plab hnyuv los ntshav yog ib qho ntawm cov cim qhia ntawm kev mob loj hauv tib neeg lub cev. Yog tias tus mob no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Kev ncua sij hawm tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg tuag taus.
Feem ntau, los ntshav yog theem kawg ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov. Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, kev ua neej nrawm dhau, kev ntxhov siab tas li, kev haus luam yeeb tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob ntawm cov kabmob no. Ntau tus neeg noj cov tshuaj ntau ntau thaum cov tsos mob ntxhov siab tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav. Thaum thawj cov cim ceeb toom tshwm, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob plab.
Hom thiab hom ntshav
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm txoj hnyuv loj nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov ntshav poob. Qhov kev ua txhaum cai no tuaj yeem muaj ntau hom, thiab nws daim ntawv tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm daim duab kho mob, nrog rau thaum kuaj mob.
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm sab sauvthiab qis gastrointestinal ib ntsuj av. Cov seem sab sauv suav nrog txoj hlab pas thiab lub plab, thiab cov seem qis suav nrog cov hnyuv me thiab loj, nrog rau qhov quav. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntshav txawv ntawm hom, uas yog:
- mob lossis mob ntev;
- qhia meej lossis tsis meej;
- Single or relapsing.
Ntshav ntshav hnyav tuaj yeem raug cais raws li:
- easy;
- moderate;
- hnyav.
Nrog los ntshav hnyav, ib tus neeg tuaj yeem poob 2-3 litres ntshav, uas ua rau tuag taus.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb
Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob ua rau cov hnyuv los ntshav yog esophageal varices. Nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab, xws li pathology tuaj yeem ua rau sab sauv lossis sab hauv plab. Xws li kev sib cais yog tsim nyog, raws li cov cim qhia, txoj kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob yuav txawv. Los ntshav los ntawm sab sauv GI tshwm sim vim li cas xws li:
- erosive gastritis lossis ulcers;
- esophagitis;
- kev puas tsuaj rau txoj hlab pas;
- neoplasms hauv plab hnyuv.
Tseem muaj lwm yam laj thawj, tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj. Los ntshav hauv GI qis tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog cov xwm txheej xws li:
- qog nqaij hlav thiab polyps;
- helminthiases;
- plab hnyuv diverticulosis;
- kab mob colitis;
- mob kis kab mob;
- kev puas tsuaj rau lub plab hnyuv phab ntsa los ntawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws;
- hemorrhoids.
Ntshav los ntawm cov kab mob GI qis dua ntau dua li ntawm GI sab sauv. Ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm xws li pathology tuaj yeem yog ntau yam kab mob ntshav, uas nws cov coagulability txo qis.
Symptomatics
Cov tsos mob ntawm los ntshav los ntawm txoj hnyuv tuaj yeem txawv heev, yog li feem ntau nws nyuaj heev los tsim nws qhov chaw, qhov no yuav tsum muaj kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntxiv. Ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev poob ntshav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais txog xws li:
- kiv taub hau;
- qaug zog;
- nqhis dej tas li;
- fainting;
- nce plawv dhia;
- mob hnyav pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- zoo hws txias;
- siab poob.
Thaum mob hnyav, kev poob siab tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Yog tias muaj me ntsis los ntshav los ntawm txoj hnyuv, cov tsos mob yuav nce zuj zus, thiab yog tias nws muaj zog, cov tsos mob sab nraud yuav tshwm sim sai sai. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub plab los yog txoj hnyuv, ces thaum thawj qhov kev tsis txaus siab tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob.
ntuav tshwm sim qee lub sijhawm tom qab pib los ntshav. Cov ntuav muaj xim ntawm kas fes hauv av. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntshav cov khoom nrog cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntuav tuaj yeem qhia tau tias los ntshav tau txuas ntxiv rau ob peb teev.
Yog tias ntuav pom nrog cov tsis huv ntawm cov ntshav liab liab, qhov no yuav qhia tau tias los ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm txoj hlab pas, uas tuaj yeem ua rauyuav nrog kev raug mob rau lub plab, thaum cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas lawm. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob sai, vim nws yuav tuag.
