Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav xav txog cov tshuaj zoo rau kev mob ntsws asthma.
Qhov no pathology yog mob ntev. Nws txoj kev loj hlob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam, ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Cov neeg uas kuaj pom tus kab mob no yuav tsum tau txais kev kho mob dav dav. Xws li kev kho mob tso cai rau koj tshem tawm cov tsos mob pathological uas nrog mob hawb pob. Txhua yam tshuaj rau tus kab mob no yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb nkaus xwb tom qab kuaj pom zoo, nrog rau tsim kom muaj qhov tseeb ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob.
Txhua tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv bronchial hawb pob tau tshaj tawm cov tshuaj tiam tshiab. Cov tshuaj zoo li no tsis muaj kev phiv loj heev, tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab zam tau los ntawm cov neeg mob. Rau txhua tus neeg, tus tsis haum tshuaj xaiv ib tus neeg txoj kev kho mob, uas suav nrog tsis yog noj tshuaj xwbmob hawb pob, tab sis kuj siv cov tshuaj npaj rau kev siv sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov ncauj thiab qhov nqus pa yog suav tias yog cov tseem ceeb, uas yuav pab tshem tawm qhov kev tawm tsam sai sai thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua tsis taus pa hauv tus neeg mob. Cov kws kho mob feem ntau ua raws li cov lus qhia hauv qab no thaum kho mob hawb pob nrog tshuaj:
- tshem tawm sai ntawm cov tsos mob uas nrog rau tus mob pathological ntawm tus neeg mob;
- kev tiv thaiv qaug dab peg;
- pab tus neeg mob kom ruaj khov ua pa ua pa;
- ua raws sijhawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev rov qab los;
- txo qis cov tshuaj uas tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau noj txhawm rau txhim kho lawv tus mob.
Cia peb xav txog tshuaj kho mob hawb pob kom meej ntxiv.
Tshuaj Kho Mob Asthma tseem ceeb
Cov tshuaj no yog siv los ntawm cov neeg mob txhua hnub los txo cov tsos mob uas ua rau cov txheej txheem pathological, thiab tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam tshiab. Ua tsaug rau txoj kev kho mob yooj yim, tib neeg tau txais kev pab zoo heev.
Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov mob, o thiab lwm yam kev tsis haum tshuaj muaj xws li:
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- nqus pa;
- Ybronchodilators;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- corticosteroids;
- ua haujlwm ntev theophyllines;
- cromons.
Yog li, dab tsi hauv daim ntawv teev tshuaj kho mob hawb pob?
YAnticholinergics
Cov tshuaj no muaj ntau yam kev mob tshwm sim, yog li lawv siv feem ntau los daws qhov mob hawb pob. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo tias cov neeg mob thaum lub sijhawm exacerbation siv cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- "Ammonium" Quaternary, tsis yog adsorbable.
- "Atropine sulfate".
Anticholinergics yog hu ua cov tshuaj zoo uas thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cholinergic receptors thiab acetylcholine. Qhov tom kawg ua rau muaj ntau yam kev tshwm sim hauv lub cev: nthuav cov hlab ntsha, ua kom lub plawv dhia qeeb, txo qis hauv lub siab, nce cov qog, ua kom cov leeg nqaij bronchial contraction.
tshuaj hormonal zoo
Feem ntau sau tshuaj rau bronchial hawb pob, uas muaj cov tshuaj hormonal. Cov no suav nrog:
- Bekotid;
- Berotek;
- "Ingakort";
- "Salbutamol";
- Aldecin;
- "Intal";
- "Tayled";
- "Pulmicort";
- "Beklazon";
- Budesonide.
Cromones qeb
Cov tshuaj no yog muab rau cov neeg mob uas mob o thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm bronchial hawb pob. Cov khoom xyaw nquag tam sim no nyob rau hauv kev npaj tuaj yeem inhibit qhov tsim ntawm mast hlwb, uas txo cov lumen ntawm bronchi thiabprovoke kev loj hlob ntawm o. Cov tshuaj no tsis yog siv los txo cov mob hawb pob, thiab tsis siv thaum yau (qis dua 6 xyoos).
tshuaj hnoos rau bronchial hawb pob los ntawm cromones qeb:
- Undocromil;
- "Intal";
- "Ketoprofen";
- "Kromglikat";
- "Ketotifen";
- "Tayled";
- YCromoline;
- Kromgeksal.
tshuaj tsis yog tshuaj hormonal
Thaum ua ke kev kho mob bronchial hawb pob, cov kws kho mob tau sau qee yam tshuaj uas tsis yog tshuaj hormonal, uas suav nrog:
- Foradil;
- "Formoterol";
- "Salmeter";
- Oxys;
- "Singular";
- Serevent.
