Txawm tias kev sim sim yooj yim tuaj yeem qhia ntau yam txog peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Piv txwv li, kev kuaj ntshav niaj hnub tuaj yeem qhia txog kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem pathological hauv lub cev. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev qhia ncaj ncees rau kev kuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem inflammatory lossis kab mob hnyav dua. Kev kuaj ntshav dav dav suav nrog kev kawm txog ntau qhov ntsuas, ib qho yog lymphocytes, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog tias cov lymphocytes nce siab, qhov no txhais li cas, peb yuav txheeb xyuas hauv qab no.
Definition
Lymphocytes yog cov qe ntshav dawb los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov leukocytes. Lawv tsim feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov pob txha pob txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho me me yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav, tonsils thiab spleen. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lymphocytes yog los tiv thaiv lub cev - lawv tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov cellular tiv thaiv, pab lub cev paub txog cov kab mob.
hom lymphocytes
Lymphocytes txaismuab faib ua ob peb hom:
- YT-lymphocytes. Cov tsiaj no ua rau feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov huab hwm coj - txog 70%. Nrog kev pab los ntawm T-lymphocytes, cov qog thiab cov hlwb uas raug puas tsuaj raug puas tsuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog rau lawv cov kev pab, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau ua tiav
- YB-lymphocytes. Cov hlwb no muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob humoral. Lawv tuaj yeem txav los ntawm cov hlab ntshav mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg, nqa tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv zos. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tsiaj no muaj peev xwm hloov mus rau hauv cov ntshav plasma uas tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
- NK yog neeg tua neeg. Cov no yog cov hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thiab rhuav tshem lub cev tsis zoo - kis kab mob lossis lwm yam kab mob, nrog rau cov qog hlwb.
Ntaus ntawm lymphocytes
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov lymphocytes hauv cov ntshav feem ntau tshwm sim raws li qhov tseeb thiab tus nqi txheeb ze. Tsis muaj - qhov no yog tus naj npawb ntawm lymphocytes lawv tus kheej rau qee qhov ntim ntawm cov ntshav. Qhov taw qhia txheeb ze yog feem pua ntawm cov lymphocytes txheeb ze rau leukocytes.
Nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, tus nqi ntawm lymphocytes hauv cov ntshav yog nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum tas li. Tab sis hauv cov menyuam yaus, tus nqi sib txawv raws hnub nyoog.
Xav txog lub rooj ntawm tus nqi ib txwm.
| hnub nyoog | Absolute indicator, | ntsuas txheeb ze |
| Tus neeg laus | 1–4, 910^9 | 20–37% |
| Cov me nyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos | 2–1110^9 | 45–70% |
| Los ntawmib mus rau ob xyoos | 3–910^9 | 37–60% |
| 2 txog 6 xyoo | 2–810^9 | 35–55% |
| 6 txog 10 xyoo | 1, 5–710^9 | 30–50% |
| 10+ thiab hluas | 1, 2–5, 210^9 | 30–45% |
Cov qauv ntawm lymphocytes hauv cov ntshav tsis txawv ntawm poj niam txiv neej. Tab sis rau cov laj thawj ntawm lub cev, cov kev txwv ntawm cov qauv hauv tus poj niam yuav nce me ntsis. Hauv cov txiv neej, lymphocyte suav nrog cov hnub nyoog qis dua. Yog li ntawd, yog tias tom qab 45-50 xyoo muaj qhov dhia ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Lymphocytosis
Qee tus neeg mob, tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam, nug lawv tus kheej: yog tias qib lymphocytes yog 40, qhov no txhais li cas? Ib qho xwm txheej uas muaj cov qe ntshav nce ntxiv rau lawv cov qauv yog hu ua lymphocytosis. Qhov no tuaj yeem qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological hauv lub cev uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov laj thawj rau qhov nce tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si physiological mob thiab cov kab mob txaus ntshai. Lymphocytosis tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm kev suav cov ntshav. Hauv qab no peb xav txog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv.
Ua rau lymphocytosis
Muaj ntau yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau lymphocytosis. Xav txog vim li cas cov lymphocytes nce hauv cov ntshav?
Tsis muaj kev phom sij rau lub cev muaj xws li cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- Qib ntawm lymphocytes 40 hauv tus poj niam tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim cev xeeb tub, thaum cev xeeb tub lossisthaum muaj poj niam.
- Smoking.
- Kev nyuaj siab.
- Kev ua kom lub cev muaj zog.
- Lymphocytes ntawm 40% thiab siab dua kuj tshwm sim tom qab noj qee yam tshuaj.
