Ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis qis yog ib txoj hauv kev niaj hnub qhia txog kev kawm cov ntshav, uas tso cai rau koj taug qab qhov me me sib txawv ntawm cov qauv hauv lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha peripheral, thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv. ob txhais ceg. Kev kuaj mob yog nqa tawm hauv tsev kho mob, chaw kuaj mob lossis hauv tsev kho mob. Cov cuab yeej muaj nyob hauv yuav luag txhua lub tsev kho mob uas tau kuaj xyuas ultrasound. Doppler angiography thiab duplex scanning kho qhov kev kuaj mob thiab tso cai rau tus kws kho mob pom tag nrho cov duab kho mob ntawm pathology.
Type of study
Ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis qhia cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha txog lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha - lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thinning lossis tsis muaj zog ntawm cov phab ntsa venous, varicose leeg, tso cai rau koj los ntsuas cov ntshav ntws. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, raws li kev tshawb fawb, ntsuas qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha, theem ntawm tus kab mob, qhov chaw ntawm nws qhov chaw. Kuj, cojQhov kev txiav txim tau txais, tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov hlab plawv.
Txhawm rau sau cov ntaub ntawv tiav, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb niaj hnub siv ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas:
- Angiography yog ib hom ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis qis, tsim los xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm txoj kev loj (valve functionality, phab ntsa tsis xws luag thiab qhov txhab, muaj ntshav txhaws thiab atherosclerotic plaques, phab ntsa thickness, lub physiological qhov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab lwm yam).
- Doppler daim ntawv qhia - tso cai rau koj taug qab cov ntshav khiav ceev, patency ntawm cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha, ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm li qub thiab lub suab ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Qhia pom muaj cov ntshav txhaws, aneurysms, varicose leeg, cuam tshuam hauv kev txav ntawm cov ntshav.
- Txoj Kev Ultrasound - duplex scanning ntawm cov leeg ntawm sab qis. Niaj hnub no nws suav hais tias yog txoj kev tshawb fawb zoo tshaj plaws uas muab cov duab tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Tso cai rau koj los soj ntsuam cov ntshav txaus, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov phab ntsa, txhua hom kev thaiv, kuaj pom kev ua haujlwm thiab cov organic pathologies ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg.
- Triplex scanning yog ib hom kev tshuaj xyuas duplex uas tso cai rau koj los tshuaj xyuas cov leeg, cov hlab ntsha thiab lawv qhov chaw nyob hauv daim duab peb sab. Cov txheej txheem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau hauv kev npaj rau kev phais, kom tus kws phais tuaj yeem taug kev hauv thaj chaw ua haujlwm.
Qee zaum, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau ntau yam kev kuaj mob ultrasound txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov mob ntawm cov leeg sab nraud thiab tob, cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha. Qhov kev siv zog no feem ntau yog siv rau cov neeg mobthawj zaug mus ntsib kws kho mob txog qhov mob ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab kuaj pom muaj kab mob ntev.
Indications rau kev tshawb fawb
Lub sijhawm teem rau kev kawm yog muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob phlebologist. Ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov leeg qis yuav tsum tau ua nrog cov lus tsis txaus siab thiab cov cim hauv qab no:
- Txhob xav tias nkees ntawm ob txhais ceg, uas tsis ploj mus tom qab ib hmo pw tsaug zog thiab tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev tawm dag zog ntxiv.
- mob thiab hnyav ntawm ob txhais ceg hnyav dua yav tav su.
- Edema, discoloration ntawm libs (ntev los yog tsis sib xws).
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis txaus rau qhov txias (khaus khaus, liab, "blueness").
- Vajtswv lub hnub qub.
- Kev tsis txaus pigmentation hauv crimson, nquab ntxoov ntxoo.
- Nqaij qaib thiab nres cramps.
- Txo qhov kub ntawm ko taw txhua lub sijhawm xyoo.
Thaum tsawg kawg yog ib qho ntawm cov cim tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab tsim kom muaj qhov ua rau muaj mob, qib kev hem thawj. Nrog rau lub sijhawm nkag mus rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob thaum ntxov lossis txhim kho tus mob nrog kev saib xyuas kev kho mob.
Kev soj ntsuam kab mob ntev
Ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis yuav tsum tau ua tsis tu ncua rau cov neeg mob uas muaj cov kab mob venous thiab arterial pathologies ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv ob txhais ceg.
Kev soj ntsuam yuav tsum muaj cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- thrombophlitis, atherosclerosis.
