Submandibular lymph nodes ua raws li lub ntuj thaiv rau cov kab mob sim nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Hauv lub xeev ib txwm, lawv qhov loj me tsis tshaj 5 hli. Nrog nws nce, muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, feem ntau cov kab mob ENT thiab lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, nrog rau thaj tsam ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam.
Lub tswvyim ntawm cov qog ntshav
Lawv hais txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Lawv pab txhawb rau cov qog ntshav tawm, uas yog cov kua pob tshab, zoo li cov ntshav ntshav hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis tsis muaj nws cov ntsiab lus tsim, tshwj xeeb, platelets thiab erythrocytes. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws muaj ntau cov macrophages thiab lymphocytes uas nqus thiab rhuav tshem cov khoom txawv teb chaws rau tib neeg lub cev. Lawv yog thawj zaug ua rau lub zog ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. Nrog tus kab mob ntawm pharyngitis los yog tonsillitis, cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular pib kom meej meejpalpable.
Kev faib cov qog ntshav qab zib
Cov kab mob lymphatic muaj, ntxiv rau cov qog nqaij hlav, cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha. Nyob ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob, cov qub tau muab faib ua pawg hauv cheeb tsam hauv qab no:
- submandibular;
- chin;
- parotid;
- mastoid;
- occipital.
Ntau tus neeg ntseeg tias yam thawj thiab thib ob yog tib yam. Tab sis qhov tseeb nws tsis yog. Cov tsos mob hauv qab no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav submental:
- lymph outflow yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam qog nqaij hlav tom qab;
- lymph yog sau los ntawm ntau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm daim di ncauj thiab puab tsaig;
- ntaus tsis palpable;
- nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous ntawm lub puab tsaig cheeb tsam;
- muaj peev xwm ntawm 1 txog 8 daim.
Submandibular lymph nodes muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- kua dej kuas kuas ua tau zoo ib yam;
- lymph yog sau los ntawm sab sauv, sab di ncauj, qog qaub ncaug, palatine tonsils, palate, sab plhu, nplaig, qhov ntswg;
- feem ntau pom ntawm palpation;
- nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg submandibular nyob rau hauv daim duab peb sab nyob tom qab lub submandibular salivary caj pas nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej;
- lawv tus lej nyob nruab nrab ntawm 6 txog 8.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov qog ntshav hauv lub cev ua rau nws ua kom huv si tas li.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog ntshav qab zib
Rau txhua qhov tsim, suav nrog cov submandibular, ntau lub luag haujlwm yog tus yam ntxwv. Ntawm lawv yog cov hauv qab no:
- pab txhawb rau kev tso tawm cov metabolites;
- tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev;
- txhawb nqa kev thauj cov electrolytes thiab cov proteins los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig rau hauv cov ntshav;
- rov qab metastases;
- txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm leukocytes;
- muab cov lus teb raws sijhawm rau kev noj tshuaj antigens;
- yog cov lim dej rau lub cev;
- tsim tawm ntawm cov qog ntshav mus rau cov leeg sab hauv los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
Ib txwm lub xeev ntawm submandibular lymph nodes
Nyob rau hauv lub cev ib txwm muaj, ib tug neeg tsis hnov lawv muaj. Lawv tuaj yeem piav qhia hauv txoj haujlwm no los ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- qhov ntsuas kub hauv cheeb tsam sib npaug ntawm lub cev;
- daim tawv nqaij hauv qab lub puab tsaig muaj xim liab liab;
- palpation tsis ua rau tsis xis nyob;
- lawv tsis yog soldered rau cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous;
- muaj qhov qhia meej;
- yog homogeneous nrog elastic thiab mos zoo nkauj;
- painless;
- lawv qhov loj tsis tshaj 5 hli.
Feem ntau muaj qhov xwm txheej thaum cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular nthuav dav. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias muaj pathology nyob rau hauv lub cev. Cov menyuam yaus, vim tias lawv tsis muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov kab mob thaum ntxov, feem ntau nrhiav tsis tau cov qog nqaij hlav. Raws li lawv tau tawm tsam los ntawm ntau yam kab mob, lawv ua ntom. Yog li ntawd, palpation nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kis kab mob yog yooj yim dua piv rau cov neeg uas lub cev muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob.
Ua rau kom loj dua submandibular lymph nodes
Yog lub cevTsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog cov antigens tawm tsam nws ntawm nws tus kheej, tom qab ntawd ntau yam kab mob pib nkag mus rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav, uas ua rau cov txheej txheem inflammatory.
Cov nodes submandibular tau nthuav dav hauv cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- lymphoreticulosis, toxoplasmosis;
- mob caj dab mob caj dab, lupus erythematosus, AIDS, HIV;
- qog, lipomas, atheromas, hniav cysts;
- leukemia, lymphoma, lymphocytic leukemia;
- ib qhov txhab uas muaj kab mob nyob hauv lub puab tsaig;
- qhua dej, kub nyoos, mob qhua pias, qog;
- ntau yam kab mob hniav: mob tom qab tshem tawm cov hniav, o ntawm cov qog qaub ncaug, purulent abscess ntawm cov hniav, caries, alveolitis;
- Ysinusitis, otitis media, laryngitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis.
daim ntawv no tsis tag. Kev mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular tuaj yeem pom rau lwm yam laj thawj. Qee zaum qhov nce tshwm sim yam tsis muaj txheej txheem piav qhia kawg. Hauv qhov no, lawv hais txog tus kab mob hu ua lymphadenopathy.
Hauv qhov no, node:
- tsis soldered nrog fiber ntau;
- yog oversized;
- painless;
- tawv tsis hloov.
Kev mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular, nrog rau lawv qhov nce, hu ua lymphadenitis. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov kab mob toxins. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug dav intoxication ntawm lub cev, uas yog cov nram qab no mob:
- nce hauv lub cev kub;
- liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij hauv thaj tsam pob caus;
- kev sib koom ua ke;
- dense sib xws;
- pain;
- kev sib koom nrog cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze.
Yog li, qhov mob yog ib qho mob thib ob hauv cov qog ntshav qab zib submandibular. Cov laj thawj yuav tsum tau nrhiav rau cov thawj coj txhawm rau txhawm rau nruab nrab lawv, tom qab ntawd qhov nce thiab qhov mob ntawm cov pob hauv cov lus nug yuav dhau los ntawm lawv tus kheej.
Symptoms
Thaum cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular tau mob, cov tsos mob zoo ib yam tau pom raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no: mob ntawm palpation (nrog rau lub pob ntseg tawg), ua npaws, liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tau txais kev sib haum xeeb, nce loj.
Tus kab mob kis thoob plaws lub cev ntau dua, cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntau dua. Muaj o, suppuration ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub puab tsaig qis ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog.
Yog tias cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular raug mob, qhov no qhia tau tias tus kab mob no nce mus. Tus neeg mob feem ntau yog deterioration.
Launched yog theem ntawm suppuration tau sau tseg. Yog tias tsis muaj kev ntsuas ceev thaum lub sijhawm no, kev tawg tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav lom, thiab qhov no, tig mus, ua rau lub cev hnyav, mus txog rau kev tuag.
Diagnosis
Yog tias cov qog ntshav qab zib tau raug mob, tus neeg mob yuav tsum dhau:
- ntshav rau kev txheeb xyuas ntxawslos txiav txim cov txheej txheem o, suav nrog venous los txiav txim cov kab mob sib kis thiab kev sib deev;
- sowing ntawm qhov rhiab ntawm cov kab mob mus rau ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob hauv kev sib cais lossis sib sau cov kua paug hauv cov kabmob hauv cov lus nug;
- CT los txiav txim seb muaj cov qog;
- X-ray txhawm rau txiav txim siab tus neeg mob lub hauv siab;
- biopsy rau kev kuaj mob histological ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.
Kev kho mob
Nws yuav tsum yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, txhawm rau kho tus mob kom pom tseeb. Qee zaum, nws tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv ywj pheej ntawm kev kho mob thiab kev phais mob, nrog rau kev siv tshuaj kho pej xeem.
Yog tias muaj qhov nce hauv cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj tua kab mob. Raws li txoj cai, lawv yog raws li nram no:
- Cefuroxime;
- "Amoxiclav";
- Clindamycin;
- "Cephalexin".
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm caj pas, koj tuaj yeem siv cov dej qab zib ntsev rau kev yaug. Burow cov kua tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj astringent.
Kev phais mob tau ua thaum cov qog nqaij hlav rot. Ib qho kev phais yog ua nyob rau hauv lub capsule uas lub catheter yog ntxig, tom qab ntawd cov kua paug tawm.
Cov tshuaj kho neeg pej xeem thaum muaj kab mob pustular tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb siv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau mus ntsib kws kho mob. Yog tias cov txheej txheem zoo li no tsis tsim,Koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag thaum hmo ntuj nrog kev nce hauv cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular rau lawv, soaked hauv cawv tincture ntawm echinacea. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem noj qhov ncauj. Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov xav tau qhov xav tau hauv 0.5 khob dej, dilute 30 tee ntawm cov tshuaj no, noj cov tshuaj 2-3 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Koj tuaj yeem siv cov qij sov so, kua txiv beetroot, qhiav tshuaj yej, dej haus blueberry.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob tsis suav nrog kev kho tus kheej, siv cov cua sov thiab txias rau cov qog ntshav qog.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov ua rau mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular hauv tus menyuam, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho menyuam yaus. Feem ntau, cov menyuam yaus raug mob khaub thuas. Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj hauv qab no tuaj yeem raug sau:
- interferons;
- immunomodulators;
- nucleic acids ("Derinat"), uas txhawb nqa cov txheej txheem tsim dua tshiab thiab txhawb kev tiv thaiv;
- "Arbidol" los muab cov nyhuv me me.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm qhov ua rau ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav submandibular. Cov kev tiv thaiv hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws li:
- kho raws sijhawm ntawm SARS thiab lwm yam kab mob;
- tiv thaiv hypothermia;
- khaws cov plab hnyuv microflora hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws, uas nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom sib npaug ntawm cov zaub mov suav nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub hauv nws;
- txhawb kev tiv thaiv;
- ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov ncauj, daws cov teeb meem hniav raws sijhawm.
Nyob hauv kaw
Submandibular lymph nodes yog, nrog rau lwm yam kabmob zoo sib xws, thawj tus tiv thaiv ntawm tib neeg lub cev thaum sim nkag mus rau hauv nws cov khoom txawv teb chaws uas tuaj yeem ua mob rau nws. Thaum lawv ua mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau hu rau tus kws kho mob lossis kws kho mob uas tuaj yeem xa tus neeg mob mus rau cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau kho ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov laj thawj uas ua rau cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Tom qab nws tshem tawm, cov qog nqaij hlav submandibular rov qab mus rau qhov qub.
