Qhov sib npaug ntawm microbes hauv plab hnyuv yog tus yuam sij rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Feem ntau ntawm cov microflora ntawm lub cev yog bifidobacteria. Txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm lawv hauv cov hnyuv? Qhov no tsis yog tuag rau lub sijhawm luv, tab sis cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv yuav nce ntxiv. Yog tias koj tsis quav ntsej cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv, ces qhov chaw tsis zoo yog tsim rau bifidobacteria hauv txoj hnyuv. Lawv tus lej poob qis. Qhov chaw khoob yog nyob los ntawm lwm hom, thiab feem ntau lawv tsis sib haum xeeb nrog cov kab mob.
cov kab mob zoo
Cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv plab hnyuv nrog dej thiab zaub mov. Tag nrho cov microflora tam sim no nyob rau hauv tib neeg txoj hnyuv tau muab faib ua ob pawg. Thawj suav nrog microbes uas muab cov txheej txheem metabolic. Ntawd yog, lawv yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho nyiaj. Cov kab mob no hu ua obligate: bifido- thiab lactobacilli, Escherichia coli. Qhov no kuj suav nrog cov kab mob microorganismsuas tsis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tseem ceeb (bacteroids, enterococci), tab sis lawv lub xub ntiag tsis ua mob rau tib neeg.
Vim li cas qhov txo qis ntawm bifidobacteria txaus ntshai rau lub cev? Ntawm tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv, obligate microflora yuav tsum suav txog 95-97%. Yog tias qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam pom tau tias tus naj npawb ntawm bifidobacteria txo qis, qhov no txhais tau hais tias lwm hom tau coj lawv qhov chaw. Thiab yog tias qhov no tsis yog E. coli lossis lwm hom kev phooj ywg lossis nruab nrab, ces yuav tsum muaj teeb meem. cem quav, raws plab, ua xua, txo lub cev tiv thaiv - qhov no tsis yog ib daim ntawv teev tag nrho cov teeb meem tshwm sim.
Lwm pab pawg yog facultative hom kab mob. Lawv muab faib ua ob pawg nyob ntawm qhov "kev puas tsuaj". Cov ntaub ntawv pathogenic tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij los ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob. Cov kab mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog dysentery thiab typhoid (Salmonella thiab Shigella).
Cov kab mob kis tau zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub cev thaum muaj qee yam uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntau dhau lossis cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub cev. Ntawm cov nroj tsuag, Klebsiella thiab Clostridia yog qhov txawv, uas tej zaum yuav tsis muaj teeb meem me me, thiab cov uas yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob hauv lub cev (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov menyuam yaus) (staphylococci, Candida fungi, Proteus).
Txawm hais tias tib neeg lub cev thiab cov kab mob microbes nyob hauv kev sib koom ua ke, uas yog, lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig sib luag, xws li "cov phooj ywg nyob ib puag ncig" tsuas yog ua tau yog tias muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiabxaiv daim ntawv ntawm microflora. Ib qho kev tsis txaus ntseeg, thaum cov kab mob bifidobacteria txo qis, feem ntau ua rau mob plab. Yog tias qhov teeb meem daws tsis tau, kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab yog ua tau.
YBifidobacteria
Cov kab mob no tau raug cais tawm thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1899. Txog niaj hnub no, ntau tshaj 30 hom kab mob bifidobacteria paub. Cov Gram-zoo, nkhaus, qws-zoo li microbes muaj txog li 5 microns loj thiab colonize cov hnyuv loj. Nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm txoj hnyuv, lawv ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm daim thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kev sib cuag nrog cov kab mob microflora. Tag nrho cov kab mob no ib txwm muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 108 – 1011 rau 1 g ntawm quav.
Y Ua tus tseem ceeb microflora hauv tus neeg noj qab haus huv, lawv muab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov protein thiab rog metabolism, koom nrog kev tswj hwm cov zaub mov metabolism, kev sib txuas ntawm B thiab K cov vitamins.
Ntxiv rau lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, cov kab mob no muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob pathogenic, tsim cov organic acids tshwj xeeb nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Kev txo qis ntawm cov kab mob bifidobacteria tuaj yeem ua rau enzymatic, metabolic thiab antitoxic tsis ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm colonization thiab tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov kab mob microflora. Bifidobacteria txhim kho cov zaub mov fermentation los ntawm kev txhim kho cov protein hydrolysis, koom nrog hauv saponification ntawm cov rog, fermentation ntawm carbohydrates, thiab kev nqus ntawm fiber. Lawv qhov txiaj ntsig yog nyob rau hauv ib txwm plab hnyuv peristalsis, thiab qhov no yog kev khiav tawm raws sijhawm thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom digestive.