Yog tias qhov nce tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob saum toj no, tom qab ib ntus cov lymphocytes rov zoo li qub. Tsis xav tau kev kho mob ntxiv.
Tab sis feem ntau, kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv hauv kev kuaj ntshav tshwm sim vim kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv.
kis kab mob:
- ARVI;
- flu;
- herpes;
- kab mob siab;
- windmill;
- measles;
- rubella;
- mononucleosis thiab lwm yam.
Kab mob kab mob:
- hnoos;
- tuberculosis;
- toxoplasmosis;
- syphilis;
- chlamydia;
- ureaplasmosis thiab lwm yam.
Cov Kab Mob Endocrine:
- kab mob zes qe menyuam;
- pathology ntawm cov qog adrenal;
- kab mob thyroid.
Cov txheej txheem autoimmune:
- bronchial hawb pob;
- mob caj dab;
- eczema;
- psoriasis;
- Ylupus erythematosus.
kab mob ntshav siab:
- lymphocytic leukemia;
- lymphoblastic leukemia;
- lymphosarcoma;
- lymphoma;
- kev faib tawm ntawm metastasis.
Qib ntawm lymphocytes 40 hauv tus neeg laus yog pom tom qab tshem tawm ntawm tus po thiab hauv cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv. Deviations los ntawm tus qauv nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm nce cov ntshav cov ntshav kuj tau pom nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm rov qab. NtawmTom qab qee lub sijhawm, qib ntawm lymphocytes rov qab mus rau qhov qub.
Yog tias tus poj niam cev xeeb tub muaj 40% lossis ntau dua lymphocytes, tus kws kho mob tau sau cov kev sim ntxiv los txiav txim qhov ua rau. Kev kuaj mob ntxiv yog xav tau vim tias thaum cev xeeb tub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg, niam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav pom tau tias tus me nyuam hauv plab yog cov khoom txawv teb chaws, yog li ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm nchuav menyuam. Tsis tas li, qhov nce hauv cov ntsuas yuav qhia txog kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem pathological hauv lub cev.
Kev haus luam yeeb kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lymphocytosis. Yog li ntawd, ntawm tus kws kho mob lub sij hawm, nws yog tsim nyog los qhia txog nws. Raws li txoj cai, tom qab tshem tawm tus cwj pwm phem, theem ntawm lymphocytes sai sai rov qab los rau qhov qub.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov lymphocytes siab
Lymphocytosis tsis yog ib qho kab mob sib cais, tab sis qhov ntsuas ntawm lub xeev ntawm cov ntshav, qhia txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob pathological. Vim li no, cov tsos mob uas lymphocytes loj tuaj yuav nyob ntawm tus kab mob concomitant uas ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov qe ntshav no tuaj yeem ua nrog cov cim qhia, thaum pom tias nws raug nquahu kom hu rau lub tsev kho mob.
Muaj peev xwm tshwm sim ntawm cov lymphocytes ntau ntxiv suav nrog:
- nce lub cev kub;
- nce thiab mob qog nqaij hlav;
- tuberosity ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav thiab lawv qhov liab ntawm palpation;
- xav tsis zoo;
- poob qab los;
- tawm hws tuaj yeem nce;
- xov mob taub hau.
- qhov loj ntawm tus po kuj pom.
Diagnosis
txhawm rau kuaj xyuas lymphocytosis, kev kuaj ntshav los ntawm tus ntiv tes ntawm lub plab khoob yog siv. Ua ntej tus txheej txheem, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob haus luam yeeb, haus cawv thiab noj ntsim, qab ntsev haus cov zaub mov.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej, kuaj ntshav ntau zaus hauv ib hnub. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, nws raug nquahu kom ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ua ntej teem sijhawm kho lossis 2 lub lis piam tom qab ua tiav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau muab cov ntshav pub dawb rau tib lub chaw kuaj ntshav kom paub qhov tseeb tshaj plaws.
Qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev kho lub cev ua haujlwm sai ua ntej kuaj ntshav, x-rays. Nws tsis pom zoo kom dag ua ntej kev tshuaj ntsuam.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no yuav yog los txiav txim seb qhov ua rau ua rau nce qib ntawm cov ntshav lymphocytes ntawm 40% lossis ntau dua. Deciphering qhov kev tsom xam, tus kws kho mob kos xim rau qhov kev hloov ntawm txhua qhov ntsuas. Qhov no tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas cov kab mob twg uas ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv yog.
Muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke:
- Yog tias lymphocytes thiab leukocytes loj tuaj. Qhov no tuaj yeem qhia tau tias muaj kab mob kis kab mob thiab kab mob ntshav txaus ntshai.
