Lub qhov muag yog daim iav ntawm tus ntsuj plig. Yog tias daim iav tsis qhia qhov peb xav tau, nws ua rau lub neej nyuaj heev. Qhov muag tsis pom kev tau dhau los ua teeb meem ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, kev ua tiav kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no pab daws cov teeb meem no.
myopia yog dab tsi?
Myopia yog ib yam kab mob ntawm lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag, tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm tus neeg lub peev xwm pom cov khoom nyob deb. Hauv tib neeg, tus kab mob no feem ntau hu ua myopia. Tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg mob khaws lub peev xwm pom cov khoom nyob ze.
Nrog qhov tsis pom kev tsis pom kev, cov duab ntawm cov khoom tsim tsis yog ntawm retina, tab sis nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm nws. Ib tug neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm myopia pom cov khoom nyob deb qhov muag plooj thiab tsis paub meej. Lub zog ntawm qhov muag plooj nyob ntawm seb qhov twg ntawm myopia nws muaj.
Kev faib tawm
Kev txo qis ntawm qhov pom kev pom vim myopia tau muab faib ua ntau qib:
- Mild myopia - qhov ua txhaum cai yog mus txog 3 diopters. Kev kuaj xyuas cov khoom nyob deb yog teeb meem rau tus neeg mob, cov khoom uas nyob ze tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem.
- Moderate myopia - qhov muag tsis pom kev ntawm 3 mus rau 6 diopters. Kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom nyob deb,ib tug neeg xav tau kev kho tshwj xeeb. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev yuav raug cuam tshuam, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov deb txog li 30 cm.
- High degree myopia - ua txhaum ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev los ntawm 6 diopters lossis ntau dua. Cov khoom nyob ze, thiab nyob deb, pom tsis zoo thiab tsis pom kev. Ib tug neeg pom meej tsuas yog dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub zeem muag tam sim ntawd. Xws li myopia xav tau kev kho tas li nrog tsom iav lossis lo ntsiab muag.
moderate myopia
Txawm hais tias zoo li qhov sib txawv me me hauv qhov pom kev pom, qhov muag me ntsis qhov muag tau cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv hauv cov nyiaj, ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem. Xws li myopia yuav tsum tau kho thaum lub qhov muag saib mus rau qhov deb. Txwv tsis pub, vim qhov nro tsis tu ncua, tus kab mob yuav kis mus ntxiv.
Ua rau mob myopia nruab nrab
Qhov ua rau myopia tuaj yeem muab faib ua congenital thiab kis tau.
Congenital ua rau:
- Heredity - yog tias ob leeg niam txiv ntawm tus menyuam raug kev txom nyem los ntawm myopia, ces lawv tus menyuam kuj yog 50% zoo li yuav yug los nrog qhov teebmeem no. Yog li ntawd, yog tias muaj ib tug niam txiv, ces 25%, tab sis uas kuj heev.
- Congenital ua rau xws li cov leeg tsis muaj zog, qhov loj ntawm lub qhov muag tsis raug thaum yug los. Cov kev sib txawv no tshwm sim txawm tias tsis muaj leej twg hauv tsev neeg muaj lawv ua ntej.
- High intracranial thiab intraocular siab. Qhov no yog vim li cas rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus mob myopia nruab nrab kuj tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi los ntawm qhov tshwm sim, vim nws tsis yog ib txwm muaj.tshwm sim los ntawm yug.
Caus ntawm myopia:
- Tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab so rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub computer, ntsiav tshuaj, TV. Kev raug lub vijtsam ntev ua rau lub qhov muag tsis tu ncua, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau qhov pom.
- Nyeem phau ntawv thiab ua haujlwm hauv qhov kaj ci, saib cov khoom siv hauv qhov tsaus ntuj.
- Vitamin tshaib plab ntawm lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag. Txoj kev zoo tshaj kom tsis txhob muaj mob yog tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog tias qhov muag tsis tau txais cov vitamins tsim nyog, qhov muag yuav maj mam pib poob.
- Ntau zaus, cov neeg uas pib poob qhov muag tsis mus cuag kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, tab sis mus yuav tsom iav lossis lo ntsiab muag ntawm lawv tus kheej, tsis paub qhov tseeb tam sim no " rho tawm ". Kev xaiv tsis raug ntawm txoj kev kho yuav ua rau qhov muag tsis tu ncua thiab ua rau lawv tus mob tsis zoo.
