Tsis yog txhua tus neeg txhua xyoo tau txais kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob endocrinologist. Tab sis feem ntau qhov no yog tib txoj hauv kev los txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem hauv lub sijhawm thiab pib kho lawv. Tau kawg, muaj ntau cov cim qhia tias koj tuaj yeem xav tias muaj qee yam tsis raug, tab sis feem ntau tib neeg tsuas tsis quav ntsej lawv.
Kev kuaj tus kheej
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias dab tsi yuav qhia tau tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, uas cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas loj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ua ntej. Yog li, hauv tsev, koj tsuas tuaj yeem sim soj ntsuam lub cev no. Nws nyob hauv lub caj dab, tom qab cov pob txha thyroid, uas txav thaum nqos.
Yog tias koj tso koj txhais tes kom tus ntiv tes xoo mus rau sab laug ntawm pob txha mos, thiab lwm 4 mus rau sab xis, koj tuaj yeem hnov qhov tsim, uas muaj qhov muag muag. Qhov no yog lub cev peb xav tau. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab yog tias muaj qhov nce hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, koj yuav tsum paub tias nws yuav tsum loj npaum li cas. Yog li, feem ntau, nws yog ntev npaum li qhov huab phalanx ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo - qhov uas tus ntsia thawv nyob. yog kojzoo li loj dua, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau teem caij nrog tus kws kho mob endocrinologist uas tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas tus kws tshaj lij.
Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas nws qhov ceev thiab kuaj xyuas cov pob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nws yog mos thiab elastic. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob. Xws li cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas loj tuaj tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Tom qab tag nrho, nws cov qauv ntom yuav qhia tau hais tias oncology. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias nws txav mus nrog cov thyroid pob txha mos thaum nqos.
Nyob rau qhov mob. Feem ntau, nrog kev kuaj xyuas ntawm lub caj pas, tsuas yog qhov tsis xis nyob yuav tsum muaj. Hauv txhua kis, mus ntsib kws kho mob yuav tsum tau ua.
Yog vim li cas thiaj nce
Tau paub tias qhov twg cov tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas loj yuav tsum tsis txhob raug ignored, nws tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab tias dab tsi ua rau muaj teeb meem. Yog li, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, tus kws kho mob ua ib qho kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus neeg mob, qhia meej seb nws puas muaj ib tug genetic predisposition. Tab sis, ntxiv nrog rau kev hloov pauv, muaj lwm yam laj thawj. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas tuaj yeem yog vim kev ua txhaum ntawm kev nqus iodine lossis yog tias kev noj cov microelement tsawg dhau hauv lub cev.
Goiter kuj tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau dhau ntawm irradiation ntawm caj dab lossis lub taub hau. Qee zaum qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem nyob hauv ntau qhov kev ntxhov siab, kev nyuaj siab ntev, thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws. Ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm goiter thiab hormonal cuam tshuam hauv lub cev.
Ntau yam kab mob goiter
Nyob ntawm daim duab kho mob, cov kws kho mob paub qhov txawv ntau theem. Hauv qib 0, cov thyroid teeb meem tsis raug kuaj pom ntawm kev kuaj xyuas phau ntawv. Nws yog tus loj ib txwm tsis muaj formations.
Qib 1 qhov loj ntawm cov thyroid caj pas yog qhov txawv me ntsis uas tuaj yeem hnov. Tab sis lub caj dab zoo li tsis hloov, tsis muaj deformations tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab.
2 theem yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nce hauv lub cev, uas ua rau pom cov pob txha ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lub caj dab yog deformed. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob pom ib tug goiter ntawm 2nd degree.
Tsis tas li, cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv txav thiab qhov hloov pauv nodal. Hauv thawj kis, hlau nce tusyees. Diffuse goiter kuj muab faib ua tshuaj lom thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Cov nodular daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug txwv cheeb tsam ntawm o ntawm lub caj pas. Kuj muaj ib hom kab mob goiter sib xyaw. Muaj cov cim qhia ntawm ob qho tib si diffuse thiab nodular o.
Kev faib cov teeb meem
Raws li qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, tus kws kho mob endocrinologist yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog tsim kom muaj qib ntawm cov thyroid o, tab sis kuj txheeb xyuas lub xeev euthyroid, hypothyroid lossis hyperthyroid xeev. Cov tsos mob ntawm goiter yuav nyob ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv uas tau tshwm sim nrog lub cev.
