Hauv kev kuaj mob glomerulonephritis, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua los ntawm kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab raws sijhawm. Uas yuav tsum suav nrog ob txoj kev kuaj mob dav dav thiab lwm yam ntxiv. Nws yog lawv leej twg yuav ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov kev kuaj mob sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem mob hnyav thiab mob ntev, thiab yuav txiav txim siab txog hom glomerulonephritis (nephritic, nephrotic), uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv kev kho tus neeg mob ntxiv. Kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug thiab theem nrab ntawm glomerulonephritis (poststreptococcal thiab lwm yam) suav nrog cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv.
Yog vim li cas
Feem ntau, qhov ua rau glomerulonephritis yog ib qho kab mob hnyav uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum. Cov kab mob no suav nrog:
- angina;
- kab mob qhua pias;
- sepsis;
- scarlet fever;
- kab mob siab B;
- kis kab mob monoculosis.
Thiab qee yam kab mob sib kis. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob hauv lub cev kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj uas ua rau glomerunitis:
- kab mob ntsws pulmonary-renal syndrome;
- lupus;
- vasculitis.
Qee zaum, teeb meem rau lub raum tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev qhia txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab sera, feem ntau tsis zoo, lossis thaum muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj loj heev.
Ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej yog kev lom ntawm lub cev nrog cov tshuaj lom, suav nrog cawv, nicotine, mercury. Organic kuab tshuaj, txhuas thiab lwm yam compounds. Glomerulonephritis feem ntau tshwm sim nrog hluav taws xob raug.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tus kab mob pib tshwm sim qhov nruab nrab tom qab 1-4 lub lis piam txij li lub sijhawm cov xwm txheej tsis zoo uas tau teev tseg saum toj no cuam tshuam rau lub cev. Kev kuaj mob ntxov ntawm tus kab mob no pab kom zam dhau nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab muaj teeb meem ntxiv.
Symptoms
Cov tsos mob ntawm glomerulonephritis pib tshwm sim lawv tus kheej qee lub sijhawm tom qab kis tus kab mob uas ua rau nws. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam txoj kev loj hlob ntawm glomerulonephritis tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm ntau pronounced cov tsos mob, thaum nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus nws tau mus rau ib tug me ntsis latent daim ntawv. Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no, cov tsos mob muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- Ua kom lub cev kub, txias, ua tsis tausqab los noj mov, dav deterioration ntawm kev noj qab nyob zoo;
- Kev mob hauv cheeb tsam lumbar, mob taub hau;
- tso zis tsis zoo (tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau theem pib, cov zis txo qis, thiab thaum tus kab mob tshwm sim, qhov ntim tso zis ntau ntxiv), pom cov ntshav impurities (hematuria) tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv cov zis nws tus kheej.;
- mob plab thaum sawv ntxov, uas maj mam ploj thaum nruab hnub;
- ntshav siab (hypertension).
Nyob ntawm daim ntawv uas glomerulonephritis tau tshwm sim, cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv nephrotic variant, cov tsos mob ntawm urinary prevail, nyob rau hauv lub hypertensive variant, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, cov tsos mob ntawm cov zis yog me me, thiab hypertensive cov tsos mob predominate, nyob rau hauv lub latent variant, tag nrho cov tsos mob yog heev me me.
Diagnosis
txoj kev xeem dav dav:
- CBC
- clinical urinalysis (yuav tsum tau!);
- urinalysis rau txhua hnub proteinuria (kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov protein txhua hnub hauv cov zis);
- urinalysis raws li Nechiporenko;
- urinalysis raws li Zimnitsky (kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum);
- ntshav biochemistry (cholesterol, tag nrho cov protein thiab nws cov feem, urea, creatinine, electrolytes - K, Na, Cl);
Saib:
- BP tswj;
- tswj cov zis txhua hnub;
- kev kuaj mob ntxiv;
- immunological kuaj ntshav (titer - antistreptolysin O, CEC);
- ntsuas lub raum ua haujlwm (glomerular pom tus nqi raws li Schwartz);
- Ultrasound ntawm lub raum nrog kev ntsuas ntawm lub raum ntshav ntws ECHO-ECG.
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb:
- kws kho mob kws kho mob (kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov nyiaj);
- kws kho mob otolaryngologist (kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob foci ntev);
- raum biopsy (nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm cov kab mob steroid-resistant glomerulonephritis, los ntsuas lub xeev morphological ntawm lub raum).
Kev kho mob
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los kho tus kab mob "mob glomerulonephritis" nrog tshuaj, lawv txhua tus nyob ntawm seb tus kab mob twg tuaj. Yog tias nws pib tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb tias muaj kab mob strep coccal tau qhia, ces tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tau sau tshuaj kho mob xws li Penicillin. Nws yog ib yam tshuaj uas tsis ua mob rau lub raum.
Cov tshuaj yog siv intramuscularly, nrog rau lub sijhawm ntawm ib zaug txhua plaub teev, qhov xav tau ntim yog 500,000 units. Cov chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob hauv txoj kev no yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog kaum thiab tsis tshaj kaum plaub hnub. Yog tias vim li cas koj tsis xav noj Penicillin, koj tuaj yeem txhaj Oxacillin hloov, qhov ntau npaum li cas yog tib yam.
Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev kho mob pathogenetic tau ua tiav, nws tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev ua tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam tshuaj. Xws litxhais tau tias yog pawg ntawm cytostatics thiab glucocorticoids. Cov yav tas yog siv yog tias ib tug neeg muaj lub raum lossis lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, nrog rau cov hlab ntshav siab.
Prednisolone yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj no. Qhov koob tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm cov tshuaj no tsis pub ntau tshaj ob milligrams. Yog tias cov tshuaj no tsis tau muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo, ces tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj cytostatics, lawv tuaj yeem raug tshuaj yog tias thawj cov tshuaj ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Cyclosporine yog suav tias yog cov tshuaj siv ntau tshaj plaws, nws cov koob tshuaj txhua hnub nyob ntawm tus neeg qhov hnyav thiab suav nrog hauv qab no: tsis pub tsawg dua 2.5 thiab tsis ntau tshaj 3.5 milligrams ib kilogram ntawm qhov hnyav. Kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj no yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas tag nrho, uas yog ua los ntawm kev pub ntshav rau kev kuaj.
txhawm rau txhim kho cov ntshav ncig hauv lub raum thiab nres kev txhim kho ntawm thrombosis, cov kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj antigreat thiab anticoagulant. Cov no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- "Heparin";
- "Dipyridamole" thiab lwm yam.
Tus thawj yog sau rau ntawm tus nqi tsis pub tshaj 30 IU ib hnub twg, thiab qhov thib ob los ntawm 400 mus rau 600 milligrams ib hnub twg. Kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj ob lub hlis ib nrab.
Lwm yam kev kho mob
Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv los kho tus mob glomerulonephritis:
- Cov tshuaj uas txo tus neeg cov ntshav siab, piv txwv yog Enalapril. Nws cov koob tshuaj txhua hnub yog 10 mus rau 20 milligrams. Tej zaumraug xaiv thiab "Ramipril". Nws cov cai txhua hnub tsis ntau tshaj 10 milligrams thiab tsis pub tsawg dua ob thiab ib nrab.
- Tshuaj uas tshem tawm cov kua dej ntau dhau ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov no suav nrog Aldactone, nws noj txhua hnub yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 300 milligrams. Koj tuaj yeem siv "Furosemide", nws tus nqi txhua hnub yog los ntawm plaub caug txog yim caum milligrams.
- Cov tshuaj hauv qab no uas pab tshem tawm lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm yog "Hypotipzid" thiab "Uregit". Lawv cov nyiaj pub dawb txhua hnub nyob ntawm tsib caug mus rau ib puas milligrams.
Cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm glomerulonephritis (mob thiab mob ntev) yog sib cuam tshuam. Tag nrho cov txheej xwm muaj nyob rau hauv lub complex.
kev kho neeg zoo
Kev kho mob ntawm glomerulonephritis los ntawm lwm txoj kev kho mob tsuas yog ua tau nyob rau hauv thawj theem, thaum cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tau pom zoo. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev siv hom kev kho mob no tsuas yog tom qab kev sib tham ua ntej nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv qhia rau cov tshuaj pej xeem zoo, qhov no yuav xav tau:
- peb tablespoons qhuav birch nplooj;
- plaub tablespoons flaxseeds;
- peb tablespoons qhuav qhuav cag.
Ncuav dej npau npau tshaj qhov sib tov thiab tawm mus rau infuse. Koj yuav tsum haus cov dej haus peb zaug ib hnub twg, haus tsawg tshaj li ib nrab khob, tab sis tsis pub ntau tshaj ib lub lis piam. Tom qab nws, o subsides thiab mob plawv ploj, thiab cov tshuaj kuj yog ib tug zoo tshuaj,siab txo.
Kev noj haus
Nws raug pom zoo kom ua raws li kev noj haus uas tsis suav nrog cov khoom noj hauv qab no los ntawm kev noj haus:
- Apricots;
- apples qab zib;
- tsev cheese;
- qos.
Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo noj taub dag, txhua hnub hauv ib hnub, hauv me me. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no ua rau muaj kev nyob hauv tsev kho mob thiab xav tau noj zaub mov.
Nrog kev pab los ntawm pej xeem txoj kev, koj tsuas tuaj yeem txo qhov mob hnyav los ntawm tus kab mob, thiab kuj tsim nyog raws li txoj kev tiv thaiv. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas tus kab mob ntawm nws cov theem pib, txwv tsis pub yav tom ntej nws yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem thiab pib ua rau tag nrho lub cev tsis zoo.
kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug
Kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug ntawm tus mob glomerulonephritis yog tsom feem ntau ntawm kev txhim kho tag nrho ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm yam thiab kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob raum. Kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug suav nrog:
1. Kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm thiab kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob hauv lub raum.
