Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntau tshaj plaws thiab yooj yim uas tus kws kho mob tau sau rau qhov xav tias muaj kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev yog kuaj zis. Nws tuaj yeem qhia cov qib qab zib, muaj cov qe ntshav dawb thiab cov protein. Feem ntau, yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov protein ntau hauv cov zis - txhua tus paub qhov no. Tab sis kuj muaj kev zam. Protein nyob rau hauv cov zis ntawm tus me nyuam yog feem ntau txuam nrog tsis tsim nyog sampling ntawm cov khoom rau kev tsom xam, nyob rau hauv cov zis ntawm tus poj niam - nrog cev xeeb tub. Tab sis hauv cov zis ntawm tus txiv neej, cov protein tuaj yeem kuaj pom tom qab kev tawm dag zog hauv lub gym. Yog li cia peb saib cov laj thawj uas ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov protein hauv cov zis. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaum nws dhau los ua pathology. Protein hauv cov zis txhais li cas thiab xaiv cov khoom siv los tshuaj xyuas kom raug - kab lus no yog hais txog qhov no.
YProteins yog txhua yam
Koj yuav xav tsis thoob, tab sis txog thaum xyoo 1928 nws yog cov proteins - chains ntawm amino acids uas tsim cov txheej txheem tertiary thiab quaternary - uas tau suav hais tias yog tus nqa khoom.cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los. Niaj hnub no, txhua leej txhua tus paub hais tias deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) yog lub luag hauj lwm rau heredity. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo nyob deb, tus kws kho mob British bacteriologist F. Griffith yog thawj zaug nug txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov proteins uas yog cov nqa ntawm cov genome.
Proteins yog polymeric biomolecules uas muaj 21st amino acid nyob rau hauv peb lub cev. Lawv ua ntau yam haujlwm: catalysis (enzymes), cov txheej txheem (cov protein hauv cov hlwb), contractile (actin thiab myosin ntawm peb cov leeg), tiv thaiv (antibodies uas muab kev tiv thaiv), signaling (rhodopsin hauv receptors ntawm retina), kev tswj hwm (cov tshuaj hormones), thauj (erythrocytes), lub zog thiab khaws cia (albumin thiab ferritin).
Yog vim li cas cov proteins nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv peb lub cev thiab lawv tsim txog li 15% ntawm peb lub cev hnyav. Kuj tseem muaj cov protein ntau hauv cov zis, vim nws yog cov kua dej hauv lub cev. Thiab cov qauv ntawm lawv cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv thawj sawv ntxov tso zis yuav tsum yog 0.33 g / l.
YProteinuria
Qhov no yog qhov kws kho mob hu ua qib protein ntau hauv cov zis. Qhov ua rau muaj protein ntau hauv cov zis tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si physiological thiab pathological. Thawj tshwm sim hauv cov neeg noj qab haus huv, thiab qhov thib ob - tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm ntau yam kab mob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj tshwm sim tias qib ntawm cov protein hauv cov zis yog qis, uas yog, qis dua tus qauv. Thiab vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim no tuaj yeem yog lub cev nqaij daim tawv (lub cev qhuav dej, tshaib plab, noj qee yam tshuaj, lactation thiab cev xeeb tub). Nrog rau cov kab mob pathological, thaum cov proteins hauv lub cev raug rhuav tshem thiab tsis nqus rov qab mus rau hauv cov ntshav (organ pathologies, oncology, ntshav qab zib, thermal burns, frostbite, ntshav poob thiab raug mob). Txawm li cas los xij cov protein tsawg hauv cov zis tsis tshua muaj ntau dua li qib siab.
Dab tsi tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov qub?
Lub tswv yim ntawm lub xeev ib txwm ntawm lub cev yog txheeb ze. Tias yog vim li cas tus kws kho mob ua tib zoo sau cov anamnesis thaum kuaj thiab kuaj tus neeg mob. Tias tus qauv rau tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib tsis yog ib txwm zoo rau tus neeg uas tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob no.
Ntawm qhov nruab nrab, tus nqi ntawm cov protein hauv cov zis ntawm tus poj niam laus yog 0.1 g / l. Txawm li cas los xij, urinary protein ntau thaum cev xeeb tub yog li ntawm 0.3 g / L hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg txog 0.5 g / L thaum cev xeeb tub.
Cov ntsiab lus protein nyob hauv cov zis ntawm tus txiv neej laus yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 0.3 g / l.
Nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam, cov protein nyob rau hauv cov zis yuav tsum tsis txhob tshaj qhov pib ntawm 0.33 g / L.
Muaj lwm qhov ntsuas uas tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob. Qhov no yog qhov poob ntawm cov protein ib hnub. Kev poob protein ntau hauv cov zis txhua hnub yog li ntawm 50-140 mg.