Cov xim thiab qhov sib xws ntawm cov quav kuj nyob ntawm lub sijhawm pib los ntshav thiab nws qhov hnyav. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov quav hloov qhia tau hais tias cov ntshav txuas ntxiv mus ntev li ob peb teev. Nrog ib qho mob me me, cov quav ntshav tshwm rau hnub tom qab. Koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob sai. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xim ntawm cov quav thaum los ntshav los ntawm txoj hnyuv yuav nyob twj ywm tsis hloov, thiab qhov muaj ntshav tsuas yog txiav txim siab nrog kev pab los ntawm coprogram.
Ntxiv mus, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm cov quav, uas dhau los ua xim dub thiab nyob ruaj khov. Kev poob ntshav tseem ceeb yog nrog rau qhov pom ntawm cov quav dub.
Cov tsos ntawm cov ntshav liab nyob rau hauv cov quav tsis hloov thaum tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm txoj hnyuv qhia tau tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hemorrhoids lossis muaj qhov quav fissure. Tus mob no tsis yog kev hem thawj rau lub neej, tab sis yuav tsum tau kho sai.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam los ntshav
Cov los ntshav sab hauv los ntawm txoj hnyuv feem ntau pom hauv tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos. Congenital pathologies kuj tuaj yeem pom hauv daim ntawv:
- ib nrab colonic infarction;
- ulcerative necrotizing enterocolitis;
- duplication ntawm txoj hnyuv me.
Qhov no, tus menyuam muaj plab hnyuv, ntuav tas li, regurgitation. Cov quav ua ntsuab xim nrog impurities ntawm mucus thiab ntshav. Yuav tsum tsim nyog thaum thawj cov cim qhia ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm pathology tshwm sim tam sim ntawdmus ntsib kws kho mob kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem txaus ntshai.
Kev pab ib zaug
Kev kho mob ceev rau plab hnyuv los ntshav ua ntej tuaj txog ntawm lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tseem ceeb heev. Hauv qhov no, koj xav tau:
- tso tus neeg mob thiab muab nws so kom tiav;
- siv dej khov lossis lwm yam txias rau ntawm plab hnyuv;
- muab rau tus neeg nqos dej khov me me;
- hu lub tsheb thauj neeg mob ceev.
Nrog cov ntshav poob loj, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov poob qis hauv siab thiab ua tsis taus pa. Kev pab thawj zaug rau kev qaug zog yuav tsum yog tam sim ntawd, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg raug mob tuag. Tias yog vim li cas nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li cov kev cai xws li:
- kev tswj hwm txoj hlab ntshav ntawm aminocaproic acid daws 5%;
- kev tswj hwm ntawm calcium chloride 10%;
- kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm calcium gluconate 10%;
- YVikasol txhaj.
Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob tam sim tus neeg mob hauv lub chaw ua haujlwm gastroenterology. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau muab kev pab thawj zaug rau fainting txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub xeev poob siab. Lub tsev kho mob ua ib qho kev kuaj xyuas kom paub tseeb tias qhov ua rau los ntshav. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, kev tso ntshav thiab tso ntshav qabzib hauv cov ntshav tau ua.
Yog ib tug neeg muaj mob plab ces yuav tsum muaj tshuaj nyob hauv tsev kom txhob los ntshav, vim qhov no yuav pab tau tus neeg raug mob sai sai.
Kev coj uadiagnostics
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm qhov tawg ntawm txoj hnyuv los yog kev puas tsuaj rau lwm qhov ntawm lub plab zom mov tshwm sim, yuav tsum muaj kev pab tam sim ntawm tus kws phais. Tom qab tso tseg cov ntshav, kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob gastroenterologist, oncologist thiab proctologist yog xav tau. Qee zaum, kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob hematologist kuj tseem xav tau. Kev kuaj mob yog nyob ntawm:
- sau anamnesis thiab tsis txaus siab;
- tshuaj ntsuam xyuas;
- kuaj ntshav;
- kuaj ntshav fecal;
- endoscopy.