Analysis
Txo cov ntsiab lusbifidobacteria nyob rau hauv quav feem ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm plab hnyuv microflora nrog xav tias dysbacteriosis. Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no tsis yog siv dav hauv kev kho mob niaj hnub vim qhov ntev thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm nws qhov kev siv raws li cov chaw kho mob sab nraud.
Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom ceev ceev cov quav (tsis pub ntau tshaj 3 teev) hauv lub thawv tsis muaj menyuam mus rau chav kuaj. Cov khoom siv biomaterial (10 g) zoo dua yuav tsum tau txias, tab sis tsis khov. Enemas thiab kev npaj nrog barium yuav tsum tsis txhob siv. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum raug tso tseg 12 teev ua ntej sau. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob peb hnub ua ntej kev soj ntsuam, kev siv cov tshuaj laxatives thiab cov tshuaj suppositories raug tso tseg.
Nws feem ntau yuav siv li ib lub lis piam los suav cov kab mob. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub thawv, sown nyob rau hauv ib tug nutrient nruab nrab nyob rau hauv ib tug thermostat, germinate, thiab tus kws tshwj xeeb suav cov kab mob colonies.
Transcript of results
Txiav txim seb tus lej thiab qhov sib piv ntawm cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ua phem. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, daim duab ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic microbes (Salmonella, Shigella) tau sau rau hauv daim ntawv - lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob ua txhua yam. Tom ntej no tuaj txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm bifido-, lactobacilli thiab E. coli, thiab lawv qhov piv ntawm cov lej suav tag nrho.
Nyob ntawm hnub nyoog, poj niam txiv neej thiab ntau yam, tus kws kho mob uas xa mus rau kev tshuaj ntsuam muab kev txhais cov txiaj ntsig. Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb yog bifidobacteria. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kab mob no yog txo nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawmdysbacteriosis (dysbiosis). Kev kuaj mob yog tsim los ntawm kev sib piv ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas nrog qhov tseeb. Yog tias tsim nyog, kev hloov kho yog ua los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob thiab muaj ntau yam predisposing yam.
YLactobacilli
Cov kab mob no yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov kab mob gram-zoo anaerobic plab hnyuv. Ua ke nrog bifidobacteria, lawv ua kom muaj kev zom zaub mov zoo thiab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov loj ntawm microflora ntawm lub cev, lawv suav txog li 5%. Kev nce ntawm cov lactobacilli hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam tsis yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg loj. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim nrog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom qab zib-mis nyuj hauv cov khoom noj. Nws yog qhov phem dua thaum Bifidobacteria thiab Lactobacilli txo qis hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam.
Thaum tsim cov tshuaj uas muaj kab lis kev cai ntawm cov kab mob (probiotics), cov kws tshawb fawb sim ua raws li qhov sib piv. Feem ntau, qhov sib npaug ntawm bifido- thiab lactoflora yuav tsum tsis pub dhau 9: 1. Xws li qhov piv txwv, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, yuav muab cov xwm txheej zoo rau kev txhim kho ntawm ob kab lis kev cai.
Lactobacilli feem ntau tsis qhia cov kab mob, tab sis ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, lawv koom nrog cov txheej txheem metabolic tsim nyog rau lub cev. Lawv tsim cov lactic acid los ntawm lactose thiab lwm yam carbohydrates, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev zom zaub mov thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob microflora. Lawv kuj synthesize kab kawm, koom nyob rau hauv lub decomposition ntawm indigestible nroj tsuag zaub mov. Tsis zoo li bifidobacteria, uas nyob hauv tsuas yog cov hnyuv loj xwb, lactobacilli kuj muaj nyob rau hauv lwm yam.qhov chaw ntawm lub plab zom mov.
