Intracranial hypertension yog ib qho mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce siab hauv cov pob txha taub hau thiab cuam tshuam rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub hlwb. Nws tuaj yeem yog vim muaj cov kab mob pathological ntawm lub hlwb. Feem ntau, nws yog cov txiv neej uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov teeb meem no. Qhov zaus ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov me nyuam yog kwv yees li qub, tsis hais poj niam txiv neej.
Vim tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem, nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub txog cov tsos mob raws sijhawm, kuaj xyuas thiab kho tom ntej.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob
Raws li ICD-10 code, intracranial siab yog encrypted G93.2, yog ib tug pathological syndrome, cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog ib tug nce siab nyob rau hauv lub cranial kab noj hniav. Nws qhov sib txawv ntawm lwm hom kev nce siab yog qhov tsis muaj volumetric formations nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm lub paj hlwb los yog ntau tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov kua nyob rau hauv lub cranium.
Ntxiv rau, intracranial hypertensionkiag li tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog cerebrovascular kev huam yuaj. Feem ntau cov tsos mob zoo sib xws tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus hnub nyoog nruab nrab uas rog dhau. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ntshav qab zib.
Kev nce siab intracranial tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam laj thawj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv pathological tsis tu ncua, cov kua dej cerebrospinal pib ua kom lub zog loj ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm lub hlwb, uas ua rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Kev kho mob yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm cov yam tshwm sim.
Kev tshwm sim
Yog tias qib ntawm intracranial siab tshaj 20 mm Hg. Art., qhov no ua rau muaj teeb meem loj hauv cerebral ncig thiab txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb. Yog li ntawd, cerebral ischemia tshwm sim. Ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm intracranial siab yog cov hauv qab no:
- Yhydrocephalus;
- mob hlwb raug mob;
- neuroinfections;
- hlwb neoplasms;
- mob qaug dab peg;
- kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm autonomic.
Ntxiv rau qhov kev puas hlwb ntawm lub hlwb, qhov ua rau extraneural tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nce siab ntxiv. Cov no suav nrog:
- kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev;
- kab mob endocrine;
- mob plawv thiab pulmonary pathologies;
- kab mob;
- metabolic ntshawv siab.
Kev kub siab Intracranial tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj qee yam tshuaj, tshwj xeeb, cov uas ua rau cov kua dej khaws cia hauv lub cev. Lub siab tsis tu ncua yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, vim nws tseem ceeb heevnce kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Tus mob no suav nrog ntau yam mob sib txawv uas yuav pab kom paub txog qhov kev ua txhaum cai. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm intracranial siab muaj xws li:
- mob taub hau;
- hnyav hauv taub hau;
- xeev siab thiab ntuav;
- faus;
- Ntshai heev;
- huab cua rhiab heev.
Thaum tus mob tshwm sim, mob taub hau feem ntau tshwm sim, uas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias thaum ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug kab rov tav txoj hauj lwm, cov cawv pib sawv tawm ntau active, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws absorption yog me ntsis qeeb, uas provokes ib tug ntau dua nyob rau hauv siab.
Ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm intracranial hypertension, ib tus tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm vegetovascular dystonia, uas suav nrog kev kub siab sai sai, tawm hws, fainting, palpitations. Cov voj voog tsaus tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv qab lub qhov muag, uas nyuaj rau tshem tawm txawm tias muaj tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Ntxiv rau, cov cim qhia tsis ncaj ntawm intracranial ntshav siab kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim, qhia txog cov txheej txheem txawv txav tshwm sim hauv lub hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb. Ntawm lawv nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tseeb:
- pw tsis tsaug zog;
- txo qis hauv qhov concentration;
- tawm hws ntau dhau;
- khaw tshee;
- inhibited tshua.
Nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov cim qhia tsis ncaj ntawm intracranialhypertension manifests li:
- nce taub hau ncig;
- dov qhov muag;
- swelling fontanel.
Txhua tus tsos mob ntawm tus kheej tsis qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm tus mob, tab sis ua ke lawv tuaj yeem qhia txog kev mob hnyav. Paub tias nws yog dab tsi - intracranial hypertension hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus, koj tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas raws sijhawm thiab ua tiav kev kho mob kom tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem.
