Pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam: ua rau, qhov tshwm sim

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Pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam: ua rau, qhov tshwm sim
Pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam: ua rau, qhov tshwm sim

Video: Pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam: ua rau, qhov tshwm sim

Video: Pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam: ua rau, qhov tshwm sim
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Lub tsev menyuam yog lub cev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov poj niam txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev zoo nkauj sab nrauv. Vim nws, kev ua hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho cov kev ua me nyuam system yog nqa tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus ntxhais yuav ntsib kev ua txhaum ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub cev. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov kws tshaj lij hais tias tus neeg mob tsim cov kab mob uterine.

uterine pathology
uterine pathology

Cov kab mob ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab qhov chaw mos yog dab tsi?

Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yog qhov tsis yooj yim thiab kev ua txhaum cai tuaj yeem ua rau tsis ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem, ua rau muaj mob hnyav. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias pathology ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab lub tsev menyuam tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si congenital thiab kis tau. muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Cov kab mob kis tau tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb lossis los ntawm kev cuam tshuam. Tab sis congenital pathologies ntawm lub tsev menyuam loj hlob thaum lub sij hawm thaum lub fetus tseem nyob rau hauv lub tsev menyuam. Lawv qhov tsos yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau qhov laj thawj thiab yam tseem ceeb, nrog rau tib neeg lub caj ces predisposition.

Cov kab mob hauv lub tsev menyuam hauv qab no muaj ntau heev:

  • Bihorned lossis eeb yam ntawm lub cev.
  • Kev muaj cov kab mob hauv lub plabuterus.
  • Ntau yam tshwm sim ntawm lub cev tsis muaj kev txhim kho.
  • Tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub zes qe menyuam.

Tab sis cov kab mob kis tau suav nrog ntau yam kab mob, ntawm qhov khoov ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab ntau yam tsis xws luag ntawm nws lub caj dab muaj ntau heev.

pathology ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab uterus
pathology ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab uterus

Cervical pathology - Koj yuav tsum npaj dab tsi?

Ib tug poj niam yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev xws li lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Pathology hauv cheeb tsam no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj heev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txheeb xyuas tus kab mob raws sijhawm thiab tshem tawm ntawm thawj theem.

Cov kab mob uas tshwm sim ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam yog:

  • Txhob Cia Siab. Thaum lub sij hawm tus kab mob no, lub mucous daim nyias nyias uas lub ntsej muag ntawm qhov chaw mos yog puas. Feem ntau, ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas, nws zoo li qhov chaw ntawm cov xim liab. Qee zaum, nrog kev kho mob tsis zoo, pseudo-erosion tuaj yeem tshwm sim - yaig uas tsis kho tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, cov qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov ntswg yuav tshwm sim, uas ua rau txhaws ntawm cov qog ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam.
  • Dyskeratosis - txheej txheej ntawm ntau lub hlwb hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Qhov no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev qhia txog tib neeg papillomavirus mus rau hauv lub epithelium, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsim mob qog noj ntshav.
  • Papillomatosis lossis condylomatosis. Cov kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis tus poj niam nrog papillomavirus. Feem ntau muaj warts ntawm qhov chaw mos.
  • Dysplasia. Qhov no yog theem precancerous ntawm lub epithelium.

Dhau li, ib tug poj niam tuaj yeemkuaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev menyuam, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob tsis zoo ntawm lwm cov kab mob.

uterine dysplasia
uterine dysplasia

YUterine dysplasia - yog dab tsi?

Ntau tus ntxhais hnov txog qhov teeb meem, tab sis tsis to taub nws lub ntsiab lus. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias uterine dysplasia tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov poj niam. Thaum lub sij hawm no pathology, kev cuam tshuam loj tshwm sim hauv cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam, uas thaum kawg ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob no thaum ntxov tshaj plaws, nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm sai sai nrog kev pab kho tshwj xeeb.

hom kab mob

Txawm li cas los xij, nyob ntawm hom kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cov mucous membrane, uterine dysplasia muaj ntau hom:

