Infiltration anesthesia: hom, indications thiab daim ntawv thov nta

Cov txheej txheem:

Infiltration anesthesia: hom, indications thiab daim ntawv thov nta
Infiltration anesthesia: hom, indications thiab daim ntawv thov nta

Video: Infiltration anesthesia: hom, indications thiab daim ntawv thov nta

Video: Infiltration anesthesia: hom, indications thiab daim ntawv thov nta
Video: ntshiabsi Hawj, kuv tus txiv yog khws kho mob 5/21/23 [ MV OFFICIAL] 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Tshuaj loog yog siv rau ntau yam teeb meem hniav. Nws hom yog xaiv raws li hom txheej txheem. Infiltration anesthesia feem ntau yog siv, uas muab qhov mob zoo. Nws cov yam ntxwv thiab hom tau piav qhia hauv kab lus.

Qhov no yog dab tsi?

Infiltration anesthesia yog ib hom tshuaj loog siv hauv kev kho hniav hauv kev kho hniav thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Nrog nws, thaiv cov hlab ntsha xaus ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm tshwm sim nrog kev pab los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj loog. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem txhaj rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov ncauj, txhua yam nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj.

infiltration tshuaj loog
infiltration tshuaj loog

Raws li thaj chaw txhaj tshuaj, infiltration anesthesia tuaj yeem ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj, uas, piv rau thawj hom, tshuaj loog rau cov hniav plexus. Txoj kev ncaj qha yog npaj rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm alveolar ridges lossis cov ntaub so ntswg mos. Txoj kev tsis ncaj yog siv rau kev tshem tawm cov hniav thiab lub puab tsaig pob txha phais.

Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, tshuaj loog thaiv cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob peb feeb. Qhov txawv yog nyob rau hauv txoj kevkev xa khoom txhais tau tias thiab qhov chaw cuam tshuam. Tus neeg sawv cev txhaj tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub mucosa los yog mus rau hauv lub periosteum yog xa mus rau lub vascular pob. Cov tshuaj loog nkag rau hauv cov pob txha impregnates cov pob txha ze tshaj plaws thiab cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hniav, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv cov kwj dej hauv paus. Yog tias rab koob raug coj los ze rau ntawm cov pob neurovascular, ces cov tshuaj yuav ua sai sai thiab zoo.

rau lub puab tsaig

Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, tshuaj loog tsuas yog siv rau luv luv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Yog tias xav tau kev cuam tshuam loj, nws tau ua ke nrog lwm hom tshuaj loog, uas txhim kho cov nyhuv. Txoj kev no yog txuam nrog cov qauv ntawm lub puab tsaig. Cov ntaub so ntswg alveolar ntawm lub puab tsaig qis yog ntom thiab ntxeem tau, yog li cov tshuaj loog nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha.

Cov ntu sab hauv suav tias yog qhov tsawg dua, qhov twg muaj ntau cov micropores, yog li cov tshuaj loog no siv thaum tswj cov incisors. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob mob yuav tso cai rau kev taw qhia cov nyiaj mus rau hauv qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tshuaj Txoj kev daws yog siv los ntawm kev txav rab koob mus rau canine.

Nyob rau lub puab tsaig

Infiltration anesthesia yog nquag siv hauv kev kho thiab phais ntawm cov hniav ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv. Tus neeg sawv cev txhaj tshuaj sai nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha vim qhov porosity siab thiab me me thickness ntawm lub puab tsaig pob txha. Yog hais tias tus manipulations yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub incisors, lub koob yog muab tso rau hauv lub quav ntawm qhov kev hloov kho medial mus rau tus hniav mob thiab saum toj ntawm cov hauv paus hniav.

infiltration anesthesia hauv kev kho hniav
infiltration anesthesia hauv kev kho hniav

Yuav tsum tso tseg qhov mob saum ntuj, yog qhov tsim nyogtxiav tawm lub mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov qhib incisor. Qhov no yog li cas tshuaj loog ntawm thawj premolar yog ua. Txhawm rau tshuaj loog cov paj hlwb ntawm cov molars, qhov thib ob premolar, koob yog txhaj ntawm tus hniav thiab cov premolar uas nyob ib sab. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau txiav tawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub alveolar thiab palatine txheej txheem.