Immunity
Lub cev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau nyob ntawm lub xeev ntawm plab hnyuv microflora. Feem ntau ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog concentrated nyob rau ntawd. Genetic predisposition thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tau txais tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis kab mob yav dhau los tsis tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau lub cev. Nws yog lub plab hnyuv microflora uas teeb lub suab rau kev noj qab haus huv. Los ntawm qhov no nws ua raws li cov ntsiab lus txo ntawm bifidobacteria yuav cuam tshuam rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Tus mob no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb nrog kev txo qis ntawm cov nroj tsuag ib txwm muaj. Muaj qhov khoob ntawm sab hauv ntawm txoj hnyuv loj. Qhib kev nkag mus rau nws cov hlwb. Nrog rau yam tsis zoo (kev puas tsuaj, rwj), cov kab mob uas nyob hauv txoj hnyuv tuaj yeem kis tau dhau ntawm nws. Qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem yog nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob rau lwm yam kabmob. Qhov siab tshaj ntawm cov kab mob no - sepsis - ua rau tuag.
Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau nce ntxiv kev lees paub kev sib raug zoo ntawm microflora tsis txaus nrog kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib, ntshav ntshav, atherosclerosis, mob qog noj ntshav thiab rog rog. Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog bifidobacteria. Lawv cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv yog txo - qhov no yog ib tug catalyst. Dysbacteriosis tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob qeeb lossis tsis muaj zog. Thaum tsis muaj kev kho, kab mob hauv qab no tshwm sim. Tawm tsam nws keeb kwm yav dhau, kev kis kab mob thib ob tshwm sim (nruab nrabCov kab mob khaub thuas ntawm tus kab mob no), cov teeb meem pom tshwm sim tshwm sim (kev ua xua, dermatitis), kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob qeeb, poob ntawm cov leeg nqaij thiab lub cev hnyav.
YDysbacteriosis
Cov kab mob no tshwm sim thaum tsis yog tsuas yog cov kab mob bifidobacteria txo qis, tab sis muaj kev nyiam rau cov kab mob microflora kom yeej tshaj qhov qub. Xws li dysbacteriosis hu ua muaj tseeb. Nws tsis tshwm sim tshwm sim.
Thawj theem qhia pom tias muaj cov kab mob dysbiosis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov kab mob ballast nce ntxiv (E. coli nrog tsis muaj zog enzymatic, enterococci). Lawv pib txhim kho vim cov kab lis kev cai tseem ceeb ploj mus. Ntxiv nrog rau kev kis kab mob hauv cov hnyuv, qhov ua rau tuaj yeem yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntau zaus yam tsis muaj kev kho tom qab lossis tsis raug (irrational) khoom noj khoom haus.
Dysbacteriosis hauv cov menyuam mos tuaj yeem ua ntu zus (ntev), thaum vim muaj ntau yam (cov menyuam mos ntxov ntxov, tsis muaj zog ntawm lub cev tom qab yug los nyuaj), ua txhaum ntawm lub voj voog lossis kev loj hlob. Tom qab stabilization ntawm tus mob, raws li txoj cai, thaum kawg ntawm lub lim tiam thib ob, cov nroj tsuag zoo li qub.
Kev kho mob ntawm dysbacteriosis
Thaum ua qhov kev kuaj mob zoo li no, kev kho tus neeg mob yuav tsum muab faib ua ob theem. Txo cov kab mob bifidobacteria tuaj yeem rov qab tau yog tias kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic microflora raug txwv. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau ntau txoj hauv kev: tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob hauv plab thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.bacteriophages muaj peev xwm xaiv absorbing thiab neutralizing pathogenic microbes hauv lawv tus kheej.
Probiotics feem ntau yog siv los ua cov hnyuv nrog bifido- thiab lactobacilli - kev npaj uas muaj kab lis kev cai nyob ntawm cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig. Kev kho mob yuav tsum pib sai li sai tau. Kev ncua sijhawm ntawm kev kho qhov sib npaug ntawm microflora tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev hnyav heev: cem quav, raws plab, anemia, gastritis, mob caj dab, duodenitis, malignant neoplasms ntawm txoj hnyuv.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv koj tus kheej kom ntau li ntau tau, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab, beriberi, cawv, overeating thaum lub cev fermentation ntawm cov khoom tuaj cuam tshuam. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog lub hnub nyoog, raws caij nyoog thiab huab cua yam.
Bifidobacteria tsawg hauv menyuam yaus
Yuav ua li cas yog tias kev tshuaj xyuas cov quav rau dysbacteriosis muab cov txiaj ntsig poob siab? Thawj qhov uas qhia nws tus kheej yog rov xav txog cov khoom noj thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov zaub mov noj. Feem ntau cov teeb meem cuam tshuam txog qhov no. Yog tias muaj cov teeb meem nyuaj - tshuaj tua kab mob, kev kho hluav taws xob, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev mob, kev ntxhov siab, qaug zog - ces txo qis lawv lub zog kom ntau li ntau tau.
Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum qhia bifidobacteria rau hauv lub cev. Txuag mus rau 106 lossis tsawg dua? Qhov no muab cov laj thawj rau ntseeg tias cov kab mob pathogenic microflora tau tswj kom tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm dysbiosis. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam feem ntau qhia tias cov kab mob tsis zoo yuav tsum tau nruab nrab thiab raug tshem tawm ntawm cov hnyuv hauv thawj qhov chaw.
Raws li txoj kev, hom yuav tsum raug khoKhoom noj khoom haus rau menyuam yaus: lub sijhawm noj mov nruj, tsis suav nrog cov khoom noj tsis xav tau (khoom qab zib, cov khoom noj kaus poom, cov khoom ua tiav, cov nqaij haus luam yeeb). Ntau yam khoom ntuj tsim: zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv ntoo, khoom noj siv mis.
Yog tus menyuam muaj bifidobacteria qis
Nyob rau hauv cov menyuam mos, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov hnyuv microflora pib nrog thawj feem ntawm leej niam lub colostrum. Tus menyuam yug tsis muaj menyuam. Hauv chav xa khoom, nws nkag mus rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kab mob txawv teb chaws. Ntau yam nyob ntawm seb tus menyuam tuaj yeem nkag mus rau leej niam lub mis sai npaum li cas. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, qhov no yog feeb (mus txog ib teev). Kev ncua ntev los ntawm ntau yam laj thawj (kev xa khoom nyuaj, ntu caesarean, tsis muaj zog lossis tus menyuam ntxov ntxov) yuav cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Niam mis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm bifidus thiab lactobacilli. Thaum tshem tawm cov kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo, kev pub niam mis yuav sai sai rov qab qhov tsim nyog tshuav. Ib qho ntxiv yog thaum cov kab mob bifidobacteria txo qis hauv tus menyuam, thiab rau ib qho laj thawj lossis lwm qhov nws tsis tuaj yeem noj niam mis.
Vim kev tiv thaiv tsis tau tsim, qhov tshwm sim dysbiosis, tshwm sim thaum xub thawj siab ib muag los ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam (cov hniav, tshuaj tiv thaiv, hypothermia), tuaj yeem ua tsis tau them nyiaj. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tso qhov tsis ua tiav rau txoj hauv kev, koj xav tau kev kho mob dav dav raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam.
Yog tus me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem tau niam mis, qhov kev nyiam yuav tsum tau muab rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tsis yog rau cov hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov kab lis kev cai ntawm cov kab mob zoo. Cov tshuaj no yog enrichedCov yam ntxwv tiv thaiv, lawv suav nrog prebiotics, uas tsim cov xwm txheej rau kev muaj sia nyob zoo ntawm microflora hauv cov hnyuv ntawm cov menyuam mos.
YProbiotics
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsom xam qhia tau hais tias txo cov bifidobacteria, thiab yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj nce lawv cov concentration hauv cov hnyuv, kev npaj nrog cov kab lis kev cai nyob ntawm cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig tau siv. Paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kua concentrates ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv active, thiab qhuav lyophilized los yog khov-dried masses. Thawj zaug pib ua tam sim tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Lwm pab pawg - cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob anabiosis, nkag mus rau hauv lub plab zom mov, qhia kev ua haujlwm tom qab lub sijhawm (lub sijhawm ntawm txoj hnyuv loj dhau).
Kev npaj ntawm cov microflora muaj txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem muaj ib kab lis kev cai (monoprobiotics) lossis ntau hom kab mob sib txawv (sib koom). Synbiotics yog ib pab pawg sib cais - cov kev npaj nyuaj uas muaj cov kab lis kev cai tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv lom neeg lom neeg uas txhawb kev kho cov kab mob hauv lub cev (probiotic + prebiotic).
Txo cov kab mob bifidobacteria tsis yog kab lus. Yam tshuaj twg los yuav, cov niam txiv txiav txim siab tom qab lub tswv yim tawm tswv yim ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Muaj ntau yam xaiv los ntawm: "Linex", "Lactiale", "Bifidumbacterin", "Acilact", "Laktomun" thiab lwm yam tsim nyog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
