Adrenogenital Syndrome: ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Adrenogenital Syndrome: ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Adrenogenital Syndrome: ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Adrenogenital Syndrome: ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Adrenogenital Syndrome: ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob loj ntawm cov qog adrenal yog adrenogenital syndrome, uas tsim cov tshuaj hormones tshwj xeeb uas koom nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm lub cev kev ua haujlwm raug cuam tshuam. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no, kev tsim cov androgens, steroid kev sib deev cov tshuaj hormones, nce, uas ua rau virilization ntawm qhov chaw mos kab mob, underdevelopment ntawm cov qog mammary, masculinization, infertility thiab lwm yam pathologies. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim li cas thiab nws yog dab tsi tau piav qhia hauv qab no.

Problem Description

Adrogenital Syndrome yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm adrenal cortex, uas tsim cov enzymes lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj steroids cuam tshuam. Nrog rau tus kab mob no, muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev sib deev tshwm sim.

Raws li kev txheeb cais, kab mob feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv cov neeg sawv cev ntawm haiv neeg Yudais (19%), hauv Eskimos tus kab mob tau kuaj pom hauv ib kis ntawm ob puas thiab yim caum-ob, thiab hauv Caucasians - 1: 14000.

adrenogenital syndrome nyob rau hauv cov tub
adrenogenital syndrome nyob rau hauv cov tub

Adrogenital Syndrome hom qub txeeg qub teg yog autosomal recessive. Yog tias ob leeg niam txiv muaj cov kab mob no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev muaj menyuam muaj qhov tsis xws luag yog 25%. Thaum ib tug niam txiv yog tus neeg nqa khoom thiab lwm tus muaj tus kab mob, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev muaj menyuam yaus uas muaj qhov tsis sib xws hauv lub cev nce mus txog 75%. Yog hais tias ib tug ntawm cov niam txiv tsis muaj tus kab mob no, tus me nyuam yuav tsis pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.

Congenital adrenogenital syndrome yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov enzymes uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib txuas ntawm steroids. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj qhov txo qis hauv kev tsim cov corticosteroids (cortisol thiab aldosterone) ib txhij nce hauv androgens vim qhov nce qib ntawm ACTH, ib qho tshuaj hormones uas ua rau hyperplasia ntawm adrenal cortex raws li ib qho kev them nyiaj rau kev ua haujlwm zoo. kev tsim cov tshuaj steroids. Tag nrho cov no ua rau pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob thaum ntxov.

Yog li, tus mob adrenogenital, cov kab mob uas tau piav qhia saum toj no, cuam tshuam nrog cov noob hloov pauv uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam cortisol ntau lawm.

Ntau zaus, tus kab mob pib tshwm sim nws tus kheej tom qab kev ntxhov siab hnyav, kev raug mob, uas yog, cov xwm txheej uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm adrenal cortex.

Cov ntawv ntawm adrenogenital syndrome

Hauv tshuaj, nws yog ib txwm ua kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kab mob hauv qab no nyob ntawm cov tsos mob, qhov hnyav ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, nrog rau lub sijhawm tshwm sim ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntawm pathology:

  • Daim ntawv post-pubertal yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws,Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm puberty los yog thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qhov chaw mos muaj ib tug natural qauv, nyob rau hauv cov poj niam tej zaum yuav muaj kev nce nyob rau hauv lub clitoris, nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej - qhov noov. Feem ntau, cov pathology tau pom los ntawm lub sijhawm thaum kuaj tus neeg mob rau kev xeeb tub.
  • daim ntawv viril tsawg zuj zus. Nrog rau tus kab mob no hauv cov poj niam me nyuam mos, kev loj hlob txawv txav ntawm qhov chaw mos plab hnyuv siab raum, nyob rau hauv cov tub hluas lawv loj hlob tuaj. Tsis muaj cov tsos mob qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog adrenal. Raws li cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog, cov cim qhia ntawm pathology pib pom lawv tus kheej kom meej meej vim yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev raug rau androgens. Hauv cov ntxhais, muaj hypertrophy ntawm clitoris, nce hauv labia majora. Cov tub hluas muaj qhov loj noov, daim tawv nqaij scrotum, pigmented areolas ntawm lub txiv mis.
  • Daim ntawv ntsev-tso ntawm adrenogenital syndrome yog qhov sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob hnyav tshaj plaws, uas tau kuaj pom nyob rau thawj xyoo ntawm tus menyuam lub neej. Cov menyuam yaus ua rau ntuav thiab raws plab, convulsions. Hauv cov ntxhais, kev kuaj mob cuav hermaphroditism (qhov chaw mos yog tsim raws li txiv neej hom), hauv cov tub hluas - qhov nce ntawm qhov noov. Yog tsis muaj kev kho mob, kev tuag tshwm sim.
  • Acquired pathology raug kuaj pom hauv 5% ntawm cov neeg mob.

Muaj lwm hom kab mob uas tsis tshua muaj: lipid, hyperthermic thiab hypertensive adrenogenital syndrome hauv menyuam yaus.