Diagnostics
Kev kuaj pom tseeb ntawm intracranial hypertension yog ua tau tsuas yog tom qab ntsuas qib ntawm cov kua hauv hlwb. Rau lub hom phiaj no, ib tug invasive txheej txheem yog nqa tawm, namely, ib tug tshwj xeeb koob yog muab tso rau hauv lub paj hlwb sinuses, tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub siab gauge txuas. Txhawm rau saib xyuas cov qib siab tas li, koj tuaj yeem siv cov sensors tshwj xeeb thiab cov tshuab uas tau muab tso rau hauv cov kab noj hniav cranial.
Txhua yam haujlwm no tau ua los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm MRI. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws muaj peev xwm ntseeg tau los txiav txim siab npaum li cas ntawm intracranial siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm intracranial hypertension thiab ua qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug, uas yuav tso cai rau koj los sau cov kev kho mob kom raug thiab tsim nyog.
Yog tias txoj kev ncaj qha rau qee yam tsis tuaj yeem siv lossis tsis tsim nyog, ces tus kws kho mob hauv kev kuaj mob cia siab rau cov tsos mob tam sim no, thiab cov kev tshawb fawb no tau sau tseg raws li:
- ultrasound;
- tomography;
- echoencephalography.
Rau qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug, nws tsim nyog siv tag nrho cov kev tshawb fawb no. Cov ntaub ntawv raug tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem tau txais thaum lub sijhawm tomography.
Txoj kev kho mob
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab meej tias nws yog dab tsi - intracranial hypertension hauv cov neeg laus, yog li koj tuaj yeem xaiv txoj kev kho kom raug. Tsis yog nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob, nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm qhov kev ua txhaum cai, nrog rau cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev xaiv cov kev kho mob feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov ua rau muaj ntshav siab.
Kev ntxhov siab tau ua tiav zoo li qub yog tias lub hauv paus ntawm nws qhov nce tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm nrog kev pab ntawm kev kho tshuaj lossis kev phais. Txoj kev kho yuav tsum raug xaiv tshwj xeeb los ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Nrog rau kev nce siab hauv cov neeg laus, tsis nrog ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, paresis, kev nyuaj siab ntawm lub hlwb thiab kev nco qab, kev siv cov tshuaj sedatives thiab diuretics, nrog rau cov tshuaj kom normalize siab, yog qhia. Noj zaub mov thiab tshwj xeeb gymnastic complexes kuj tau qhia.
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kab mob hnyav dua, kev kho mob tsuas yog ua hauv tsev kho mob thiab tej zaum yuav suav nrog kev teem caij ntawm sodium thiopental, hypermolar therapy, thiab hyperventilation. Qee qhov xwm txheej, yuav tsum tau teem sijhawm ntawm cov kev sib tham ntawm qhov nruab nrab hypothermia, uas txhais tau hais tias qhov kub thiab txias los ntawm ob peb degrees dhau 1-2 hnub.
Thaum muaj kev nce siab hauv intracranial los ntawm neoplasms, kev kho corticosteroid tuaj yeem ua tau zoo, thiab cov kua dej cerebrospinal qee zaum siv thaum muaj hydrocephalus.
Hauv qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws, kev kho mob yam tsis siv tshuaj tuaj yeem ua tau, uas suav nrog:
- normalization ntawm kev haus cawv;
- kev kho tus kheej thiab osteopathy;
- gymnastics complex.
Kev kuaj mob thiab txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob hlwb uas tsim nyog, yog vim li cas, thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Siv cov txheej txheem kev saib xyuas
Kev kho mob ntawm intracranial siab yuav tsum yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, tsom mus rau tshem tawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus uas provoked tsim cov syndrome. Kev txo qis yog ua raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus xws li:
- normalization ntawm cov txheej txheem intracranial;
- maj mam hloov mus rau kev kho nyuaj thiab nruj;
- normalization ntawm vascular muaj nuj nqi;
- cuam tshuam rau lwm yam ntawm lub hlwb puas.
Ua ntej koj pib kho mob intracranial siab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau faib cov qib siab. Yeej, qhov syndrome no teb zoo rau kev kho. Cov mob no yog kho tau yooj yim los ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj antioxidants, vitamins. Tsis tas li ntawd, me me diuretics yuav siv tau. Tau ntev, kev ua tau zoo heev muab xws litshuaj xws li acetazolamide. Qee zaum, "Methylprednisolone" thiab "Dexamethasone" yog ntxiv rau diuretics. Kev kho mob feem ntau yog ua los ntawm tus neeg mob sab nraud thiab tsuas yog qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws yog mus pw hauv tsev kho mob ntawm tus neeg mob qhia.
Mob ntshav siab intracranial raug kho nruj me ntsis raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob hauv tsev kho mob tshwj xeeb. Qhov txo qis hauv siab tshwm sim hauv theem. Hauv qhov no, kev kho mob muab faib ua kev tiv thaiv thiab xwm txheej ceev.
Kev kho mob prophylactic suav nrog kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam uas tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm lossis ua rau muaj kev loj hlob thiab kis kab mob. Ua li no, tus kws kho mob ua qhov kev hloov kho:
- venous outflow disorders;
- hyperthermia;
- kev ua pa tsis zoo;
- Ysystemic hemodynamics.
Thaum tsis muaj qhov xav tau ntawm kev kho mob, cov kws kho mob siv cov txheej txheem xwm txheej ceev. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv cov txheej txheem siab txo qis qis. Thaum xub thawj, tomography yog ua kom tshem tawm qhov xav tau ntawm kev phais. Yog tias pom tau, cov kab ke tswj kev tawm ntawm cov kua cerebrospinal yog siv. Hyperventilation kuj tau qhia.
Tus neeg mob tau txhaj tshuaj hypermolar, tshwj xeeb, tshuaj xws li HyperHAES thiab Mannitol. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tag nrho cov txheej txheem no, tus neeg mob raug txhaj rau hauv kev kho mob coma. Artificial hypothermia yog siv, uas yuav pab txo qhov kub thiab txias, normalize metabolic dab ntawm lub paj hlwb, nrog rau lub hlwb.ncig.
Yuav kom tshem tawm qhov mob, tsuas yog txo qhov siab. Yog tias tsim nyog, siv tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau nce neural impulses.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev rov qab los, cov neeg mob yuav tsum txwv lawv cov dej thiab ntsev kom tsawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tswj qhov hnyav, tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab cawv. Mexidol tuaj yeem noj ua tshuaj.
kev kho neeg zoo
Kev kho mob ntawm intracranial siab nrog tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua, nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov txuj ci pej xeem. Rau kev kho mob, tshuaj ntsuab infusions thiab decoctions feem ntau yog siv, uas pab kom sai thiab zoo txo qhov siab.
Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj pej xeem tsuas yog pab txo cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm, tab sis tsis kho tus kab mob kom tiav. Ib decoction ntawm lavender yog qhov zoo rau qhov no. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, noj 1 tsp. qhuav paj, ncuav lawv 1 tbsp. dej kub thiab boil rau 1-2 feeb. Tom qab ntawd, tawm mus rau infuse rau 30 feeb.
Cov txiaj ntsig decoction yuav tsum tau noj 1 tbsp. l. rau 1ay. Tom qab txoj kev kho, koj yuav tsum tau so li 2 lub lis piam thiab rov kho dua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom noj cov decoctions thiab infusions tsom rau normalizing hlwb kev ua haujlwm, metabolism thiab cov hlab ntsha. Txhawm rau npaj tus neeg sawv cev kho, koj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauvsib npaug proportions ntawm hawthorn, valerian, eucalyptus, motherwort, mint. Tom qab ntawd ncuav lub resulting sau nrog vodka thiab insist rau ib lub lim tiam. Noj 4-6 lub lis piam ua ntej noj mov, 20 tee. Koj tuaj yeem noj cov tshuaj cawv ntawm cov paj clover.
Rau qhov kev npaj ntawm decoctions, koj tuaj yeem siv tshuaj ntsuab npaj npaj. Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo yog muab los ntawm infusions ntawm mulberries, poplar buds. Txawm li cas los xij yog vim li cas provoked qhov nce siab, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, vim tias tus mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob txaus ntshai.