- Ib txhij nce hauv lymphocytes thiab platelets qhia tias ob yam kab mob tsis sib xws tuaj yeem txhim kho hauv lub cev. Tab sis qhov txo qis hauv platelet qib tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev nce hauv cov qe ntshav dawb taw qhia rau cov txheej txheem autoimmune.
- Yog tias cov suav neutrophil raug txo, thiab cov lymphocytes yog 40% lossis ntau dua, qhov no yog qhov cimmuaj tus kab mob hauv lub cev.
- Kev txo qis hauv monocytes thaum lub sijhawm lymphocytosis tuaj yeem qhia txog cov txheej txheem oncological.
Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev kuaj mob ntxiv tau raug sau tseg rau kev kuaj mob kom raug. Cov no suav nrog:
- kuaj zis thiab ntshav;
- ultrasound;
- radioography;
- MRI lossis CT;
- kuaj gynecological thiab lwm yam.
Kev kho mob
Thaum kuaj mob lymphocytosis, nws yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm tus mob no sai li sai tau. Qee zaum rov kuaj ntshav kom paub meej qhov tshwm sim.
Kev kho yuav raug muab raws li qhov ua rau ntawm qhov nce hauv lymphocytes. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau sau tseg. Probiotics, antacids, thiab corticosteroids yuav raug pom zoo. Rau cov kab mob hnyav dua, cov txheej txheem tshuaj khomob thiab lwm txoj kev kho mob tau pom zoo rau txhua tus neeg mob ib leeg.
Txij li tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj koom tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, nws tsis pom zoo kom kho tus kheej. Tom qab tag nrho, kev kho tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab poob sijhawm.
Kev nce lymphocytes hauv cov menyuam yaus
Tam sim tom qab yug me nyuam, tus me nyuam muaj cov lymphocytes tsawg heev hauv cov ntshav. Tab sis tom qab 4-5 hnub, lawv qib nce nce siab txheeb ze rau lwm cov leukocytes. Qhov no txuas ntxiv mus txog li 4-5 xyoos, tom qab ntawd maj mam cov lymphocytes pibtxo qis thiab mus txog qib ntawm tus neeg laus. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias hauv cov menyuam yaus lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov kab mob hematopoietic tseem tsis tau tsim tiav.
Tus mob no yog hu ua physiological lymphocytosis, uas tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lwm cov ntsuas. Lymph nodes tsis loj.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, nws tsim nyog hu rau tus kws kho mob kom paub meej.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Nrog kev kho tsis raws sijhawm ntawm cov kab mob sib kis, cov teeb meem loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim, xws li:
- Kev kis tus kab mob. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum tsis kho thaum muaj tus kab mob kis.
- Kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob kis mus rau ib tus mob ntev.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob ntxiv, uas yav tom ntej yuav ua rau nws nyuaj rau tsim kom muaj kev kuaj mob kom raug.
- Kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob oncological, uas qhov kev kuaj mob lig yuav txo tau txoj hauv kev rov zoo.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm lymphocytosis yuav ua kom lub cev muaj zog thiab tswj cov kab mob hauv lub cev kom zoo. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ua raws cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
- noj cov vitamins thaum beriberi. Tab sis koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau sau ntawv rau lawv;
- tsis txhob nyob hauv qhov chaw muaj neeg coob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj kev sib kis;
- haus li 2 litres dej ib hnub;
- ua kis las;
- tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej cov zaub mov muaj protein;
- sim tsis txhobsupercool thiab tsis overheat;
- muab tus cwj pwm phem;
- taug kev sab nraum zoov;
- kom tau so zoo;
- kho lawv cov kab mob raws sijhawm thiab mus txog qhov kawg;
- pub ntshav li ob zaug hauv ib xyoos, vim tias lymphocytosis tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv latent;
- qhia zaub liab thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau hauv kev noj haus.
Zoo kawg
Tau pom tias yog vim li cas cov lymphocytes nce hauv cov ntshav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias tsis yog ib qho kev sib txawv me me ntawm cov qauv yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm txhua yam kab mob. Rau ntau tus neeg, qhov nce me ntsis ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb yog qhov qub. Kev nce hauv lymphocytes txog 40% yog suav tias yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb rau cov neeg laus. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawj thiab nrhiav cov cim ntawm cov kab mob loj. Txawm tias tus kws kho mob yuav tsis tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb raws li kev kuaj ntshav ib zaug. Kev kho mob, yog tias tsim nyog, tsuas yog tom qab sau cov anamnesis thiab ntsuas kev kuaj mob ntxiv uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov tseeb ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv.