Antieukotriene pawg
Cov tshuaj no yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem inflammatory nrog los ntawm bronchospasm. Qhov no pathological tshwm sim feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv bronchial hawb pob. Cov mob no ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau tus neeg mob lub neej. Yog li ntawd, qhov spasm yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm sai sai, thiab qhov no yog ua tiav nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- "Formoterol";
- Zafirlukast;
- "Salmeterol";
- Montelukast.
Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem siv los kho tus mob hawb pob hauv tus menyuam.
Yuav ua li cas lwm yam tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev mob hawb pob?
pab pawg ntawm cov kab mob glucocorticoids
Nyob rau hauv kev ua kom tiavKev kho mob bronchial hawb pob, cov tshuaj no tau muab rau cov neeg mob tsis tshua muaj, vim lawv muaj ntau yam kev phiv. Txhua yam tshuaj los ntawm pawg kws tshuaj no muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov ntsiab lus nquag muaj nyob rau hauv lawv inhibit cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hnoos qeev, txo qis rhiab heev rau kev ua xua. Cov tshuaj hauv qab no suav nrog hauv pawg no:
- Metipred;
- "Dexamethasone";
- Celeston;
- "Prednisolone";
- "Pulmicort";
- "Beklazon";
- Budesonide;
- Aldecin.
Beta-2-agonists
Cov tshuaj uas muaj nyob rau hauv pawg no yog muab los ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, raws li txoj cai, txhawm rau tshem tawm kev mob hawb pob, piv txwv li, ua pa nyuaj. Lawv muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov mob thiab spasms hauv bronchi.
Cov tshuaj hauv qab no tau pom zoo rau cov neeg mob:
- "Symbicort";
- Foradil;
- "Salmeterol";
- Ventolin;
- "Formoterol";
- "Salbutamol";
- Seretide.
Tshuaj-aerosols rau bronchial hawb pob raug muag hauv khw muag tshuaj.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj qhov exacerbation ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological, ces nws cov kab mob bronchial pib sau nrog cov tuab tuab uas cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem ua pa. Hauv qhov no, cov kws tshaj lij tau xaivtshuaj uas sai thiab zoo tshem cov hnoos qeev. Cov tshuaj no suav nrog:
- "Bromhexine";
- "Mukodyn";
- "Acetylcysteine";
- "Solvil";
- Bizolvon;
- Ambroxol;
- "Lazolvan".
tshuaj nqus pa
Thaum kho mob hawb pob bronchial, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb feem ntau siv uas tsim los rau kev nqus pa. Cov no suav nrog:
- Inhalers yog cov khoom siv sib txuas uas yuav luag txhua tus mob hawb pob muaj nrog lawv, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem siv los daws qhov kev tawm tsam sai. Ua ntej siv nws, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tig cov tshuaj, ntxig rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab nias lub valve tshwj xeeb uas muab cov tshuaj. Thaum cov tshuaj nkag mus rau hauv txoj hlab pa, qhov mob hawb pob raug tshem tawm.
- Spacer. Xws li cov cuab yeej kho mob yog lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub zais pa nrog cov tshuaj aerosol. Tus neeg mob txhaj cov tshuaj mus rau hauv lub spacer thiab ua pa tob. Yog tias tsim nyog, nws raug tso cai tso daim npog ntsej muag rau ntawm lub koob yees duab, los ntawm qhov uas tus menyuam lossis cov neeg laus tuaj yeem nqus tau cov tshuaj rau kev mob ntsws asthma.
tshuaj nqus pa
Tam sim no, kev kho mob hawb pob los ntawm kev nqus pa yog txoj kev kho zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias tam sim ntawd tom qab inhalation, tag nrho cov tshuaj nkag musncaj qha mus rau hauv txoj kev ua pa, ua rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab ceev tshaj kho nyhuv.
Rau cov neeg mob hawb pob, nws yog qhov ceev ntawm kev pab thawj zaug uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, vim tias nws tsis muaj, cov kab mob pathological rau lawv tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Ntau tus kws kho mob tau sau ntawv ua pa rau cov neeg mob, hauv kev siv cov tshuaj los ntawm qeb ntawm glucocorticosteroids yuav tsum koom nrog. Qhov kev xaiv no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm cov kab mob ua pa. Cov tshuaj uas pom zoo tshaj plaws yog:
- Beclomed;
- "Ingakort";
- "Benacort";
- "Beclomethasone";
- YFluticasone;
- Bekotid;
- Flixoid.