- Medium myopia tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lub hlwb raug mob.
- Qee cov kab mob sib kis ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev tsis pom kev zoo.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob myopia
Kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob xws li myopia yuav tsis pom tam sim ntawd, vim qhov pom kev tsis zoo zuj zus thiab ntau tus neeg ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm cov khoom mus rau kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm lub computer lossis qaug zog.
Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev:
- Duab plooj ntawm cov khoom uas nyob deb thiab deb li 30 cm.
- Cov khoom nyob ncaj qha "hauv qab lub qhov ntswg", tus neeg mob tseem tuaj yeem pom yam tsis muaj kev pabkho.
- Squinting your eyes. Thaum daim tawv muag yog squinted, lub sharpness ntawm daim duab yog kho kom zoo, raws li lub hauv paus tsis pom kev nce vim qhov txo ntawm cov tub kawm ntawv cheeb tsam.
- Qee zaum, protrusion ntawm lub qhov muag tshwm sim vim qhov nce ntawm qhov axis ntawm lub qhov muag.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus mob myopia nruab nrab
Pom ib lossis ntau dua ntawm cov tsos mob saum toj no, ib tus neeg tig mus rau tus kws kho qhov muag. Tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua qhov kev kuaj mob xws li mob myopia.
Nws yuav:
- Kev kuaj mob ophthalmic tshwj xeeb uas txiav txim siab qhov pom kev pom.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm tus qauv ntawm lub qhov muag.
- Kev tshawb fawb qhov muag pom kev.
- Cov txheej txheem ntawm ophthalmoscopy ncaj qha lossis biomicroscopy ntawm lub qhov muag yog ua thaum nws tsim nyog los xyuas cov kev hloov pauv uas tau tshwm sim ntawm retina.
- Ultrasound ntawm lub qhov muag, yog tias tsim nyog, ntsuas qhov axis ntawm lub qhov muag thiab qhov loj ntawm lub lens.
- ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm qhov muag.
myopia thiab cev xeeb tub
Myopia tsis yog ib qho contraindication rau cev xeeb tub, tab sis muaj ntau yam kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog nws. Yog hais tias lub qhov muag ntawm lub qhov muag nrog pathologies thiab cov kab mob loj hlob, ces thaum yug me nyuam muaj kev txaus ntshai ntawm rupture los yog detachment ntawm lub retina. Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj lossis tsis pom kev ua tiav.
Vim li no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cev xeeb tub nrog mob me me myopia feem ntau yog kev phais. kawgQhov kev txiav txim siab hauv qhov teeb meem no yuav yog nyob ntawm gynecologist uas coj cev xeeb tub.
myopia hauv me nyuam
Myopia tau yau zuj zus sai, raws li kev txheeb cais, 75% ntawm nws cov neeg mob hauv menyuam yaus tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 9-12. Hom kab mob zoo ib yam li cov neeg laus. Tab sis muaj cov laj thawj uas pom tsuas yog thaum tseem hluas:
- Myopia feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam mos ntxov ntxov.
- qhov muag raug mob thaum yug.
- Txoj kev nyuaj siab ntawm lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag thaum lub sijhawm npaj mus kawm ntawv.
- kab mob sib kis thiab lawv cov teeb meem.
- lub cev loj hlob sai thiab hloov pauv hormonal.
Thaum tus menyuam hais lus tsis tau, nws tsis yooj yim los txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pom kev. Thawj zaug, tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist kuaj tus menyuam mos hauv tsev kho mob, tab sis yog tias tom qab ntawd muaj lub sijhawm ceeb toom, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Cov kab mob me nyuam yaus yog kho tau ntau dua thaum lawv kuaj pom ua ntej. Koj tuaj yeem tham txog tus mob myopia nruab nrab ntawm ob lub qhov muag yog:
- Thaum 3 lub hlis, tus menyuam mos tsis tuaj yeem tsom mus rau qhov khoom ci.
- Thaum muaj 1 xyoos, tus me nyuam squins, nqa nws ze rau ntawm lub ntsej muag, ntsais ntau zaus thaum sim pom cov khoom ua si.
- Muaj 6 lub hlis ntawm tus menyuam, cia peb hais lub sijhawm thaum lub qhov muag saib me ntsis ntawm qhov sib txawv. Yog tias tus kab mob strabismus tsis ploj mus txog rau lub hlis, cov niam txiv raug qhia kom mus ntsib kws kho mob, vim tias strabismus thiab myopia feem ntau nrog rau ib leeg thaum tseem me.