- Varicosis, qab zibntshav qab zib, lymphedema.
- YEnarteritis, venous insufficiency.
- Post thrombotic syndrome.
- Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tom qab, thiab lwm yam.
Kev nkag mus tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim ua rau nws ua tau ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis hauv cov chaw kho mob, tsev kho mob, chaw kuaj mob. Kev tshuaj xyuas niaj hnub, ua ib feem ntawm kev saib xyuas cov kab mob ntev, pab tus neeg mob thiab tus kws kho mob nkag siab tias kev kho mob zoo li cas, kev ntsuas dab tsi ntxiv tuaj yeem ua tau, thiab muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab txog qhov xav tau kev phais.
Vim li cas kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb
Lub cev ib leeg ntawm ob txhais ceg muaj peb qhov venous, qee cov kab tsis tuaj yeem pom lossis hnov. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau ua ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus ntawm cov leeg qis, sab nrauv thiab sab hauv nruab nrog cev. Cov txheej txheem niaj hnub ntawm kev kuaj mob ultrasound tso cai rau koj los tshuaj xyuas kom meej tag nrho peb cov ntshav, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, ua qhov no hauv ntau qhov kev kwv yees.
Cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus yog qhov muaj kev phom sij tshaj plaws, lawv tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab, lawv tsis muaj cov leeg nqaij, tab sis lawv ntsib lub nra hnyav - yuav luag 90% ntawm cov ntshav khiav raws txoj kev loj no. Ultrasound scanning thiab Doppler diagnostics tso cai rau tus kws kho mob los soj ntsuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas tsis pom ntawm lub qhov muag, thiab kom nkag siab tias qhov teeb meem yog dab tsi, yog tias muaj.
Tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas cov nkoj hauv qab no:
- Saphenous veins (me, loj).
- Zoo vena cava.
- Popliteal, iliac leeg.
- Femoral thiab tob leeg ntawm ceg.
Rau txhua pab pawgCov hlab ntsha muaj lawv tus kheej qhov tseem ceeb, txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov uas yog daim ntawv thov rau tus kab mob, txawm tias tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, tsis xis nyob lossis kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm qhov txhab. Kev kuaj mob ntxov pab kom tsis txhob muaj tus kab mob loj hlob thiab ua cov kev ntsuas tsim nyog los tiv thaiv cov kab mob tshwm sim.
Yuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm
Nws tsis zoo li yuav muaj ib tus neeg uas tsis paub tias qhov kev kuaj ultrasound yog dab tsi thiab tsis tau ua qhov txheej txheem no tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv nws lub neej. Kwv yees li txhua tus neeg mob nkag siab yuav ua li cas ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis ua tiav. Tag nrho qhov kev sib tham yuav siv sijhawm tsis tshaj 60 feeb.
Txhawm rau nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha uas kuaj tau, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem cov khaub ncaws uas npog ob txhais ceg, tsis tas yuav tshem cov ris tsho hauv qab. Cov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog kho nrog ib tug gel. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev tshawb no, tus neeg mob yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev, uas yog tsim nyog rau ib tug meej kev kuaj mob. Feem ntau, yuav tsum tau hloov peb txoj haujlwm - pw ntawm koj sab nraub qaum, pw ntawm koj lub plab thiab sawv ntsug kom pom cov kab mob vascular thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
Lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas, tus kws kho mob txav lub sensor raws thaj tsam ntawm daim tawv nqaij, lub sijhawm no ntawm lub monitor, nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm tam sim no, cov duab ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshwm, kuaj pom kev hloov pauv, ntsuas ntshav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau yam khoom siv ua rau nws tuaj yeem hnov cov suab nrov uas cov ntshav ntws hauv cov hlab ntsha tawm. Kev ntsuam xyuas yog ua los ntawm phlebologist lossis tus kws tshaj lij ultrasound tau lees paub.
Lub hom phiaj tshawb fawb:
- Ua kom saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov hlab ntsha.
- ntsuas kev ua haujlwmvenous system, li qub, txhua feem ntawm nws cais.
- Qhia lossis tsis lees paub kev txhim kho ntawm thrombophlebitis, hloov pauv hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm phab ntsa.
- Tau qhov anatomical nta ntawm cov hlab ntsha, leeg, hlab ntsha, capillary system.
Tus neeg teb xov tooj uas ua qhov kev kuaj mob tuaj yeem muab qee cov lus hais txog cov txiaj ntsig, tab sis tus kws kho mob muab daim ntawv teev tag nrho. Ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov leeg sab qis yog ib qho uas tsis yog-invasive, nyab xeeb thiab raug txoj kev kuaj.