Qhov nce euthyroid feem ntau mus tsis pom los ntawm cov neeg mob. Cov neeg feem ntau tsis yws txog dab tsi. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob zoo li no, muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv, cov cim qhia ntawm myocardial pathologies tau sau tseg. Tej zaum kuj yuav muaj teeb meem nrog cov txheej txheem metabolic.
Hyperthyroidgoiter tsawg dua. Tab sis nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev nce hauv cov thyroid caj pas hauv cov poj niam tau kuaj pom ntau dua li cov txiv neej. Cov neeg mob tuaj yeem yws yws ntawm kev ua pa luv luv, palpitations, tawm hws. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog rau daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob no, trembling ntawm tus ntiv tes yog sau tseg.
Hypothyroid goiter muaj ntau cov tsos mob, tab sis lawv yuav tsis tshwm sim thaum ntxov. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siab tshaj, kev kuaj mob yog qhov yooj yim heev. Cov neeg mob muaj lub ntsej muag me ntsis puffy, tawv nqaij qhuav, tawv nqaij daj. Tseem muaj cov plaub hau ntau ntxiv.
Cov tsos mob ntawm euthyroid gland o
Kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob yuav ncaj qha nyob ntawm seb daim ntawv twg tau tsim. Piv txwv li, euthyroid goiter tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv txhua txoj kev. Txawm tias kev kuaj ntshav rau cov thyroid hormones tsis tso cai rau nws kuaj tau. Feem ntau, xws li kev nce ntxiv zoo li pom pom qhov tsis xws li tshuaj pleev ib ce. Cov thyroid caj pas pom meej meej ntawm caj dab. Cov duab ntawm cov neeg muaj tus kab mob no feem ntau. Qhov nce tuaj yeem ua tau zoo heev uas cov qog ua rau cov hlab ntsha, txo cov lumen ntawm cov hlab pas, txoj hlab pas. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg yuav yws yws ua pa nyuaj thiab nqos.
Cov tsos mob ntawm hyperthyroiditis thiab hypothyroiditis
Cov lus nug ntxaws ntawm tus neeg mob thiab sau cov lus tsis txaus siab tso cai rau tus kws kho mob endocrinologist los tsim kev kuaj mob ua ntej. Yog li, hyperthyroid goiter yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm hyperfunction ntawm cov thyroid caj pas. Cov neeg mob feem ntau yws yws ntawm qhov muag pom, tachycardia, nce siab, nrawm ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic,nce qab los noj.
Hypothyroid goiter tshwm sim txawv. Txawm tias qaug zog ntxiv yog ib qho tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm hypotension, plaub hau poob, ib qho kev xav ntawm qhov ncauj qhuav, qee qhov lethargy, flatulence, thiab cem quav. Feem ntau, cov neeg mob tau kuaj pom tias muaj ntshav qab zib raws li qhov ntsuas tau. Ib txhia txawm hnov tsis hnov lus. Qhov no yuav yog vim qhov o ntawm Eustachian raj.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub caj pas
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov kab mob thyroid cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tag nrho. Yog li, lub cev no yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, ruaj khov ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab cov hlab plawv. Nws kuj tseem tswj hwm cov synthesis ntawm cov protein, uas tshwm sim ntawm qib cellular, noj phosphates, calcium thiab oxygen. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov teeb meem hauv lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas cov thyroid caj pas loj tuaj ua rau nws tus kheej. Cov tsos mob (kev kho mob yuav tsum yog txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev) tuaj yeem sib txawv. Lawv txawv nyob ntawm hom kab mob.
Thaum cov thyroid caj pas tsis ua haujlwm ib txwm, qhov hnyav hloov pauv, pom muaj teeb meem ntawm lub hlwb thiab lub zog. Yog li, yog tias tsis kuaj tau raws sijhawm, tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau rog rog, teeb meem plawv loj, plaub hau tsis zoo, kev sib deev thiab lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob
Yog tias tus kws kho mob endocrinologist pom tias txawm tias ib qho tsos mob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas loj, nws yuav xa tuaj rau koj.kev tshuaj xyuas. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tso tseg cov tshuaj hormones tseem ceeb rau nws txoj haujlwm. Tsis tas li, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xa mus kuaj ultrasound ntawm lub qog no. Nrog kev pab ntawm kev kuaj ntshav, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab npaum li cas qib ntawm cov tshuaj hormones lub luag haujlwm rau nws txoj haujlwm tau hloov pauv. Thiab ultrasound tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab txog theem ntawm goiter, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov nodules me me.