- Thaum muaj hnub nyoog, tus me nyuam yuav muaj peev xwm yws txog qhov phemPom cov khoom lossis mob taub hau, nkees yooj yim, tsis xis nyob hauv qhov muag.
Yog tias myopia tsis raug lees paub hauv tus menyuam lub sijhawm, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev lag luam tag nrho, kev kawm tsis zoo, thiab tsim cov complexes.
Kev kho tsis yog phais
Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob myopia nruab nrab, kev kho los ntawm kev kho qhov muag txhais tau tias muaj txoj haujlwm ua. Qhov no tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub zeem muag hauv qhov degree no tseem me me thiab tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim los ntawm txoj kev no. Nws kuj pom zoo rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus.
Pros of kho qhov muag:
- Speed - Hauv 10 feeb tus kws tshaj lij zoo yuav khaws cov lo ntsiab muag lossis tsom iav zoo meej, qhia lawv siv thiab khaws cia.
- Painless - tsom iav thiab lo ntsiab muag nrog kev xaiv kom tsis txhob ua rau mob thiab tsis xis nyob hauv qhov muag.
- Price - nrog qhov ntxiv no, tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem sib cav. Tus nqi ntawm ib pob lo ntsiab muag yog 20 npaug tsawg dua tus nqi ntawm kev phais laser, tab sis xav tau ib nkawm lo ntsiab muag tshiab txhua 2 lub lis piam lossis ib hlis. Kev phais laser yog ua tiav ib zaug hauv lub neej. Raws li, sawv daws yuav xaiv rau nws tus kheej.
Cons ntawm kev kho qhov muag tuaj yeem muab faib nruab nrab ntawm cov iav thiab lo ntsiab muag. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas complexes txog kev hnav tsom iav tseem muaj sia nyob, txawm li cas los xij cov tsom iav fashionable. Vim li no ib leeg thiaj li txom nyem thiab tsis hnav.
Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas tib neeg raug yuam kom tso tsegkev siv lo ntsiab muag yog ua xua thiab hypersensitivity ntawm lub qhov muag. Lawv kuj tsis tuaj yeem siv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm kis kab mob ntawm lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag. Qee cov neeg hnav cov looj tsom iav raug hem thaum lawv muab tso rau, lawv xav tias mob thiab txaus ntshai.
YLaser kho tau
Yog tus neeg mob nkees ntawm kev siv kho qhov muag kho qhov muag, kev phais laser yuav pab nws. Qhov nruab nrab myopia yog kho tau yooj yim los ntawm txoj kev no, sib piv rau tib yam kab mob ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog thiab qib siab. Cov txheej txheem no tau pom zoo rau cov neeg uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm -1 txog -15 diopters. Lub hnub nyoog pom zoo rau kev phais yog los ntawm 18 txog 55 xyoo.
Lub laser hloov cov duab ntawm lub pob kws, thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom yuav rov poob rau ntawm retina, raws li nws yuav tsum.
Pros ntawm laser kho:
- Qhov tshwm sim tas mus li - tsis zoo li tsom iav thiab lo ntsiab muag, lub laser yuav kho qhov muag mus tas li, nws yuav zoo nyob rau txhua qhov huab cua thiab qhov kub thiab txias.
- Qhov nrawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm - ua ke nrog kev npaj, nws siv sijhawm 20 feeb. Tus neeg mob tuaj yeem rov qab mus tsev tam sim tom qab ua tiav.
- Painless - tshuaj loog yog siv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Thaum lub sij hawm kho dua tshiab, dryness thiab burning ntawm lub qhov muag yog ua tau. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, koj yuav tsum hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, nws yuav muab cov tshuaj moisturizing los yog soothing tee.
- Guarantee - tus neeg mob yuav pom kev zoo meej, yog tias thawj zaug nws tsis muaj qhov sib txawv thiab contraindications.
Kev kho phais
Ib txhia zaus, thaum lub pob txha ntawm lub qhov muag nyias nyias,muaj hnub nyoog tshaj lub sab sauv bar thiab rau ib co kab mob nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom kho nrog ib tug laser. Cov lus nug tshwm sim, yuav ua li cas kho mob myopia nruab nrab hauv qhov no?
Hauv qhov no, lwm txoj hauv kev ntawm kev phais yuav pab tau:
- Hloov lub lens - koj lub lens hloov nrog ib qho khoom siv los ntawm micro-incision ntawm lub qhov muag.