Ntxiv nta
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tus neeg mob yuav raug hais kom ua cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb, uas yuav tsum tau qhia meej txog qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj qee yam kab mob vascular. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntau tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv yog kuaj hnoos thiab kuaj Valsalva. Cov txheej txheem no pab tus kws tshaj lij txiav txim siab lossis paub meej tias muaj cov ntshav txhaws.
Tus neeg mob tuav nws ua pa, hnoos, tens plab plab. Nrog rau cov kev ua no, nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo, lub venous ntws tsis muaj zog thaum lub sij hawm inhalation, thiab stabilizes thaum exhalation. Yog tias venous li qub tau tawg (fibrosis), ces muaj cov ntshav rov qab los.
Staining, microbubble gas yog qee zaum siv kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv, nws raug txhaj rau hauv tus neeg mob intravenously. Cov tshuaj tsis ua mob rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab tawm hauv lub cev thaum ua pa tsis muaj kab. Kev npaj rau ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis extremities tsis tas yuav tsum tau, kev kuaj mob yog nqa tawm txhua lub sijhawm.
YContraindications
Ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis yog kiag linyab xeeb thiab siv tau txawm tias cov me nyuam mos thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, tab sis muaj ntau qhov kev txwv cuam tshuam nrog txoj kev soj ntsuam.
Cov kab mob thiab cov mob no tsis kuaj pom:
- Qhib qhov txhab ntawm ob txhais ceg, raug mob lossis kub hnyiab.
- kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau theem mob.
- mob plawv mob plawv.
- Heart failure, mob cerebrovascular raug mob.
- mob hawb pob, mob plawv arrhythmias.
Kev txwv tsis pub muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob. Ultrasound diagnostics yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub supine txoj hauj lwm, uas nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg mob nrog lub plawv pathologies yuav ua rau ib tug cia li pib ntawm tus kab mob los yog exacerbate lub sij hawm ntawm tus kab mob.
Qhib qhov txhab thiab kub hnyiab tsis tau ua tiav vim tsis muaj peev xwm siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab nqa tawm ib qho kev txav ntawm lub cev. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tau ntsib teeb meem hauv kev kuaj mob hauv cov hlab ntsha, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus, hauv cov neeg mob rog rog, pom qhov tsis pom kev, feem ntau qhov muag plooj.
Dab tsi ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis qhia
Txoj haujlwm ntawm kev kuaj mob ultrasound nyuaj yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub xeev kev ua haujlwm tam sim no ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm sab qis, txheeb xyuas qhov ua txhaum cai hauv nws txoj haujlwm, thiab txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm cov teeb meem.
Thaum xaus, tus kws tshaj lij piav qhia txog cov kab mob uas ua tau thiab cov lus qhia dav dav:
- Varicosis yog ib hom kab mob ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau cov hlab ntsha tsis ua haujlwm thiab cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav tawm.
- Deep vein thrombosis - tsim cov ntshav txhaws (thrombi) hauv lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cuam tshuam cov ntshav ntws. Ntshav khov ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
- Atherosclerosis yog kev loj hlob ntawm cov quav hniav hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov quav hniav ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Qhov tsis muaj kev kho mob txaus provokes txoj kev loj hlob ntawm thrombosis, ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov phab ntsa venous, nqaim ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab cov hlab ntsha txhaws.
- Endarteritis yog qhov mob, ua raws li qhov mob, ntawm cov hlab ntsha capillaries. Cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem txav mus rau cov hlab ntsha loj.
- Phlebitis - mob ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov leeg. Provokes thrombosis.
Cov kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm tus cwj pwm phem, kev ua neej nyob tsis muaj zog, noj zaub mov tsis zoo, rog rog, ib puag ncig cuam tshuam thiab ntau yam.
Kev txiav txim siab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob ultrasound yuav tsum tau tso siab rau tus kws kho mob uas muaj kev paub dhau los nrog kev tsim nyog qib siab, nws yuav tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yam tsis pom hauv cov duab. Piv txwv li, nrog cov calcification siab ntawm cov hlab ntsha me me, lawv yuav tsis pom nyob rau hauv cov duab, tus kws tshaj lij uas muaj kev paub dav yuav nco ntsoov qhov no hauv qhov kev txiav txim.
Yuav sau dab tsi hauv qhov xaus
Kev txhais lus tsim nyog ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas txawm tias qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntshav. Koj tuaj yeem tso siab rau kev txhais cov kev tshawb fawb tsuas yog rau tus kws kho mob uas paub txog - phlebologist lossis kws phais mob vascular.
