Down Syndrome, tseem hu ua trisomy 21, yog ib yam kab mob caj ces uas ua rau muaj kev puas hlwb. Pathology tshwm sim hauv qhov nruab nrab ntawm ib ntawm yim puas tus menyuam yug tshiab. Cov tsos mob ntawm Down syndrome yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob qeeb, uas yuav ua tau me me los yog nruab nrab, tsim ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntsej muag, lub suab tsis muaj zog. Cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm pathology feem ntau muaj kab mob hauv plab, plawv tsis xws luag thiab lwm yam teeb meem.
Lub npe ntawm cov kab mob tau muab rau hauv kev hwm ntawm Langdon Down, tus kws kho mob thawj zaug piav txog qhov teeb meem no xyoo 1866. Tus kws kho mob muaj peev xwm sau nws cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov ua rau pathology. Qhov no tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1959, thaum cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias Down syndrome muaj keeb kwm caj ces. Txhua tus tib neeg lub xov tooj suav nrog 23 khub ntawm chromosomes uas nqa cov noob tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev. 23 chromosomes tau txais los ntawm lub qe los ntawm leej niam, thiab ob khub ntawm lawv tsim 23 chromosomes tau txais los ntawmtxiv phev. Tab sis nws tshwm sim tias tus me nyuam los ntawm ib tus niam txiv tau txais cov chromosomes ntxiv. Thaum nws tau txais ob los ntawm nws niam es tsis txhob ntawm ib chromosome 21st, tag nrho (siv rau hauv tus account 21st chromosome tau txais los ntawm nws txiv) muaj peb ntawm lawv. Qhov no yog qhov ua rau Down syndrome.
Signs of Down Syndrome
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis sib xws tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv me mus rau qhov hnyav, tab sis feem ntau cov neeg uas muaj kab mob tau hais tawm cov yam ntxwv sab nraud. Yog li, cov tsos mob sab nraud ntawm Down syndrome suav nrog:
- ntsej muag, lub qhov ncauj me, pob ntseg me, caj dab luv, qhov muag muag;
- dav thiab luv tes nrog ntiv tes luv;
- arched sky, crooked hniav, tiaj tus choj;
- lub hauv siab curvature, thiab lwm yam.
Kev Tsis Txaus Siab
Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tus kabmob no muaj teebmeem kev sib txuas lus. Qhov no yog manifested nyob rau hauv lub fact tias lawv tsis yog muab kev cob qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim thoob plaws lub neej. Nws tseem tsis tau meej meej meej npaum li cas ntxiv chromosome 21 tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm kev txawj ntse. Lub hlwb ntawm tus neeg mob Down syndrome yuav luag tib yam li lub hlwb ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv. Tab sis cov qauv ntawm nws qhov chaw sib cais - cerebellum thiab hippocampus - yog hloov me ntsis. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau hippocampus, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nco.
Cov tsos mob ntawm Down syndrome tau teev saum toj no yog hais txogib nrab ntawm cov me nyuam kuj nrog los ntawm congenital plawv tsis xws luag. Qee zaum, txhawm rau kho qhov tsis xws luag, yuav tsum tau phais tam sim tom qab yug me nyuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam kab mob hauv plab yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj qhov teeb meem no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tracheoesophageal fistula thiab esophageal atresia.
Lwm kev ua txhaum cai
Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kab mob yog cov kab mob xws li:
- hypothyroidism;
- menyuam mos spasms, qaug dab peg;
- otitis media;
- tsis hnov lus thiab qhov muag tsis pom kev;
- tsis ruaj khov ntawm tus txha nraub qaum hauv caj dab;
- obesity;
- hyperreactivity thiab mloog tsis txaus;
- kev nyuaj siab.
Kev kho mob Down syndrome
Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev kho mob rau tus kab mob. Nws tsuas yog ua tau los kho cov kab mob sib kis, piv txwv li, kab mob plawv lossis kab mob plab. Tab sis qhov zoo ntawm lub neej ntawm cov menyuam yaus nrog cov kab mob no tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho. Ntau txoj hauv kev yog siv rau qhov no, suav nrog kev hais lus, kho lub cev, kho haujlwm ua haujlwm.