Thaum muaj kev tsis txaus siab txog cov tsos mob los ntshav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub thaum twg thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim thiab tus neeg koom nrog dab tsi. Lub neej keeb kwm tseem ceeb heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov quav thiab qhov quav. Nws pab txheeb xyuas qhov los ntshav. Thaum kuaj xyuas sab nraud, tus kws kho mob saib xyuas tus neeg mob lub plab. Yog hais tias nws yog flabby thiab saggy, qhov no yuav qhia tau hais tias ib tug prolapse ntawm lub plab. Yog hais tias lub plab mog ua convex, ces qhov no yuav qhia tau hais tias tus txheej txheem ntawm lub qog.
Thaum kuaj ntshav dav dav thaum los ntshav, qhov txo qis hauv hemoglobin thiab cov qe ntshav liab tau sau tseg. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv lub digestive ib ntsuj av, leukocytosis yog pom. Qhov nce ntawm leukocytes yuav nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm malignant neoplasms ntawm lub plab. ESR tej zaum yuav raug txo los yog nyob twj ywm hauv qhov qub.
Thaum muaj kev raug mob lossis raug mob ntawm lub plab, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas endoscopic. Nws yog nqa tawm siv ib tug tshwj xeeb apparatus, uasyog nkag mus rau hauv tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tug kws kho mob. Thaum kuaj endoscopic, ntxiv rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau los ntshav, nws tseem tuaj yeem ua cov txheej txheem kho mob, tshwj xeeb, cauterization lossis clipping ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas.
Thaum cov nyuv ruptured, sigmoidoscopy los yog colonoscopy yog siv. Nrog rectomanoscopy, kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm sigmoid thiab lub qhov quav yog ua. Colonoscopy suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas endoscopic ntawm txoj hnyuv siv lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas cov mucosa ntawm txoj hnyuv loj. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas thiab kho.
Hauv qee kis, kev kuaj mob ultrasound raug sau tseg, uas tau ua nruj me ntsis ntawm lub plab khoob. Qhov no txiav txim siab lub xeev ntawm cov phab ntsa, lawv cov tuab, thiab koj tuaj yeem nrhiav qhov chaw ntawm qhov sib txawv. Ib txoj kev kuaj xyuas zoo li no yuav tso cai rau peb los ntsuas qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob.
Txoj kev kuaj X-ray yog siv dav, txawm hais tias nws cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob raug. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntau zaus los tshuaj xyuas cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog yug me nyuam. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb zoo sib xws tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv qhov muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov txheej txheem qog, ntshav ntshav, ua txhaum kev nqos. Tus neeg mob tau txhaj tshuaj nrog qhov sib txawv, thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev raug soj ntsuam.
Txoj kev kho mob
Kev kho cov kab mob hauv plab yog ua tiav tom qab tsim cov teeb meem tseem ceeb, vim qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj xaiv txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws. Yog tias qhov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev phais lossis yog tias muajulcers, phais yog pom zoo. Conservative kev kho mob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsis coj qhov xav tau.
Yog tias los ntshav yog vim muaj kev puas tsuaj me me, ces qhov teeb meem zoo sib xws tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm kev kho mob endoscopy. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj kho mob angiotherapy, uas suav nrog kev noj tshuaj vasoconstrictor. Nws yog tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug relapse, yuav tsum tau qhia.
Thaum kho lub plab zom mov thaum los ntshav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas lub txaj kom nruj, nrog rau kev ua tiav ntawm lub siab thiab lub cev. Qhov ntim ntawm cov ntshav poob tuaj yeem rov ntxiv nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj intravenously tswj cov ntshav hloov. Nrog rau kev poob ntshav tseem ceeb, yuav tsum tau txhaj cov tshuaj ntshav.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua tiav kev kho mob raws sij hawm, vim qhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov teeb meem loj thiab qhov tshwm sim txaus ntshai.
Kev kho mob ntawm GI sab sauv
Yog tias muaj ntshav los ntawm plab hnyuv sab sauv, qhov no suav tias yog ib qho mob txaus ntshai heev, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob tuag. Ib tug neeg xav tau kev kho mob sai. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tej antiemetics. Koj tsuas tso tau ib lub hnab dej khov rau ntawm koj lub plab xwb.
