Cov tsos mob ntawm venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities, kev kho mob uas yuav tsum tau pib tam sim ntawd, tib neeg feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog kev qaug zog. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias tus kab mob no maj mam thiab qhov kev kuaj mob tau ua nyob rau theem uas yuav tsum tau siv cov txuj ci loj. Feem ntau, venous insufficiency raug kuaj pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog laus, nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas coj ib tug sedentary txoj kev ua neej, haus dej cawv ntau, thiab haus luam yeeb. Tab sis tsis ntev los no tau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob
Venous insufficiency yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav venous tawm ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev (hauv qhov tshwj xeeb, peb tab tom tham txog ob txhais ceg) mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha uas nqa ntshav mus rau lub plawv cov leeg kom oxygen saturation.. Cov txheej txheem no ua rau lub fact tias cov hlab ntsha pib stretch, nyob rau hauv qis extremities nws tsimedema. Cov ntshav stagnates, thiab qhov no provokes loj circulatory ntshawv siab.
Raws li cov txheej txheem no, ib tus kab mob hu ua "varicose veins ntawm qis extremities" tsim. Tus kab mob no txaus ntshai rau nws qhov tshwm sim. Qee zaum, nws ua rau tuag vim kev txhaws ntawm lub hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb lossis lub plawv.
Txoj kev tsim kho
Tus kab mob no tshwm sim raws li txoj cai no. Thaum pib, ntshav stagnates nyob rau hauv qis extremities. Nws qhov ntau dhau ua rau lub fact tias muaj ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Cov leeg, tig mus, ncab vim qhov siab no, thiab lawv li qub pib kaw tsis tiav.
Vim li ntawd, cov ntshav khiav tsis zoo, thiab cov ntshav tsis txav mus. Qhov no ua rau stagnation thiab ib nrab qis qis ntawm cov ntshav.
Signs
Cov tsos mob ntawm venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities tau hais tawm thiab tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab rau qhov tseeb. Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob:
- Tus neeg xav tias hnyav ntawm ob txhais ceg. Cov tsos mob no tshwm sim thaum yav tsaus ntuj, tom qab ib hnub ua haujlwm. Mob ntawm bursting, aching nature.
- Qee zaum muaj cramps nyob rau hauv qis extremities (feem ntau cuam tshuam thaum hmo ntuj).
- Nyob rau hauv cov nqaij nyuj, qhov mob tau hais.
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm edema, uas nce tom qab lub load ntawm ob txhais ceg. Nws tuaj yeem taug kev, sawv hauv ib qho chaw. Edemas tshwm sim thaum yav tsaus ntuj, thiab ploj thaum sawv ntxov. Cov theem kawg ntawm tus kab mob yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm ceg ceg.
- Hyperpigmentation (skin darkens).
- daim tawv nqaij qhuav, onpeeling tshwm, uas yog nrog los ntawm qhov khaus tas li. Lub elasticity ntawm daim tawv nqaij txo qis (cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob venous tsis txaus ntawm cov qis extremities).
- Lub vascular network pom ntawm ob txhais ceg, liab-xiav "hnub qub" tshwm.
- Nyob rau theem lig, trophic ulcers tsim. Tus neeg mob feem ntau yog deterioration.
Yog vim li cas
Muaj ntau ntau yam laj thawj uas ua rau tus kab mob no:
- kev hloov pauv;
- congenital vascular pathology;
- kev kub ntxhov ntawm lub cev;
- cev xeeb tub, yug menyuam (thaum lawv nyuaj);
- hnyav hnyav (load ntawm qis qis);
- ntau dhau lossis tsis ua lub cev;
- lifting luj;
- ua haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau sawv lossis zaum ntev;
- kab mob plab hnyuv ua rau cem quav tsis tu ncua;
- noj tshuaj hormonal yam tsis muaj kev saib xyuas kho mob;
- haus luam yeeb, haus ntau dhau;
- hnub nyoog (cov tsos mob ntawm venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities, kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob feem ntau yog txaus siab rau cov neeg laus thiab senile hnub nyoog);
- hormonal restructuring (qhov tseem ceeb ua rau muaj mob hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas).
Cov ntawv mob hnyav thiab mob ntev
Cov tsos mob ntawm venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities, kho cov kab mob sib txawvtheem muaj lawv tus yam ntxwv. Tag nrho cov cim qhia saum toj no muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog rau daim ntawv mob ntev ntawm tus kab mob. Tab sis muaj qee lub sij hawm thaum lub xeev zoo li ruaj khov hloov mus rau qhov tsis zoo. Kev thaiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav ntws tawm. Hauv cov tshuaj, nws yog kev cai hu rau tus mob no "mob venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities." Kev kho mob zoo li no yuav tsum pib tam sim.