  1. First degree. Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv me me: hloov thiab nyob tsuas yog 30% ntawm lub thickness ntawm lub mucosa. Feem ntau qhov kev kawm no ua tiav imperceptibly thiab hauv 80% ntawm cov teeb meem daws nws tus kheej yam tsis tau kho.
  2. Dysplasia ntawm qib thib ob (nruab nrab). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm hloov mucosal hlwb account rau 60-70% ntawm lub thickness ntawm lub endometrium. Yog tsis muaj kev kho mob, hom kab mob no daws tau tsuas yog 50% ntawm cov neeg mob. Hauv yuav luag 20% ntawm cov poj niam cuam tshuam, nws dhau mus rau qib peb ntawm dysplasia, thaum lwm tus 30% nws yog lub hauv paus rau kev loj hlob ntawm qog nqaij hlav cancer.
  3. Thib peb ntawm dysplasia (qhov mob hnyav). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tag nrho cov mucosal txheej yog nyob los ntawm altered hlwb.

Txawm li cas los xij ntawm tus kab mob kuaj pom, nws yuav tsum tau kho tam sim.

pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab qhov chaw mos
pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab qhov chaw mos

Pathologies ntawm uterine kab noj hniav

Lawv kuj muaj ntau heevkev kho mob. Yeej, pathology ntawm lub tsev me nyuam kab noj hniav tshwm sim vim o nyob rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav, hormonal ntshawv siab thiab kev phais.

Cov kev sib txawv thiab kev tsis sib haum hauv qab no muaj nyob rau hauv kab noj hniav:

  • Kev tshwm sim ntawm endometrial hyperplasia.
  • Fibroids.
  • Cov tsos mob ntawm lub plab adhesions.
  • Ntau lub cev txawv teb chaws hauv kab noj hniav.
  • mob khaub thuas sib txawv.

Thaum pom thawj zaug ntawm kev tsis xis nyob, tus ntxhais yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab tsim nyog.

pathology ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam
pathology ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam

YDab tsi yog endometrial hyperplasia?

Ntau tus poj niam, tau hnov qhov kev kuaj mob no hauv gynecologist lub chaw ua haujlwm, pib poob rau hauv kev poob siab. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua yam txaus ntshai heev. Yog tias qhov no pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam tau txiav txim siab thaum ntxov, nws tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim los ntawm kev xaiv txoj kev kho mob.

Hyperplasia ntawm endometrium yog kev loj hlob ntawm ib txheej uas nyob rau hauv kab noj hniav. Feem ntau, qhov nce no tshwm sim txhua lub hlis hauv ib tus poj niam. Thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm erogenous, lub mucous daim nyias nyias yog npaj rau lub txais ntawm ib tug fertilized qe. Nyob rau hauv nws qhov tsis muaj, qhov kev tsis lees paub ntawm cov txheej txheem endometrial pib, uas ua rau nws txoj kev loj hlob. Feem ntau qhov tshwm sim no tshwm sim ua ntej pib ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws. Yog tias muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem no, ces qhov endometrium loj hlob ntau dua. Hom kab mob nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm txheej.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov teeb meem no feem ntau kuaj pom los ntawm kev kuaj histological xwb. Qhov kev kuaj mob no tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab qhov chaw nyobkab mob, nws daim ntawv thiab degree. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ultrasound thiab kuaj los ntawm tus kws kho mob gynecologist yog qhov kev pabcuam zoo hauv kev kuaj mob, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov muaj ntawm endometrial hyperplasia.

uterine dysplasia
uterine dysplasia

uterine fibroids yog dab tsi?

Tus kab mob no heev insidious thiab txaus ntshai. Uterine fibroids yog benign qog. Nws tsis raug cais raws li mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov no pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam tuaj yeem tshwm sim ob qho tib si hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub cev thiab ntawm caj dab. Qhov loj ntawm cov qog tuaj yeem yog los ntawm ib millimeter mus rau ob peb centimeters.

Nyob ntawm qhov chaw, fibroids muab faib ua cov hauv qab no:

  1. Subserous myoma. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov neoplasm nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm lub cev, feem ntau yog nruab nrab ntawm lub plab thiab lub tsev menyuam.
  2. Intramuscular fibroids. Hauv qhov no, cov qog yog nyob ncaj qha rau hauv cov leeg ntawm lub tsev menyuam.
  3. Submucosal fibroids. Cov qog kis mus rau sab hauv, nyob hauv qab daim nyias nyias.
  4. Uterine fibroids ntawm ceg. Daim ntawv no tshwm sim ob qho tib si hauv subserous myoma thiab hauv submucosal. Qhov txawv yog nqaim lossis dav ceg.

Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob uas muaj kev paub dhau los tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias tus poj niam mob kis tus kabmob twg.

Dab tsi ua rau uterine fibroids?

Tus kab mob no feem ntau yog los ntawm cov tshuaj hormonal. Feem ntau, fibroids pom nyob rau hauv cov poj niam hluas, nws resorption tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub.

Ntxiv rau, qhov tshwm sim ntawm fibroids muaj ntau yam:

  • Hloov thiab caj ces.
  • Adenomyosis.
  • Cov txheej txheem mob ntawm cov kab mob gynecological.
  • Sedentary txoj kev ua neej thiab rog.
  • Kev rho menyuam thiab IUDs.
  • Kev sib deev yam tsis muaj orgasm.

Kev loj hlob ntawm fibroids feem ntau provokes kev ntxhov siab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau inhibition ntawm cov qog adrenal, zes qe menyuam thiab thyroid caj pas.

Cov koom haum hauv lub cev

Qhov no yog dab tsi? Intrauterine adhesions los yog synechia yog qhov sib txawv hauv cov qauv ntawm lub cev ntawm lub cev. Nws feem ntau hu ua Asherman's syndrome. Qhov no pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam yog piav raws li ib feem los yog ua tiav obliteration ntawm lub tsev menyuam los ntawm connective cov ntaub so ntswg adhesions. Thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob, atrophic hloov nyob rau hauv lub endometrium thiab deformation ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev menyuam tshwm sim.

Tus kab mob ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv kev coj khaub ncaws, ua rau phev permeability tsis zoo, thiab cuam tshuam thaum cog lub qe amniotic. Yog li ntawd, kev xeeb tub yuav tshwm sim. Qhov teeb meem no feem ntau tshwm sim raws li amenorrhea lossis lub voj voog hypomenstrual. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm synechia, muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv bearing fetus thaum cev xeeb tub.

Cas of adhesions

Synechia feem ntau tshwm sim rau ntau yam laj thawj. Qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kab mob, raug mob lossis kab mob gynecological.

Ntawm cov feem ntau ua rau synechia yog cov hauv qab no:

  • Ntau yam kab mob.
  • Tseeb ntawm qhov chaw mos tuberculosis.
  • Kev siv hluav taws xob kho mob.
  • Missed cev xeeb tub.

Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob - ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem endometrial thaum lub sij hawm kev phais ntawm cev xeeb tub, kuaj xyuas curettage, siv cov tshuaj intrauterine contraceptives thiab ntau yam hauj lwm.

kev kho mob ntawm uterine pathologies
kev kho mob ntawm uterine pathologies

Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Kho Mob ntawm uterine pathologies

Tau kawg, ib tug poj niam yuav tsis pom tam sim ntawd ntau qhov kev ua txhaum cai thiab kev sib txawv, vim lawv tsis tshwm sim rau lawv tus kheej hauv txhua txoj kev. Feem ntau cov kab mob no ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv kev xeeb menyuam thiab thaum kawg ua rau muaj menyuam tsis taus. Feem ntau, ntau tus poj niam raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam, pathology ntawm lub cev ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau mus ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist ob zaug hauv ib xyoos rau kev kuaj kom tiav.

Yog tias ib tug poj niam muaj kab mob, ces tus kws kho mob yuav tsum txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Tom qab ntawd nws xa tus neeg mob mus rau tus kws kho mob tsim nyog rau kev kho mob ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum kho uterine pathologies, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav sau ntawv ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hysterosalpingography (HSG) thiab laparoscopic kuaj.

Txhawm rau zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob, ntau tus kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv kev tiv thaiv:

  • Yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus kheej.
  • Txhua 6 lub hlis los kuaj xyuas txhua hnub ntawm tus kws kho mob gynecologist. Kuj tsim nyog. xeem kom tsim nyog (smear - cytology tsom xam).
  • Ua kev sib deev ib txwm.
  • Saib cov cai tiv thaiv thaum sib deev.

Ib tug poj niam yuav tsum tso tsegtus cwj pwm phem. Kev haus cawv thiab haus luam yeeb ua rau txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv: lub cev tsis tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob zoo. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv. Yog tias koj muaj kev tso tawm, mob lossis lwm yam tsos mob tsis zoo, nco ntsoov nrog tus kws kho mob mus kuaj thiab kho ntxiv.

Pom zoo: