws ntiaj teb.
Nkauj koob txhaj tshuaj
Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj niaj hnub no tau nce siv cov koob txhaj tshuaj pov tseg, peb tseem tau faib lawv ua "rov siv tau".
Carpool syringe yog hais txog kev txhaj tshuaj thiab feem ntau yog siv hauv kev kho hniav. Yog, yog, nws yog nrog kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej hlau no nrog lub ampoule thiab ib rab koob nyias uas peb tau muab tshuaj loog thaum kho hniav.
Qee zaum kuj yog siv los tswj lwm yam tshuaj.
Hauv xyoo 2010, AERS-MED patented thawj cov koob txhaj tshuaj pov tseg. Txhua txhua xyoo lawv tsuas muaj koob meej, maj mam nthuav tawm lawv cov thawj coj.
koob txhaj tshuaj
Ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb rau cov neeg uas ntshai txhaj tshuaj zoo li hluav taws. Nws kuj tseem hu ua Kalashnikov koob txhaj tshuaj, tab sis tsis yog vim qhov zoo sib xws nrog tib rab phom tshuab, tab sis vim yog lub npe ntawm tus neeg uas tsim nws. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem yog tsim los rau kev tswj xyuas cov tshuaj sai thiab tsis mob thiab yog tsimrau kev siv ywj pheej. Txhua yam yog yooj yim heev: nruab ib lub 5 ml syringe (pre-filled nrog tshuaj) rau hauv tus tsim, coj nws mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab rub lub trigger.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas lub ntim ntawm cov koob txhaj tshuaj yog raws nraim 5 ml, ces nws yuav tuav kom nruj thiab yuav tsis poob thaum lub sij hawm txheej txheem.
Tus neeg tsim khoom qhia tias nws lub tswv yim ua rau tus txheej txheem tsis mob thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag li, uas yog, rab koob yuav ntaus lub hom phiaj raws nraim thiab yuav tsis mob dab tsi.
Dart syringe
Hom koob txhaj tshuaj feem ntau siv hauv cov tshuaj kho tsiaj. Nrog lawv pab, tshuaj loog lossis tshuaj txhaj tshuaj rau cov tsiaj muaj mob.
Kuj, hom koob txhaj no siv thaum tua tsiaj qus, lossis thaum tsiaj loj yuav tsum tau euthanized ib pliag.
Muaj rab phom tshwj xeeb, tsis yog cov cartridges lawv tua cov darts nrog tshuaj tsaug zog.
Syringes: hom, ntev ntawm koob rau koob txhaj tshuaj
Raws li koj twb tau nkag siab lawm, kab lus no tsis yog hais txog cov koob txhaj tshuaj xwb. Hom koob txhaj tshuaj thiab koob rau lawv muaj kev sib raug zoo. Muaj ob hom kev kho mob koob - txhaj tshuaj thiab phais. Peb tsuas yog xav txog thawj zaug, npaj rau kev qhia lossis tshem tawm cov kua dej hauv / tawm ntawm lub cev (a). Lawv yog cov hollow sab hauv, thiab lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev tsis muaj menyuam.
Hollow koob yog cais raws li hom taw tes thiab caliber. Muaj 5 hom ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: AS, 2, 3, 4, 5. Peb yuav tsis txiav txim siab txhua qhov sib cais, peb tsuas yog qhia meej tias hom 4 koob feem ntau siv rau hauv cov tshuaj, nrog raubeveled ntawm 10-12 degrees nrog lub ntsis. Raws li caliber, 23 hom koob yog qhov txawv, los ntawm 33rd caliber mus rau 10th. Hauv tshuaj, leej twg siv tau.
Hauv qab no yog lub rooj sib tham me me. Cov koob txhaj tshuaj (hom los ntawm ntim) tau teev nyob rau hauv kab laug sab thiab lawv cov koob muaj npe nyob rau sab xis.
| ntim koob tshuaj siv | Ib rab koob |
| YInsulin, 1 ml | 10 x 0.45 lossis 0.40mm |
| 2ml | 30 x 0.6mm |
| 3ml | 30 x 06mm |
| 5ml | 40 x 0.7mm |
| 10ml | 40 x 0.8mm |
| 20ml | 40 x 0.8mm |
| 50ml | 40 x 1.2mm |
| YJanet syringe, 150 ml | 400 x 1.2mm |
Peb tau tshuaj xyuas cov koob txhaj tshuaj thiab koob tshuaj uas siv nrog lawv. Yog tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg, lwm yam cuab yeej kuj tuaj yeem muab tag nrho ib tsab xov xwm, tab sis peb yuav tsis tsom rau lawv hauv qhov no.