Intraligamentary

Nov yog hom tshuaj loog infiltration hauv kev kho hniav, uas cov tshuaj txhaj rau hauv ligaments ntawm cov hniav. Cov cuab yeej yog txhaj rau hauv qhov siab, yog li nws raug ntaus pob txha ntawm alveolar ridge. Txoj kev no muaj kev ua tau zoo heev thiab siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem kho hniav loj.

Intrapapillary

hom tshuaj loog no suav nrog kev qhia tshuaj loog rau hauv cov papilla interdental. Rau qhov no, ib rab koob luv luv yog siv, txhaj rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm papilla thiab nce mus rau cov pob txha, thiab tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tso tawm. Kev txhaj tshuaj ib zaug tsis muab tag nrho cov hlab ntsha xaus ntawm cov hniav, yog li yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj los ntawm palatal ib feem.

local infiltration tshuaj loog
local infiltration tshuaj loog

Subperiosteal

Rau cov txheej txheem no, koj xav tau lub koob txhaj tshuaj nrog rab koob luv luv, 3 cm ntev.

Cov tshuaj yog siv los ntawm kev nias lub plunger. Qhov kev tswj hwm no yuav tsum muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov tshuaj loog, thaum lub zog ntawm cov hlab ntsha tau ua tiav hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.

Raws li Vishnevsky

Infiltration anesthesia raws li Vishnevsky tshwj xeeb, nrog nws cov tshuaj loog nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg hauv txheej. Cov tshuaj loog ntawm txhua txheej tshwm sim sib cais vim yog "ceeping infiltrate". Qhov kev txiav txim no yog muab los ntawm kev qhia txog kev daws teeb meem nyob rau hauv siab. Tus neeg sawv cev raug faib los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, yog li ntawd, kev sib cuag nrog cov hlab ntsha ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm tau lees paub.

Indications thiab contraindications

Hauv zos infiltration tshuaj loog siv tau rau:

  • qhib purulent abscesses;
  • kev kho kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj;
  • mandibular tshuaj loog;
  • tshem tawm cov hniav ib ntus ntawm ob lub puab tsaig;
  • tshem tawm lossis kho cov hniav tas mus li ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv;
  • mucosal suturing thaum raug mob.
ua infiltration anesthesia
ua infiltration anesthesia

hom txheej txheem no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv thaum muaj tshuaj tsis haum tshuaj. Hauv qhov no, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav xaiv txoj kev siv tshuaj loog zoo tshaj plaws.

pros and cons

Qhov tshuaj loog no paub txog ntau qhov zoo piv rau lwm txoj kev kho mob:

  1. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim raws li tsis muaj qhov tseeb anatomical orientation yog yuav tsum tau.
  2. Muaj ceev ceev ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hniav uas mob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze.
  3. Koj tuaj yeem siv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm tus neeg sawv cev, ua rau txoj kev no nyab xeeb.

Vim cov txiaj ntsig no, cov txheej txheem siv tau zoo. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov zoo, cov txheej txheem kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo:

  1. Ib thaj chaw me me ntawm tshuaj loog.
  2. Kev txwv tsis pub siv rau ntawm lub puab tsaig qis.
  3. muag mob nyem.

Txoj cai lij choj

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso tshuaj loog yog tib yam, txawm tias thaj chaw twg nws raug txhaj rau hauv. Cov txheej txheem yog raws li nram no:

  1. kho aseptic ntawm mucosa ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tau ua tiav.
  2. Tom qab ntawd, tus kws kho hniav mus rau sab xis ntawm tus neeg mob.
  3. Nrog tus ntiv tes lossis daim iav, tus kws kho mob thawb rov qab daim di ncauj lossis lub plhu kom qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv.
  4. Lub taub ntawm rab koob yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm qhov hloov pauv hloov ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45 degrees mus rau alveolar ridge. Nws txiav yog tig mus rau lub puab tsaig pob txha.
  5. Yuav tsum tau ntxig rab koob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau 5-15 hli, txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntxig.
  6. Tam sim no tshuaj txhaj.
Cov txheej txheem infiltration anesthesia
Cov txheej txheem infiltration anesthesia

Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog infiltration. Nyob ntawm seb hom kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, cov tshuaj siv tau yooj yim los yog sai. Yog tias tus txheej txheem ua los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij, tsis muaj qhov tsis xis nyob yuav tsum tshwm sim.

Nyob rau me nyuam

Thaum kho cov hniav hauv cov menyuam yaus, kev puas siab puas ntsws overstrain feem ntau tshwm sim. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua kom dhau qhov mob, yog li hom tshuaj loog no feem ntau siv, vim nws pab ua kom tiav kev kho mob thiab ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab rau tus kws kho mob.