Tom qab qhov kev kuaj mob zaum kawg, tsis txhob sim kho tus kheej thiab txawm li cas los xij tsis kam kho cov tshuaj hormones. Feem ntau, tsuas yog nrog nws cov kev pab koj tuaj yeem txo qhov load ntawm cov thyroid caj pas. Cov tshuaj hormones uas tau sau tseg tuaj yeem ua tiav cov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev thiab yog li txhim kho nws txoj haujlwm. Tab sis koj yuav tsum coj lawv tsis tu ncua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus kws kho mob endocrinologist yuav pom zoo kom rov kuaj dua. Qhov no yog tsim nyog los kho cov tshuaj hormones. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob tej zaum yuav yog txhawm rau tshem tawm cov laj thawj uas ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum cai.
Txoj Kev Kho Mob
Yuav xaiv txoj kev kho mob zoo, koj yuav tsum paub tias muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam rau cov kev hloov pauv, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog lub peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj, kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj hormonal txoj cai, tab sis kuj yog kev kho lub neej.
Yog tus kws kho mob tham txog kev kho mob uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim, ces koj yuav tsum tau npaj hloov koj cov zaub mov thiab ntau tus cwj pwm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nce koj cov dej num, sim hloov koj cov metabolism.
Kab mob goiter tshwm sim feem ntau vim kev noj iodine tsis txaus hauv lub cev. ATHauv qhov no, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau cov tshuaj tsim nyog, piv txwv li, nws yuav yog Iodomarin.
Tab sis thaum tus kab mob hyperthyroid goiter tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum tau kho qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov thyroid caj pas kom nws tsim cov tshuaj hormones tsawg. Cov tshuaj no hu ua thyreostatic. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov tshuaj "Tyrozol", "Metizol", "Mercazolil". Lub active ingredient ntawm lawv yog thiamazole. Tsis tas li, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj "Propicil". Hauv nws, cov tshuaj nquag hu ua propylthiouracil. Kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem kav ntev li 1-1.5 xyoo, nyob ntawm seb cov thyroid loj npaum li cas.
Hypothyroid goiter xav tau txoj hauv kev sib txawv rau kev kho mob. Thyroxine yog xav tau los normalize tus mob. Cov tshuaj nto moo tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem kho cov qib ntawm cov tshuaj no hauv lub cev yog "L-thyroxine". Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau siv cov vitamin complexes. Cov vitamins ntawm pawg B, A, C yuav tsum tau muab rau lub cev kom txaus.
Surgery
Qee zaum, tus kab mob goiter loj heev uas nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, pinch cov hlab ntsha, trachea thiab esophagus. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee zaum cov thyroid caj pas loj tuaj tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo. Daim duab muab lub tswv yim meej txog qhov loj npaum li cas ntawm lub cev no. Yog li, qee qhov muaj qe loj loj hauv cheeb tsam caj dab.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev kho kom zoo tsis zoo li yuav tsim nyog. Muaj tseeb tiag, nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej, tus kws phais hniav riam tuaj yeem hloov tau nrog kev kho hluav taws xob.
Teeb meem ntawm menyuam yaus
Cov teeb meem thyroid tuaj yeem pib thaum twg los tau. Tab sis hauv cov menyuam mos, lawv ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem uas tsis tuaj yeem kho tom qab. Yog li, kev nce hauv cov thyroid caj pas hauv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si lub hlwb thiab lub cev kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cev no yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem metabolic, lub xeev ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv.
Muaj ntau cov tsos mob uas tuaj yeem xav tias tus menyuam muaj teeb meem hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm endocrinology. Nws yog qhov zoo dua mus ntsib kws kho mob yog tias tus me nyuam ua tsis taus pa, kev tsis haum tshuaj tsis haum pib tshwm sim, thiab cov kab mob sib kis tau ntau dua. Cov tawv nqaij yuav qhuav, tab sis qee zaum nws yuav moist, edematous. Luv stature kuj yog ib qho kev qhia meej ntawm cov teeb meem. Nws kuj tseem pom zoo kom tau txais kev sab laj tus kws kho mob endocrinologist yog tias, raws li kev ntsuas, tus kws kho mob kuaj mob ntshav qab zib hauv cov pob txha.
Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum kho cov menyuam mos. Lawv tuaj yeem ua ib qho kev xeem ntawv, pom zoo kuaj tshuaj hormone, lossis mus rau ultrasound. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob endocrinologist tuaj yeem txhais tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig, suav nrog lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam thiab daim duab kho mob uas nws pom thaum kuaj.