Kev soj ntsuam thiab kev kho mob tau ua nruj me ntsis hauv tsev kho mob. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau suav nrog kev kuaj endoscopic thiab kev kho phais. Endoscopy qhiantawm kev taw qhia rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab caj pas ntawm gastroscope kom nrhiav tau qhov chaw los ntshav thiab tshem tawm nws. Kev ua haujlwm yog ua thaum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev cuam tshuam endoscopic.
Kev kho mob plab hnyuv
Yog tias muaj teeb meem ntawm plab hnyuv hauv qhov qis thiab los ntshav tshwm sim, ces nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim qhov ua rau ntawm tus mob no thiab ua cov kev kho mob tom ntej. Nws yuav suav nrog kev tshem tawm cov neoplasms, polyps, nrog rau kev phais rau cov leeg varicose.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov qis qis tsis ua rau cov ntshav poob qis heev thiab tsis tshua xav tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob xwm txheej ceev. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob rau kev kho mob ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntawm los ntshav.
Dieting
Koj tuaj yeem noj tau 1-2 hnub tom qab cov ntshav nres. Cov tais diav yuav tsum tau txias, semi-kua lossis kua. Koj tuaj yeem nqos cov dej khov me me.
Raws li koj xav tias zoo dua, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yuav maj mam nthuav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov zaub mov noj. Raws li qhov tseeb 5-6 hnub tom qab tso tseg tag nrho cov ntshav, tus neeg mob yuav tsum noj zaub mov txhua 2 teev hauv ib feem me me. Tom qab ib lub lim tiam, koj tuaj yeem hloov mus rau koj cov zaub mov ib txwm.
Huab cua
Xaiv tus neeg mob tus mob nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntshav. Yog tias cov ntshav poob qis me me, ces qhov tsis muaj zog thiab pallor tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob, tab sis feem ntau tus neeg mob yog suav tias yog qhov txaus siab heev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, gastroenterologistsxav tau kev kho mob, sau ntawv qhia tshuaj, thiab muab kev saib xyuas tus neeg mob tsis tu ncua.
Thaum muaj qhov tshwm sim hnyav dua thiab mob hnyav, mob hauv plab hnyuv, qhov kev cia siab yuav nyob ntawm ntau yam, xws li theem ntawm cov kab mob, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab. General etiology.
Yog tias pom muaj los ntshav sab hauv, cov quav tsaus, xeev siab thiab ntuav nrog ntshav, ces koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim, vim tias tus mob no txaus ntshai heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus neeg mob muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo. Hauv cov neeg laus, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los ua kom muaj kev sib kis ntawm cov hlab ntsha sclerotic, vim nws tau poob ib feem ntawm nws elasticity.
Mob uas tsis nres txij thaum pib los ntshav kuj tseem qhia tau tias muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov tsos mob zoo li no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho rau tus neeg mob. Hauv qhov no, kev cuam tshuam kev phais mob ceev tau qhia. Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias yog tias thawj cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob, yog li koj tuaj yeem cawm koj txoj sia thiab kev noj qab haus huv.
Muaj Teeb Meem
plab hnyuv los ntshav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev, xws li:
- ntshav qab zib;
- hemorrhagic shock;
- mob raum tsis ua haujlwm;
- ntau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm.
Hemorrhagic shock yog hais txog cov mob hnyav heev uas cuam tshuam nrog kev poob ntshav ntau. Ntau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm yog ib qho teeb meem loj ntawm lub cev uas tsim los ua qhov kawg ntawm ntau qhov kev raug mob thiabmob mob heev.
Kev xa mus rau tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua thaum pom thawj cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav tawm hauv lub cev los yog kev kho tus kheej tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj heev, mus txog rau tus neeg mob tuag.
prophylaxis
Kev ntshav yeej tsis tshwm sim ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws ib txwm nrog txhua yam kab mob thiab kev raug mob. Txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj kab mob ntev ntawm lub plab zom mov yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kev tiv thaiv nrog tus kws kho mob thiab kuaj xyuas raws li tau hais tseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kuaj endoscopic tej zaum yuav raug sau tseg.
Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov kab mob ntev, koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb uas tus kws kho mob pom zoo, vim muaj ntau qhov ua rau tus kab mob exacerbation thiab tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem yog qhov yuam kev hauv kev noj haus thiab kev noj haus. ntawm dej cawv.