Adrenogenital Syndrome hom kev xeeb tub
Adrenogenital Syndrome hom kev xeeb tub

Kev txhim kho kab mob

Raws li tau hais los saum no, qhov ua rau muaj tus kabmobCov noob hloov pauv tshwm sim, ua rau tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes uas koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj steroids. Feem ntau qhov no yog vim lub pathology ntawm cov noob uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov tshuaj hormone cortisol (95% ntawm cov neeg mob). Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, muaj kev tawg ntawm lwm cov enzymes koom nrog hauv steroidogenesis.

Feem ntau, cov tsos mob ntawm pathology pib tshwm sim tom qab muaj mob hnyav, raug mob thiab qaug dab peg, raug hluav taws xob, muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ntxhov siab, kev siv lub cev ntev, thiab lwm yam.

Tus kab mob kis tau tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm androsteroma - cov qog nqaij hlav zoo uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau qhov tsis zoo. Neoplasms yog tsim los ntawm adenocytes ntawm adrenal cortex, uas ua rau lub synthesis ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm androgens. Cov kab mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog.

Symptoms and signs of disease

Virile thiab ntsev-poob cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kab mob yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub prenatal lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob thiab tshwm sim tom qab yug me nyuam. Lawv cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog virilization ntawm sab nraud genitalia. Nyob rau hauv cov ntxhais, lub clitoris ua loj, zoo li ib tug txiv neej noov, lub labia kuj loj. Hauv cov tub hluas, qhov noov kuj loj, pigmentation ntawm lub scrotum tshwm sim.

adrenogenital syndrome nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos
adrenogenital syndrome nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos

Tus kab mob tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

  • predominance ntawm txiv neej zoo;
  • hnyav pigmentation ntawm qhov chaw mos;
  • thaum ntxov cov plaub hau loj hlob hauv thaj chaw pubic thiabcaj npab;
  • pob khaus.

Ua ke nrog qhov no, mob hnyav somatic tshwm sim, uas qee zaum ua rau tuag. Hauv qhov no, cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob adrenogenital yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • mob raws plab thiab ntuav ua rau lub cev qhuav dej;
  • xav

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kab mob no muaj adrenal tsis txaus. Adrenogenital syndrome nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob xws li ntuav, acidosis, adynamia, sluggish sucking, thiab hyperpigmentation.

Tshuaj mob thaum loj hlob

Thaum tus me nyuam loj hlob tuaj, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob hnyav zuj zus. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cev qhov chaw pib tsim. Cov menyuam ntxhais feem ntau muaj qhov me me, lub xub pwg dav thiab lub pelvis nqaim. Ua ntej hnub nyoog xya xyoo, kev puberty pib, uas yog nrog los ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov txiv neej theem nrab yam ntxwv.

Nrog rau daim ntawv tom qab yug me nyuam ntawm tus kab mob, cov tsos mob tsis tshua meej. Feem ntau, cov neeg no thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov muaj cov plaub hau nyob hauv thaj tsam pubic, txiv mis thiab armpits, nrog rau saum daim di ncauj thiab raws kab dawb ntawm lub plab. Tag nrho cov no yog nrog los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm pob txuv. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau tus menyuam kom loj hlob ntawm lub ntsej muag cov plaub hau ntau dhau ib ncig ntawm lub hwj txwv, hwj txwv, pubis, hauv siab, nraub qaum, thiab sab ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm ob thiab tsib xyoos.

Congenital Adrenogenital Syndrome
Congenital Adrenogenital Syndrome

Raws li kev txheeb cais, tus kab mob no feem ntau nrog kev txo qis hauv cov ntshav siab, kev loj hlob ntawm hypotension, mob taub hau, thiab nce pigmentation ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tej zaumtxoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev qhuav dej vim ua txhaum ntawm dej-metabolic functions nyob rau hauv lub cev.

Qee zaum, muaj ntshav siab nce ntxiv, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau cov mineralocorticoids hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus neeg.

Txhais tau

Raws li txoj cai, adrenogenital syndrome ua rau muaj kev xeeb tub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tsos mob ntawm pathology tshwm sim ua ntej, cov poj niam tsis tshua muaj cev xeeb tub. Qee hom kab mob ua rau kom nchuav menyuam thaum ntxov.

mob hnyav

Cov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws ntawm tus kab mob yog mob adrenal tsis txaus, uas yog nrog xiav thiab txias sab, hypothermia, xeev siab, ntuav thiab raws plab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, adrenogenital syndrome nyob rau hauv cov tub hluas thiab cov ntxhais feem ntau ua rau lub cev qhuav dej, qhuav tawv nqaij, sharpening ntawm lub ntsej muag nta, retraction ntawm lub fontanel, palpitations thiab txo cov ntshav siab. Tus mob no ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau lub neej, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los muab kev pab kho mob raws sijhawm.

ntsuas ntsuas

Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus mob adrenogenital suav nrog kev siv ntau txoj kev:

  • Ultrasound thiab CT, cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov qog adrenal loj tuaj, thiab lub tsev menyuam hauv cov poj niam lag luam poob qis hauv kev loj hlob.
  • Kev kuaj ntshav thiab zis, uas qhia tau tias muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm testosterone, DAE, FSH thiab LH, renin.
  • Kev kuaj ACTH qhia qhov txo qis hauv cortisol concentration.
  • Tshawb nrhiav ntshav ntshav rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm androstenedione.
  • ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub basal.

Differential Diagnosis

Tus kws kho mob sib txawv adrenogenital syndrome nrog cov kab mob xws li polycystic zes qe menyuam, androblastoma, androsteroma ntawm cov qog adrenal. Hauv qhov no, kev tshawb fawb hormonal ntawm cov zis thiab ntshav yog ua los txiav txim siab qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob endocrinologist, kws kho mob urologist thiab kws kho caj ces yuav tsum tau.

Cov tsos mob ntawm adrenogenital syndrome
Cov tsos mob ntawm adrenogenital syndrome

Kev kho mob

Adrenogenital Syndrome kev kho mob suav nrog kev kho tshuaj hormone hloov, uas yog tsom rau kev ua kom tsis muaj steroids. Kev kho tshuaj hormonal tsis yog siv thaum tsis muaj daim tawv nqaij ua pob khaus, ib txwm coj khaub ncaws, thiab tseem tsis muaj kev npaj cev xeeb tub yav tom ntej. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, kev kho yuav nyob ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob, daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob thiab qib ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim. Feem ntau, lwm cov tshuaj tau sau tseg nrog rau kev siv cov tshuaj hormones.

Yog tias tus poj niam npaj yuav xeeb tub, nws yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj glucocorticosteroids kom txog thaum cev xeeb tub. Kev kho mob tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj uas txhawb nqa ovulation. Txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nchuav menyuam, cov tshuaj hormones yuav tsum tau noj kom txog thaum lub lim tiam thib kaum peb ntawm cev xeeb tub.

Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj yog tias tus poj niam tsis npaj cev xeeb tub, tab sis yws ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem thiab ua pob tawv nqaij. Kev kho mob hauv qhov no yuav kav ntev txog rau lub hlis, tom qab uas cov tshuaj hormone hloov pauv tau pom zoo.

kev kho mob phais

Nyob rau hauv qhov tsis tseeb hermaphroditism hnyav, cov tshuaj hormones raug sau tseg, thiab kev phais yog ua los kho lub genitalia sab nraud. Qee zaum kev pab ntawm tus kws kho mob hlwb yuav xav tau. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum tus kab mob congenital tsis tau kuaj pom thaum ntxov, thiab tus ntxhais tau coj los rau hauv tsev neeg li ib tug tub. Qee zaum, cov kws kho mob tshem tawm lub tsev menyuam thiab nws cov appendages txhawm rau khaws cia cov txiv neej pw ua ke, tab sis qhov kev txiav txim siab no yuav tsum yog tus neeg mob.

Kev cuam tshuam kev phais yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm ntawm clitoris, kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov ntswg thiab tsim kev nkag mus rau qhov chaw mos. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob thib ob, cov tshuaj noj tau nce ntxiv.

Yog li, cov tswv yim ntawm kev kho cov kab mob sib txawv nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kab mob, lub sijhawm kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom pib kho sai li sai tau txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem.

Kev kuaj mob adrenogenital syndrome
Kev kuaj mob adrenogenital syndrome

Huab cua

Qhov kev cia siab ntawm tus kabmob yog nyob ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob raws sijhawm, kev kho kom zoo, kev phais yas ntawm qhov chaw mos sab nraud. Feem ntau, cov neeg mob muaj luv luv stature thiab cosmetic tsis xws luag, uas ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm lawv cov kev hloov hauv zej zog. Nrog kev kho mob zoo, cov poj niam muaj peev xwm nqa tau tus menyuam ib txwm muaj. Hormone hloov kho feem ntau pab txhawb txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov qog mammary, normalization ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws.

Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm daim ntawv ntsev-poobcov kab mob, cov neeg mob feem ntau tuag ntxov hauv lub neej los ntawm kev txhim kho mob ntsws los yog pylorospasm. Raws li kev txheeb cais, qhov tshwm sim thaum ntxov ntawm pathology ua rau muaj menyuam ntxov ntxov.

cov ntaub ntawv ntawm adrenogenital syndrome
cov ntaub ntawv ntawm adrenogenital syndrome

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Kev tiv thaiv raug coj thaum npaj cev xeeb tub. Nco ntsoov sab laj nrog kws kho caj ces yog tias muaj cov kab mob zoo li no hauv tsev neeg. Nws raug pom zoo tias ob tus neeg koom tes tau txais ACTH los txiav txim siab txog kev thauj mus los ntawm pathology. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua kev tshawb fawb txog qib ntawm steroid concentration nyob rau hnub thib tsib tom qab yug me nyuam thiaj li yuav tau pib kho cov kab mob raws sij hawm.

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