2. Kev saib xyuas thiab saib xyuas cov theem ntawm glomerulonephritis (kuaj, mus ntsib kws kho mob).
3. Txij li thaum ib qho ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tawm tsam cov kab mob sib kis yog tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thawj qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm glomerulonephritis hauv cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau tsom rau nws.ntxiv dag zog, uas yog:
- taug kev sab nraum zoov, tawm dag zog;
- kev noj zaub mov zoo uas muaj cov vitamins thiab kab kawm;
- tawv kom ntau li ntau tau (siv cov da dej sib piv, dousing nrog maj mam txo qis hauv qhov kub thiab txias, taug kev ko taw liab qab, taug kev ib txwm nyob rau lub caij ntuj no).
4. Kev kho tshuaj tiv thaiv kev rov qab los (tshwj xeeb thiab saib xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom).
kev tiv thaiv thib ob
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov kab mob glomerulonephritis ntev, nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li qee qhov kev tiv thaiv uas yuav pab tiv thaiv cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob kom tsis zoo.
Raws li kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug rau glomerulonephritis, uas yog tsom rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev, nce kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev kho mob rau cov kab mob uas tau tshwm sim. Kev tiv thaiv thib ob yog kev ua kom zoo ntawm txoj kev ua neej, kev ua neej zoo li qub.
hom kev tiv thaiv no suav nrog dab tsi?
Cov haujlwm thib ob suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Kev ua kom zoo ntawm lub cev thiab kev xav-kev ntxhov siab, suav nrog kev txwv kev ua kis las, zam kev ntxhov siab.
- Cov kev txwv ntsig txog kev ua haujlwm, uas suav nrog kev ua raws li cov qauv kev huv hauv chaw ua haujlwm (nws tsis pom zoo kom ua haujlwm hauv chav ntub dej, nqa qhov hnyav, txwv tsis pub siv tshuaj tua kab thiab lwm yam khoom tsis zoo). Tsis tas li ntawd, hmo ntuj ua haujlwm thiabKev mus ncig ua lag luam ntev yuav tsum txwv.
- Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog kev noj zaub mov - nrog glomerulonephritis, nws yog raws li kev txo qis kev noj cov zaub mov protein, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub nra hnyav ntxiv rau lub raum.
- Kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncua ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom.
Tiv thaiv tus mob glomerulonephritis
Txoj cai tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tus kab mob no yog sim kom tsis txhob muaj ntau yam kab mob. Qee cov lus qhia:
- Yog tias koj pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob uas tsis muaj kev phom sij tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd kom tau txais cov lus pom zoo los ntawm nws.
- Txhua yam kab mob kis tau tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kub taub hau, tsis zoo, ua daus no thiab qaug rau lub cev.
- Nws yog txwv tsis pub xaiv tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm koj tus kheej, lawv tsuas yog muab los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb.
- Yog tias koj pib kho raws sijhawm, txoj kev kho yuav mus sai sai thiab yuav tsis muaj kev phiv.
- Sim txwv koj tus kheej los ntawm ib qho hypothermia, thiab rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev tsis haum xeeb ntawm ib qho kev xeeb tub, txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txwv tsis pub.
- Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev rov tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob nephrologist txhua xyoo. Qhov tshwm sim tuag yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem nrog tus kab mob no, tab sis tseem muaj qhov ua tau, nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob pheej hmoo.
- Cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob no yuav tsum tsis txhob ua haujlwm ntub dej thiabchav txias.
- Yog tus neeg mob qaug dab peg, ces nws yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj haus. Tsis txhob noj ntsev, rog lossis ntsim heev.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob glomerulonephritis
Thaum tus kab mob tau mob ntev, muaj ntau yam kev ntsuas uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus kabmob tshiab. Rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm glomerulonephritis, muaj cov cai hauv qab no:
- tshwj xeeb txhua hnub nrog kev so kom raug thiab noj zaub mov kom zoo nrog ntsev thiab dej txwv, noj zaub mov tsis muaj sodium;
- ntshai tsam overstrain ob lub cev thiab tshee; kev tawm dag zog ntau dhau uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav kuj yuav tsum zam;
- tsis tau hypothermia;
- tsis txhob nyob hauv chav dej ntub lossis ze rau cov tshuaj phem;
- rau npe nrog lub tsev kho mob tsawg kawg 3 xyoos.
Kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv tus mob glomerulonephritis yog tshem tawm txhua yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau tus kabmob.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev tiv thaiv. Lub cev yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tiv tau tus kab mob kis thiab lwm yam pathologies. Rau qhov no koj xav tau:
- kho cov kab mob sib kis raws sijhawm, thiab ua tiav cov kev kho mob, txwv tsis pub cov kab mob yuav cuam tshuam rau lub raum ua haujlwm;
- ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo thaum noj cov tshuaj uas tau sau tseg txog kev mob nkeeg;
- xa ob peb zaug hauv ib xyoos rau kev tshawb fawbtso zis thiab ntshav;
- xyuam xim rau cov khoom noj kom raug, tsis suav nrog cov kib, haus luam yeeb thiab cov khoom qab ntsev dhau los ntawm cov zaub mov tsis tu ncua, tab sis noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub ntau dua;
- taug kev txhua hnub, tawm dag zog;
- kev nyuaj siab.
Tsis tas li, tus neeg mob muaj cai muaj kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hmo ntuj thiab hypothermia.