Tab sis vim qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov ntshav xa mus rau lub qhov ncauj, cov menyuam yaus feem ntau ntsib cov tsos mob lom los ntawm tshuaj loog, uas cov niam txiv feem ntau koom nrog kev ua xua. Txij li thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no suav hais tias yog contraindications, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum qhia tus kws kho hniav txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev phiv.

Yog menyuam tsis kam khocov hniav thiab mus rau tus kws kho hniav, pov ib tug tantrum, tshuaj loog yog feem ntau sau. Tab sis ua ntej pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem no, uas muaj cov npe ntawm contraindications, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog lwm tus kws kho mob. Cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau ntsib nrog kws kho hniav thiab tso siab rau nws, thiab tom qab ntawd kev kho mob yuav ua tiav.

Tshuaj

Cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws suav nrog tshuaj nrog articaine:

  1. Ubistezin. Nws muaj cov tshuaj vasoconstrictor uas muab cov tshuaj loog ntev thiab ruaj khov.
  2. Ultracain. Nws tso tawm nrog thiab tsis muaj epinephrine. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, mob hawb pob.
  3. "Septanest". Xws li cov tshuaj epinephrine thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis pom nyob hauv Ubistezin thiab Ultracaine.
  4. Orablock. Cov tshuaj zoo ib yam li Ubistezin.
Infiltration anesthesia raws li Vishnevsky
Infiltration anesthesia raws li Vishnevsky

Lidocaine thiab novocaine tsis siv rau hauv tshuaj loog infiltration. Cov tshuaj no yog tshuaj lom piv rau tshuaj loog nrog articaine. Novocaine tsis muaj zog nrog purulent o.

Yuav Muaj Teeb Meem

Kev mob tom qab txhaj tshuaj yog qhov mob hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Nws tshwm sim thaum lub koob tsis raug tso rau hauv lub mucosa. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog aseptic, qhov mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nrog o thiab liab yog pom.

Yog tias cov tsos mob tsis ploj mus ob peb hnub thiab hnyav zuj zus, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Thaum tsis muaj kev pab cuam vim yog mob, exfoliation ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias thiab periosteum tshwm, thiab qhov no yuav ua rau necrosis.cov ntaub so ntswg. Vim cov txheej txheem purulent, kab mob ntawm lub puab tsaig pob txha tshwm sim thiab osteomyelitis tshwm. Kev pab raws sij hawm los ntawm kws kho mob yuav tiv thaiv qhov no tsis tshwm sim.

Kev nyab xeeb

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem loj, cov txheej txheem yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai yooj yim:

  1. Thaum txhaj cov tshuaj rau infiltration anesthesia, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nyob twj ywm, tsis txhob txav tam sim ntawd thiab tsis cuam tshuam tus kws kho mob nrog koj txhais tes. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov nqaij mos raug mob hnyav.
  2. Yuav kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tsis mob, qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tau kho ua ntej nrog daim ntawv thov tshuaj loog.
  3. Tus kws kho hniav yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem.
  4. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov tshuaj loog kom nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha loj, lub piston yuav tsum tau rub ntawm nws tus kheej ua ntej tus neeg sawv cev qhia. Yog tias cov ntshav tshwm hauv cov koob txhaj tshuaj, yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj ntxiv, hloov qhov chaw ntawm koob.
  5. Yuav kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws yuav tso cai rau kev qhia txog kev daws teeb meem ntawm tus nqi ntawm 1 ml hauv 15 vib nas this.
  6. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam nyuaj, intrapulpal anesthesia tseem xav tau. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, 0.2 ml ntawm tshuaj loog yog txhaj rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev.
  7. Thaum tso lub koob, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob thawb deb dhau ntawm qhov taub, vim tias qhov tso tawm yuav ua rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntsej muag, thiab cov hniav yuav tsis muab tshuaj loog.
Novocaine rau infiltration tshuaj loog
Novocaine rau infiltration tshuaj loog

Cov neeg mob uas tau kuaj pom tias muaj kev kho hniav phobia yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj uas muaj cov nyhuv sedative ib hnub lossis ob peb teev ua ntej. Nrog lawv, nws yuav ua tau kom txo tau kev ntxhov siab heev thiab kev zoo siab.

Pom zoo: