Ntau zaus tom qab mus ntsib kws kho mob, cov neeg mob hnov qhov kev kuaj mob - sab laug sab laug sab hauv qab mob ntsws. Tus kab mob no muaj ntau heev thiab, nrog rau kev kho kom raug, tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim txaus ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom kuaj xyuas nws raws sij hawm thiab kos cov kev kho mob kom raug. Yog li dab tsi ua rau mob ntsws? Tus neeg mob yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov tsos mob dab tsi? Puas muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob?
kev txom nyem yog dab tsi?
pib nrog, nws tsim nyog nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "sab laug sab laug sab laug lobe pneumonia". Raws li koj paub, sab laug ntsws muaj ob lub lobes, thiab sab xis - ntawm peb. Thiab txhua lub ntsws muab faib ua kaum ntu.
Pneumonia yog ib yam kab mob nrog rau lub ntsws o. Cov txheej txheem inflammatory tuaj yeem yog unilateral (sab laug lossis sab xis) lossis ob sab. ATNyob ntawm qhov chaw, mob ntsws tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho (tag nrho lub ntsws raug cuam tshuam), focal (tsuas yog ib qho lossis ob peb lub foci me me ntawm qhov mob), lobar (ib qho lobe ntawm lub ntsws cuam tshuam) thiab segmental (cov txheej txheem inflammatory yog txwv. rau ib qho lossis qee ntu). Qee lub sij hawm koj tuaj yeem hnov lub sij hawm "extrapulmonary sab laug-sab laug sab hauv qab lobe pneumonia" - raws li txoj cai, qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub hauv paus ntawm tus kab mob yog nyob rau hauv lwm yam kabmob, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub pleural kab noj hniav.
Nws tsim nyog hais tias kev tuag ntawm cov neeg mob yog li 5%. Qhov tseeb yog tias sab laug sab qis qis / focal pneumonia nyob rau theem pib tuaj yeem muab zais - cov neeg mob nrhiav kev pab lig. Thiab tseem muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory mus rau lub plawv.
Nws tsim nyog hais tias qhov mob tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav. Muaj lwm txoj kev faib tawm - muaj kev tawm hauv tsev kho mob sab laug sab laug sab hauv qab lub ntsws (tus neeg mob kis tau los ntawm cov dej ntws tawm sab nraud ntawm lub tsev kho mob) thiab nosocomial, lossis nosocomial o, uas tus neeg mob tsim tus kab mob thaum lub sijhawm. nws nyob hauv tsev kho mob.
Qhov tseem ceeb ua rau mob ntsws
Cov txheej txheem inflammatory tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Cov kab mob, kab mob, fungi tuaj yeem ua cov kab mob. Lawv tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud, vim tias kis tau los ntawm cov tee dej.
Tau kawg, tsis yog ib txwmkev nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob mus rau hauv lub pa system ua rau o. Cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai suav nrog kev haus luam yeeb, lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab tus neeg mob tus mob ntev, txhua yam no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntsws. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws nrog rau cov ntshav ntws los ntawm lwm qhov kev mob hauv lub cev.
Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm: sab laug hauv qab lobe pneumonia thiab nws cov tsos mob
Thaum pib, daim ntawv ntawm qhov mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom tseeb. Cov neeg mob tsuas nco txog qhov tsis muaj zog thiab qaug zog, tsaug zog, tsis ua haujlwm. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, qhov xwm txheej yuav tshwm sim. Muaj hnoos. Qee zaum nws qhuav, tab sis feem ntau nrog cov hnoos qeev. Raws li tus kab mob no zuj zus, cov hnoos qeev ua rau muaj mob, qee zaum muaj ntshav.
Cov neeg mob yws ntawm qhov mob hauv siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau sab laug (hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub plawv). Qhov mob hnyav yog hnoos thiab ua pa tob. Vim tsis muaj oxygen, cov neeg mob feem ntau muaj daim di ncauj xiav thiab dav pallor.
Qhov kub nce tas li, feem ntau nce mus txog 40 degrees. Cov neeg mob kuj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev qaug dab peg, nrog rau mob lub cev, ua daus no hnyav, xeev siab thiab tsis qab los noj mov, ntuav, mob taub hau hnyav, thiab feem ntau txawm tias tsis nco qab. Tau kawg, txhua tus neeg mob muaj cov tsos mob sib txawv, thiab sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav. Feem ntau, cov tsos mob ntawm sab laug sab hauv qab lobe pneumonia tsis meej pem nrog cov pharyngitis lossis mob khaub thuas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yogthaum me nyuam yaus. Qhov no yog qhov phom sij ntawm mob ntsws.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsos mob nyob ntawm tus kab mob
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, sab laug sab hauv qab lobe mob ntsws tuaj yeem tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob lossis kab mob. Cov tsos mob saum toj no muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua hom mob ntsws, tab sis txhua tus kab mob muaj qee tus yam ntxwv.
Piv txwv li, kab mob ntsws ntsws muaj nrog hnoos qhuav thiab ua tsis taus pa tas li. Cov neeg mob yws yws ntawm kev qaug zog sai, ua npaws thiab qaug zog heev hauv cov leeg. Tab sis nrog rau cov kab mob daim ntawv, lub cev kub tsis yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias lub tshav kub, ntawm chav kawm, yog tam sim no. Ib tug neeg yuav pom muaj hnoos ntub, nrog rau cov hnoos qeev ntau lawm.
Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob niaj hnub
Kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab raws sijhawm yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob, vim hais tias, txawm tias muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog, mob ntsws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus:
- Tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau pub ntshav rau kev tshuaj xyuas - thaum lub sijhawm kawm, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov nce ntawm erythrocyte sedimentation tus nqi, nrog rau kev nce ntawm cov leukocytes, uas qhia tau tias muaj cov txheej txheem inflammatory.
- Kev tshuaj ntsuam biochemical ntawm cov ntshav kuaj tau ua tiav, nrog rau kev kuaj hnoos qeev txhawm rau kuaj pom tus kab mob.
- Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob thiab X-ray hauv siabhlwb, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas foci ntawm o.
- Qee zaum, fiberoptic bronchoscopy tau ua, uas tso cai rau koj los tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob lub bronchi ntawm sab hauv.
Sab laug-sab qis lobe pneumonia: kho nrog tshuaj
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tam sim ntawd tias nws yog qhov txaus ntshai rau kev kho tus kheej hauv qhov xwm txheej no. Tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem tsim txoj kev kho mob zoo. Yog tias xav tias muaj kab mob ntsws, tus neeg mob tau pib muab tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav, xws li fluoroquinolones thiab thib peb-lossis plaub-tiam cephalosporins.
Lub sijhawm no, kev sim tshwj xeeb tau ua tiav, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txiav txim siab tus kab mob kom raug. Yog tias mob ntsws tau tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm Legionella, pneumococcus, chlamydia, Haemophilus influenzae thiab mycoplasmas, tus kws kho mob yuav sau cov tshuaj nqaim-spectrum antibacterial zoo dua. Tab sis nws yuav siv sij hawm tsawg kawg 3-4 hnub rau kev kuaj, thiab nrog mob ntsws, koj yuav tsum tau ua sai sai.
Rau tus kab mob ntsws, cov kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb, Zanamivir, Remantadine, Acyclovir. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov tshuaj tsuas yog siv tau yog tias noj hauv thawj 48 teev tom qab kis kab mob. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, tus neeg mob tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob thiab kho cov tsos mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau kev puas tsuaj yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis lawv tseem raug tshuaj los tiv thaiv cov kab mob thib ob.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory tshuaj yog siv los ua adjuvants, uaspab tshem tawm kub taub hau thiab mob. Kev kho mob kav li 2-4 lub lis piam, nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav.
kev saib xyuas tus neeg mob kom raug
Pneumonia yog ib yam kab mob loj uas tus neeg mob xav tau kev saib xyuas kom zoo. Cov neeg mob tau pom lub txaj so, qhov tsawg kawg ntawm kev ua lub cev thiab tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau tus neeg nyob hauv chav tsev uas muaj qhov cua zoo, qhov chaw ntub dej yog nqa tawm tsis tu ncua. Yog tias kev kho mob nyob hauv tsev, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau muab cov tais diav cais los tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob.
Haus dej sov ntau thaum muaj mob yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, vim nws pab txhawm rau tshem tawm cov co toxins hauv lub cev thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev qhuav dej. Noj cov neeg mob xav tau lub teeb, tab sis cov zaub mov muaj calorie ntau.
Thaum twg tus neeg mob xav tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob?
Ntau zaus, sab laug sab laug sab hauv qab mob ntsws yog kho raws li tus neeg mob sab nraud, hauv tsev. Thaum twg thiaj li tsim nyog kho mob hauv tsev kho mob?
- Txhua tus menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua peb xyoos yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob.
- Tus neeg mob yuav tsum raug xa mus rau tsev kho mob yog tias ua tsis taus pa hnyav, ua npaws (nce txog 39.9 degrees) lossis, qhov sib txawv, qhov kub thiab txias mus txog 35.5.
- Yog tias thaum lub sijhawm kuaj pom muaj qhov txo qis hauv hemoglobin, nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm urea thiab creatinine, kev kho mob yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv tsev kho mob.
- Qhia rau kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob yog qhov tsis nco qab, txo qis hauv cov hlab ntshasiab.
- Yog tias muaj teeb meem (xws li pleurisy, myocarditis, mob caj dab) tshwm sim, tus neeg mob yuav tsum raug coj mus rau tsev kho mob tam sim.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Mob sab laug sab laug sab hauv qab lobe yog kab mob txaus ntshai uas, yog tias tsis kho, ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai, suav nrog kev mob ntsws ntsws, poob siab, sepsis, meningitis thiab pericarditis, thiab mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm.
Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws. Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv nkaus xwb yog kev noj qab haus huv. Kev noj zaub mov kom zoo, maj mam ua kom lub cev tawv, taug kev hauv huab cua ntshiab, txiav luam yeeb thiab haus cawv, ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua - tag nrho cov no ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev, ua rau nws tiv taus cov kab mob pathogenic.
Txhua tus kab mob sib kis thiab mob yuav tsum tau teb rau kev kho kom txaus, thiab kev kho mob yuav tsum kav mus txog thaum rov ua tiav. Txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj vitamin kho ob zaug hauv ib xyoos. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, thaum thawj qhov kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, vim tias koj tuaj yeem muaj cov neeg zej zog tau txais sab laug sab laug hauv qab lobe pneumonia.