- Implantation of a phakic lens - silicone lens yog ntxig rau hauv lub qhov muag, thaum tuav nws lub lens. Kev khiav hauj lwm pab cov neeg uas muaj lub ntsej muag nyias lossis lwm qhov muag uas tsis tuaj yeem kho nrog lub laser.
- Corneaplasty - tus pub cornea tau hloov pauv thiab ua raws li qhov xav tau. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no rov kho dua thiab txhim kho qhov pom tseeb ntawm lub pob txha thiab qhov pom kev pom.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm myopia
Thaum myopia ntawm nruab nrab thiab qib siab tsis saib xyuas, qhov teeb meem loj tshwm sim:
- Kev pom hauv ib qhov muag tsuas yog hu ua amblyopia. Kev kho qhov sib txawv no tsis yooj yim sua los ntawm tus qauv kho qhov muag ntawm kev kho. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nrog ntev myopia raws li kev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv ntawm lub qhov muag. Txhawm rau kho amblyopia, koj yuav tsum xub tshem tawm qhov tseem ceeb.
- Cataract - nrog rau lub sijhawm ntev myopia, lub peev xwm ntawm cov leeg ciliary cog lus txo qis, muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ncig ntawm aqueous lom zem. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov dej noo no yog txhawb nqa lub lens thiab tswj nws cov metabolism. Yog tias muaj teeb meem metabolic tshwm sim, turbidity zones tsim nyob rau hauv lub lens. Tshem tawm qhov noqhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev phais, los ntawm kev hloov lub lens.
- Divergent strabismus tshwm sim feem ntau nrog myopia. Hauv qhov no, cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm qhov muag saib ntawm lub tuam tsev. Thaum ib tug neeg saib mus rau hauv qhov kev ncua deb, cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm nws ob lub qhov muag diverge me ntsis kom ua kom pom tseeb, tab sis thaum ib yam khoom los ze zog, lub qhov muag converge. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm tus neeg tuaj yeem ua kom pom tseeb ntawm ob lub qhov muag yog txwv. Muaj qhov nro tas li ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub qhov muag, vim tias, dhau sijhawm, kev hloov pauv pathological tshwm sim hauv lub cev ntawm qhov muag. Ua ntej yuav kho tus mob strabismus, koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm qhov ua rau nws tshwm sim.
- Nrog myopia, lub qhov muag loj tuaj. Lub retina yog heev rhiab heev thiab maloelastic, nws regeneration tsis muaj zog. Lub retina stretches nrog nce nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag, muaj kev cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus ntawm lub paj hlwb, thiab cov txheej txheem pathological tsim nyob rau hauv lawv. Yog tias myopia nce ntxiv, retina tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntawm phab ntsa.
- Thaum qhov qib ntawm myopia tsis saib xyuas, cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub qhov muag tau puas lawm. Qhov no ua rau cov ntshav tawm ntawm lub qhov muag thiab qhov muag tsis pom kev.
tiv thaiv kab mob
Ua ntej lo lus nug "yuav ua li cas kho mob myopia nruab nrab?", Nws raug nquahu kom kawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tiv thaiv dab tsi zoo lossis yuav pab tau tus kab mob uas nyuam qhuav pib?
- Gymnastics rau qhov muag txhua ib nrab teev loads ntawm lub cev ntawm qhov muag.
- teeb pom kev zoo nkaus xwb - tsis ua haujlwm lossis nyeem hauv qhov tsaus ntuj lossis flickering.
- Categorically tsisNws raug pom zoo kom nyeem hauv tsheb thauj mus los.
- khoom noj khoom haus kom zoo nrog rau qhov yuav tsum muaj cov vitamins thiab minerals hauv nws.
- Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov muag thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm yog tsawg kawg 30 cm.
- Raws li kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab txo qhov muag pom, tshem tawm qhov qhuav thiab khaus, ntau yam tee raug tshuaj. Nrog rau qhov nruab nrab myopia, cov tshuaj raws li cov vitamins thiab cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig tau raug sau tseg. Lawv cov kev siv tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov muag pom kev zoo.
Myopia ntawm nruab nrab degree yog qhov sib txawv loj ntawm qhov pom kev ib txwm muaj, tab sis nrog kev cuam tshuam sai ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab kev kho kom raug, nws tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim. Zoo li txhua yam kab mob, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob khiav nws thiab tos kom muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.