Tus kws tshaj lij ntsuas cov ntsuas hauv qab no:
- Vmax yog tus nqi siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntshav khiav nrawm.
- Vmin -yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntshav ntws.
- RI yog qhov taw qhia ntawm vascular resistance.
- PI – Pulsation Index.
- TIM - thickness ntawm cov hlab ntsha (sab hauv thiab nruab nrab).
Txhua kab ntshav muaj nws tus kheej cov qauv ntsuas, raws li tus kws tshaj lij txiav txim siab txog lub xeev ntawm tus neeg mob cov hlab ntsha. Ua koj tus kheej, tso siab rau cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab, yuav tsis ua haujlwm.
Cov txheej txheem ultrasound muaj rau yuav luag txhua tus pej xeem. Piv txwv li, nws yuav raug nqi npaum li cas los ua ib qho ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis hauv Moscow? Tus nqi rau tus txheej txheem nws txawv heev nyob ntawm seb txoj kev kawm thiab qhov chaw uas nws tau ua.
Nrog rau qib siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hom kev kuaj mob no, nws yog ntxiv. Raws li lub hauv paus ntawm ultrasound, tus kws kho mob tsis tuaj yeem tsim qhov kev kuaj pom tseeb. Txhawm rau kom paub meej nws, tus neeg mob xav tau kev kawm dav dav ntawm ntau yam ntsuas kev noj qab haus huv, suav nrog kev sim kuaj, qee yam kev sim, MRI, thiab lwm yam.
kawm qhov twg
Rau kev pab thiab kuaj mob, cov neeg mob tig mus rau phlebologist hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob. Tom qab kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas sab nrauv, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tau sau ib txoj kev tshawb fawb thiab qhia koj qhov twg ua ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg qis. Cov cuab yeej muaj nyob rau hauv txhua lub tsev kho mob, kuaj mob, chaw sib tham, qhov twg cov khoom siv rau kev kuaj mob ultrasound raug teeb tsa.
Koj tuaj yeem thov kev pab rau cov tsev kho mob pej xeem loj uas muaj lub tuam tsev kho mob vascular, qhov twg nws yuav ua tau mus kawm dawb. ultrasound ntawm leegtxo qis hauv tsev yog nqa tawm yog tias tus neeg mob tuaj yeem tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw kho mob. Yuav kom tau txais kev pabcuam, tus kws kho mob raug hu los ntawm lub tsev kho mob, tus nqi ntawm kev kuaj mob nrog kev mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab cov khoom siv yuav kim dua.
Tus nqi rau kev kuaj mob ultrasound ntawm qis qis yog tsim nyob ntawm seb yuav ua haujlwm ntau npaum li cas thiab kev tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau ua, cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha twg yuav raug them rau kev kuaj mob. Cov txheej txheem rau ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis extremities nyob rau hauv Moscow (peb qhia tus nqi nruab nrab) yog los ntawm 2 mus rau 2.5 txhiab rubles.
Leej twg txaus ntshai
Ua rau cov kab mob hauv cov hlab ntsha tau txais, congenital, hnub nyoog ntsig txog yam lossis ib puag ncig.
Congenital suav nrog:
Heredity (tsev neeg keeb kwm, coagulation defects, thiab lwm yam)
Purchased:
- ntshav txhaws.
- Kev rog, neoplasms.
- kab mob chronic.
- Varicosis, kab mob sib kis.
- Nephrotic syndrome, plaster fixation.
- Kev raug mob, phais.
- Kev cev xeeb tub, lub sijhawm tom qab yug menyuam.
- Neegative environmental impact.
- Cov kab mob Myeloproliferative.
- Central venous catheter.
- Kev siv tshuaj ntev lossis tas li.
- kev tawm dag zog ntau dhau, cov neeg mob pw hauv txaj.
- Long journey in zaum.
kuaj ultrasound tsis yog qhov kawg rau kev tsim cov lus txiav txim rau tus kabmob. Nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuasTus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb piav qhia txog cov xwm txheej ntawm cov hlab ntsha sab nraud thiab sib sib zog nqus, cov hlab ntsha, pom cov laj thawj rau kev sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav ntws los ntawm cov qauv lossis hais qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov phab ntsa venous, qhia pom muaj cov ntshav txhaws, atherosclerotic plaques. Kev kuaj mob yog tsim los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev sim, lawv qhov yuav tsum tau ua yog ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm sab qis.