Cov npe tshuaj rau kev mob hawb pob bronchial los ntawm pawg kws tshuaj no tau ua haujlwm los ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev mob hawb pob. Vim lub fact tias cov tshuaj no yog muab rau tus neeg mob lub cev nyob rau hauv inhalation daim ntawv, dosed, muaj peev xwm ntawm overdose yog tsis xam. Yog li, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob hawb pob bronchial uas muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos tuaj yeem raug kho. Thaum kho cov neeg mob pawg no, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum ua tib zoo txiav txim siab txog cov tshuaj thiab saib xyuas cov kev kho mob. Cov menyuam yaus, raws li txoj cai, tau muab cov tshuaj tib yam li cov neeg laus. Lawv tau ntsib nrog tib txoj haujlwm - txhawm rau tshem tawm cov cim qhia ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory thiabCov tsos mob hawb pob.
mob hawb pob yog ib yam mob uas kho tsis tau, txawm li cas los xij, dhau los ntawm kev xaiv kev kho mob zoo, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem txo lawv tus mob thiab hloov tus kab mob mus rau theem ntawm kev kho kom ruaj khov.
Yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj rau bronchial hawb pob yog qhov zoo dua xaiv, tus kws kho mob yuav qhia.
daim ntawv teev cov txiaj ntsig kho mob
Raws li kev txheeb cais, bronchial hawb pob yog tam sim no, yam tsis muaj exaggeration, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub no, txij li qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus mob no ntawm cov menyuam yaus tsis ntev los no tau nce ntau.
Raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kho mob hauv Lavxias Federation, 5-15% ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov menyuam yaus raug mob los ntawm tus kabmob no. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj qhov nruab nrab qhov kev tso cai. Cov zaus ntawm cov mob hnyav ntawm tus kab mob kuj tau nce ntxiv, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev rov qab mus ntev. Nco qab tias txhua tus neeg mob uas tau sau npe hauv tsev kho mob tau muab cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau kev mob ntsws asthma dawb xwb.
Nyob rau hauv Russia, niaj hnub no txoj cai rau kev xaiv cov tshuaj rau cov neeg mob uas muaj mob hawb pob bronchial hawb pob tau raug sau tseg nyob rau hauv tsab cai lij choj ntawm tsoom fwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation lub Xya hli ntuj 30, 1994. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev saws me nyuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev cai no, ob tus neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus tuaj yeem tau txais cov tshuaj yooj yim dawb. Daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj pub dawb rau kev mob ntsws asthma hnub no muaj cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- Ambroxol;
- "Aminophylline";
- "Acetylcysteine";
- "Beclomethasone";
- "Bromhexine";
- Formoterol thiab Budesonide (ob leeg ua ke thiab sib cais);
- "Dornase alpha";
- YCromoglycic acid;
- "Fenoterol" thiab "Ipratropium bromide" (ob leeg ua ke thiab sib cais);
- "Salmeterol" (raws li ib yam tshuaj, thiab ua ke nrog cov tshuaj "Fluticasone");
- "Nafazoline";
- "Tiotropium bromide";
- "Salbutamol";
- YTheophylline.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov no tsis yog tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj tau dawb. Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj no rau kev mob ntsws asthma hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj ua tsaug rau cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb ntawm tib neeg thiab thaj chaw, nrog rau cov xwm txheej uas cov tshuaj no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev (qhov kev txiav txim siab yog ua los ntawm kev kho mob. council)..
Ambroxol
Cov tshuaj no muaj cov nyhuv mucolytic expectorant. Feem ntau nws yog muab rau cov neeg mob uas tau qhia pom muaj pathologies ntawm lub bronchopulmonary system nrog hnoos qeev nyuaj rau cais. Cov tshuaj muaj ntau hom kev tso tawm nrog qee qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev siv.
Ambroxol ntsiav tshuaj muaj 30 mg ntawm cov tshuaj nquag. Raws li cov lus qhia, kev noj cov tshuaj no yog tsim nyog rau kev kho mob ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv lub ntsws, mob hawb pob, bronchitis, tiv thaiv cov hnoos qeev los ntawm lub ntsws. Cov chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob yog 1-2 lub lis piam, tab sis tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv raws likev txiav txim siab ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom. Txoj kev siv yog raws li nram no: koj yuav tsum haus dej tom qab noj mov, koj yuav tsum haus dej; thawj 3 hnub, ib ntsiav tshuaj peb zaug ib hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd ob zaug.
mob hawb pob yog kuaj tau los ntawm tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws kho mob dav dav (hauv cov menyuam yaus, thawj qhov kev kuaj mob yog tsim los ntawm kws kho menyuam yaus). Tom qab ntawd, tus neeg mob raug xa mus rau kev sab laj nrog kws kho mob pulmonologist. Nws yog tus kws kho mob nqaim no uas tsis lees paub lossis lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob tsim. Nws yuav tsum tau muab cov lus xaus qhia txog cov kab mob pathology thiab cov lus pom zoo rau nws txoj kev kho mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb no tau xa mus rau cov tshuaj pab nyiaj.
Peb saib cov tshuaj twg zoo tshaj plaws rau kev mob ntsws asthma.