Surgery
Qhia rau kev phais yog qhov tsis muaj qhov xav tau ntawm kev saib xyuas kev kho mob, nrog rau kev nce siab ntxiv. Txhawm rau txo cov ntsuas no, rov ua lumbar punctures. Thaum pib, lawv tau ua txhua hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd lub laj kab yog ua ib lub lis piam ib zaug.
Tam sim no hauv arsenal ntawm neurosurgeons muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev hla kev phais, uas tso cai rau kom ua tiav qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm intracranial siab. Nws tshwm sim hais tias xws li tej yam kev mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub taub hau pw nyob rau hauv tos rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm qhov teeb meem no, kiv taub hau tuaj yeem raug sau tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum yug me nyuam, nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov kev kho mob hnyav, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau.
Dieting
Thaum intracranial hypertension tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muab cov kev mob tsim nyog uas lub cev tsis tuaj yeemsau ua kua. Rau qhov no, kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj ntsev yuav tsum tau ua. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab hmoov nplej los ntawm koj cov zaub mov ib txwm muaj. Kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv yog txwv tsis pub. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tsis txhob haus cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, khoom noj ceev, thiab cov dej qab zib.
Muaj feem cuam tshuam
Kev kawm ntev ntawm kev mob ntshav siab intracranial tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev. Tshwj xeeb, ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas xws li:
- cerebral ischemia;
- squeezing hlwb lug;
- lawv offset;
- Tus neeg mob tuag.
Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li tus mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws, dig muag, kev puas hlwb, tuag tes tuag taw. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug kab mob nyob rau hauv conscripts, lub tub rog sau npe thiab enlistment chaw ua hauj lwm ntsuam xyuas lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv raws li kev siv cov kev tshawb fawb tsim nyog. Lub siab ntawm cov kua dej cerebrospinal raug ntsuas, thiab qhov xaus ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag kuj tseem xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus neeg sau npe raug lees paub tias haum rau kev ua tub rog, tsuas yog muaj qee yam txwv.
Ib qho kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ncig ntawm cov kua cerebrospinal lossis ntshav ncig muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau tib neeg kev ua haujlwm. Kev kub ntxhov siab tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb me me, tab sis kev puas tsuaj mus ntev tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij mos atrophy.
Yog tias koj ua raws li txhua tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo thiab ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, ntshav siab tuaj yeem tshem tawm sai thiab zoo.
Hypertension hauv me nyuamlaus
Congenital intracranial hypertension hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathologies ntawm kev loj hlob lossis cuam tshuam ntawm kev xeeb tub. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob no yog pom nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus uas tau raug kev txom nyem hypoxia thaum yug los lossis kev loj hlob hauv lub cev. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum ceeb toom rau cov cim xws li:
- kev chim siab tas li thiab tsaug zog;
- xeev siab thiab ntuav;
- nce taub hau loj;
- txhawj xeeb;
- optic paj hlwb atrophy;
- nro ntawm fontanel;
- nce nqaij pob txha.
Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob ntawm intracranial siab hauv cov menyuam yaus, ces koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob rau kev kawm paub. Nws tau sau ib qho ultrasound ntawm lub hlwb, vim qhov no yog tib txoj kev kuaj xyuas thaum yau.
Kev kho mob ntshav siab hauv cov menyuam yaus yog txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob, nrog rau tshem tawm cov kua dej ntau dhau. Yog tias tsim nyog, kev kho phais yog nqa tawm thiab tso dej tawm kom tshem tawm cov kua cerebrospinal ntau dhau rau hauv kab noj hniav uas nyob ib sab.
Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kab mob zoo li no yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob hlwb kom, yog tias tsim nyog, kev kho mob tsim nyog tuaj yeem pib sai sai thiab muaj teeb meem loj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv. Cov tsos mob no yuav muaj qhov tshwm sim me me, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim tsuas yog pom thaum lub sijhawm mob khaub thuas thiab SARS. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, qhov nce hauv siab ua rau kev nyem ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm lub hlwb, uas ua rauua rau tuag tes tuag taw thiab tuag.