Daim ntawv mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej los ntawm kev tsaus ntuj ntawm daim tawv nqaij (nws tig xiav), mob hnyav. Ib tug neeg muaj mob ntawm ob txhais ceg, lub cev kub nce, lub plawv dhia ceev, hws txias tawm. Cov mob hnyav ua rau txhaws ntawm cov leeg. Daim ntawv mob hnyav yog tias tsis kho sai.
Kev faib tawm
Cov kws phais feem ntau siv kev faib tawm, nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob. Nws suav hais tias yog qhov nkag siab tshaj plaws rau tus neeg nruab nrab.
Kev faib tawm los ntawm qib:
- 0 degree. Cov kab mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntsuas. Tus neeg mob tsis muaj kev tsis txaus siab: tsis muaj qhov mob, ob txhais ceg tsis o. Tus kws kho mob kuaj mob me me varicose leeg.
- Kuv degree. Ib tug neeg muaj mob me me nyob rau hauv qis extremities, tab sis lawv tsis cuam tshuam tas li. Qee zaum ob txhais ceg o. Lub peev xwm ua haujlwm yog qhov qub.
- II degree. Nws yog characterized los ntawm persistent edema, hnub nyoog me ntsis tshwm nyob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tus neeg mob cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov khaus tas li thiab tev ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Ib tug neeg tuaj yeem coj txoj kev ua neej txawb tsuas yog tom qab kev txhawb nqatshuaj.
- III degree. Ib tug neeg raug kuaj pom muaj trophic ulcers ntawm ob txhais ceg, los ntshav me ntsis. Feem ntau ib qho kev kis kab mob thib ob koom nrog, thrombophlebitis tshwm sim.
Examination
Koj yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob tam sim ntawd thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities tshwm sim. Kev kho mob nyob ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob, thiab qhov no yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom tiav. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum qhia kom meej tag nrho cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob uas cuam tshuam nws, thiab ntev npaum li cas lawv sawv. Tus kws kho mob pom lub ntsej muag tshuaj xyuas ob txhais ceg thiab, raws li qhov no, ua qhov kev kuaj mob (rau cov kab mob zoo li no, kev txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob thiab kev kuaj pom pom tau txaus hauv yuav luag txhua kis).
Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob ntxiv:
- kuaj ntshav dav dav (ua tib zoo saib rau qib ntawm leukocytes, uas qhia tias muaj cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv tus neeg mob lub cev);
- Ultrasound ntawm cov leeg ntawm sab qis;
- ultrasound duplex scanning.
Kev kho mob
mob venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities, kev kho mob uas peb yuav xav txog nyob rau hauv kom meej, tshwm sim feem ntau.
Kev kho mob tseem ceeb:
- tshuaj kho (siv sab hauv thiab sab nraud);
- kev kho mob;
- phais;
- txoj kev ua neeg.
Kev kho mob ntawm venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm lub siab ntawm cov leeg thiab neutralizingLwm yam uas ua rau endothelial puas.
Tshuaj Kho Mob
Feem ntau cov tib neeg tsis meej pem cov tsos mob thawj zaug ntawm venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities nrog rau lwm yam kab mob. Kev kho mob tsis pib raws sij hawm, tab sis nws yuav tsawg heev. Yog li no, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau kho mob hnyav dua rau tus kab mob.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho tshuaj:
- txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory;
- txhim kho cov ntshav ncig hauv qis qis;
- txhawb nqa cov qog ntshav tawm (qhov tseem ceeb ua rau ceg o);
- ua kom cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, txhim kho lawv elasticity;
- trophic ulcers yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj kho hauv zos, kev npaj rau kev siv sab nraud (cov tshuaj pleev, tshuaj pleev);
- nyob rau hauv qhov muaj tus kab mob thib ob, siv tshuaj tua kab mob lossis tshuaj tua kab mob (nyob ntawm tus kab mob ua rau tus kab mob);
- theem kawg ntawm tus kab mob yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulants thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (kom tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws);
- thrombosis uas tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, thrombolytics yog siv thawj zaug ntawm qhov pib ntawm qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai.
Kev kho mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha tsis txaus ntawm cov qis qis yuav tsum muaj lub tswv yim tshwj xeeb:
- Thaum thawj theem, nws yuav tsum tau siv cov kev ntsuas los tshem tawm qhov mob thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob thib ob.
- nyob rau theem ob, ua haujlwm ntawm kev kho yog kom rov qab muaj cov ntshav ncig nyob rau hauv qis kawg.
- theem peb yog kev kho mob. Tab sis nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas khotig mus ua tsis muaj hwj chim, yuav tsum tig mus rau txoj kev loj dua.
Thaum ib tug neeg paub tias nws muaj venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities, kev kho mob (tshuaj) yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kws kho mob. Cov tshuaj nrov tshaj plaws rau tus kab mob no yog:
- "Phlebofa".
- Proctowen.
- Lyoton
- Fleboksar.
Txwv tsis pub, cov teeb meem txaus ntshai yuav tshwm sim. Qee lub sij hawm nws xaus rau hauv kev tuag.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus dav dav, nws yog qhov tseeb tias qhov ua rau venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities. Cov tsos mob, kev kho mob (cov duab pom tseeb tias tus kab mob no hnyav npaum li cas) kuj suav nrog peb. Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob uas suav nrog kev kho compression yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis saib xyuas.
Txoj kev no tsuas yog siv rau thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob varicose leeg hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Compression stockings tuaj yeem siv tau:
- stockings;
- thom khwm (tsim dua rau txiv neej).
Lub tsho no yog tsim los tswj kev siab zoo ntawm ob txhais ceg. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo kom lub siab sib npaug sib npaug thoob plaws lub limb.
Surgery
Txoj kev kho no yog siv rau qhov mob hnyav thaum kho tshuaj tsis tau pab. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm yogtshem tawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov leeg. Cov txheej txheem nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav.
Main method:
- Sclerotherapy. Cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb yog txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, vim tias cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas lawm (qhov no ua rau muaj kev loj hlob zuj zus).
- Linton txoj haujlwm. Txoj kev no yog deprecated. Nws yog nyob ntawm qhov kev txiav thiab ligation ntawm cov leeg. Cov kws tshaj lij niaj hnub tsis siv cov haujlwm no.
- Ligature method. Nrog kev pab los ntawm punctures tshwj xeeb, cov hlab ntsha yog khi rau hauv qab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab cov pob caus tseem nyob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov ntshav ncig los ntawm xws li cov hlab ntsha nres. Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum tus kab mob rov zoo tom qab tus txheej txheem.
- Endovasal coagulation (kwv yees rau thaj chaw cuam tshuam ntawm cov leeg).
- Miniphlebectomy. Kev tshem tawm cov leeg los ntawm qhov taw tes punctures.
Txoj kev ua neeg
Tam sim no peb paub dab tsi venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities yog (cov tsos mob). Tshuaj ntsuab kho mob tau ntev lawm ib txoj kev paub zoo siv los tshem tawm tus kab mob no. Tab sis koj tsis tuaj yeem xaiv cov zaub mov txawv ntawm cov tshuaj ib txwm muaj thiab siv tsis tau. Kev sab laj ua ntej ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom yog xav tau.
Cov tshuaj uas nrov tshaj plaws thiab ua tau zoo:
- txiv pos nphuab;
- qej thiab hop tincture;
- compresses with zib mu;
- hirudotherapy (siv cov kab mob leeches rau kev kho mob).
Kev nyuaj siab
Dab tsi tuaj yeem venous insufficiency ntawm qis extremities txhais tau tias rau ib tug neeg?Kev kho mob, tshuaj, kev kho compression - qhov no yog ib txheej ntawm kev ntsuas uas tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Tab sis yog hais tias ib tug neeg tsis tig mus rau ib tug kws kho mob raws sij hawm, los yog tsis ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo kho mob, ces qhov no yog fraught nrog txaus ntshai txim. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov kab mob trophic tshwm sim, tom qab ntawd cov ntshav txhaws tsim. Yog li ntawd, cov kev hloov no ua rau thromboembolism.
muaj teeb meem tshwm sim:
- ntxhiab limb edema;
- leeg thrombosis;
- daim tawv nqaij xiav;
- mob hnyav.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Peb tau tshuaj xyuas lub tswv yim ntawm "varicose insufficiency ntawm qis extremities" (cov tsos mob, kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob). Raws li kev tiv thaiv, nws txhais tau tias ua raws li ntau txoj cai:
- nce kev ua lub cev;
- tsis kam mus da dej, saunas;
- kev noj haus:
- zam cov khoom noj rog, haus luam yeeb thiab ntsim;
- suav nrog hauv kev noj zaub mov ntau dua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub;
- tsis kam haus cawv, haus luam yeeb;
- zam dhau cua sov hauv lub hnub;
- no siab heels.