Kev sau cov khoom kom raug yog tus yuam sij rau kev tshuaj xyuas zoo
Nws yog thaum khaws cov zis uas ntau tus neeg ua yuam kev uas ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb tsis tsim nyog txog kev kuaj pom cov protein hauv cov zis.
cov cai yooj yim yuav pab koj sau cov zis kom raug rau kev tshuaj ntsuam dav dav:
- Hnub ua ntej tso zis, nws raug nquahu kom tshem tawm ntawm kev noj zaub mov txhua yam khoom noj uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws muaj xim tsis zoo (beets, marinades, khoom qab zib, nqaij haus luam yeeb).
- Lub sijhawm tib lub sijhawm, tsis txhob haus cawv thiab haus caffeinated.
- Ua ntej kuaj, tsis txhob noj tshuaj ntxiv thiab diuretics.
- Tsim nyog nwstsis txhob ua rau lub cev tawm dag zog, overheating lossis hypothermia.
- Ua ntej sau thawj cov zis thaum sawv ntxov, nws raug nquahu kom ntxuav koj tus kheej thiab muab tso rau hauv lub thawv tshwj xeeb tsis muaj menyuam.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom khaws ib feem ntawm cov zis.
- Nws tsis pom zoo kom khaws tso zis ntau dua 2 teev.
Thaum twg muaj protein nyob hauv cov zis (rau lub cev muaj zog)?
Txawm tias tag nrho cov kev cai tau ua raws, cov protein hauv cov zis tuaj yeem siab rau cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- Kev ntxhov siab-kev ntxhov siab.
- kev ua si lub cev.
- raug UV rays.
- Koj cev xeeb tub tab sis tseem tsis tau paub. Proteins hauv cov zis thaum cev xeeb tub, raws li peb nco qab, tau nce siab.
- Tus kws kho mob tau hnov lub raum ua haujlwm heev thaum lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas ua ntej ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam.
- Txawm tias koj tau da dej sib piv thaum sawv ntxov.
Lwm yam tsis yog lub cev muaj zog
Yog tias pom muaj protein ntau hauv kev kuaj zis, a:
- Dhau li ntawm cov protein, tseem muaj cov leukocytes - pyelonephritis tau.
- Ntxiv rau cov protein, cov qe ntshav liab muaj nyob - feem ntau yuav, koj muaj granulonephritis lossis urolithiasis.
Hauv ob qho tib si, tus neeg mob txhawj xeeb txog qhov mob hauv thaj tsam lumbar, ua npaws, tsis muaj zog, ua daus no, tsis tshua muaj xeev siab thiab ntuav. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, o yog nyob rau hauv lub raum pelvis, qhov twg cov zis yog sau los ntawm ntau yam structural units ntawm lub raum - nephrons. Hauv qhov thib ob, glomeruli ntawm nephrons lawv tus kheej ua rau mob.
Lwm yamHom kab mob pathological proteinuria
Cov kab mob urinary uas teev saum toj no tsis yog tib qho uas ua rau muaj protein ntau hauv cov zis. Ntxiv rau lawv, koj tuaj yeem sau cov hauv qab no:
- Cov txheej txheem mob hauv caj pas prostate hauv cov txiv neej.
- Kev raug mob thiab qhov mob tshwj xeeb ntawm lub raum.
- Kev ntxhov siab thiab mob vwm.
- Kab mob nrog ua npaws thiab ua npaws.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis haum - angioedema thiab anaphylactic shock.
- Hypertension nyob rau theem thib ob thiab thib peb ntawm kev txhim kho tus kabmob.
- Endocrine pathologies - ntshav qab zib, hyper- thiab hypoavitaminosis.
- Kev rog dhau theem kawg.
- Kev qaug rau lub cev.
- mob o hauv plab zom mov.
- kab mob - kab mob rheumatoid thiab scleroderma.
- YOncological pathologies.
Qhov no yog cov protein nyob hauv cov zis txhais tau li cas, tab sis tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tsim qhov kev kuaj mob, suav nrog kev kuaj ntshav dav dav, kuaj tus neeg mob thiab lwm yam kev sim.
Bence Jones 's scary squirrel
Qhov no yog ib qho immunoglobulin hom K thiab X. Nws yog nws uas pom nyob rau hauv cov zis thaum muaj ntau yam myeloma (oncological pathology ntawm daim tawv nqaij). Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov ntshav plasma hlwb, muaj qhov hnyav molecular me me thiab yog li ntawd zoo tawm hauv cov zis.
Cov protein no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txiav txim siab plasma myeloma. Nws cuam tshuam rau cov neeg laus ntau zaus, thiab kev tshawb pom ua ntej ntawm cov kab mob no ua rau muaj qhov pom zoo heev.
Puas muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov niam txiv uas xav kom nce qib protein ntau?
Thaum cev xeeb tub, tag nrho lub cev ntawm tus poj niam tau rov ua dua tshiab, tag nrho nws lub zog yog tsom los tswj kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab. Thiab lub raum thaum lub sijhawm no pib ua haujlwm hauv hom kev txhim kho.
Kev tshuaj xyuas zis hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem qhia ntau yam pathologies hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov zis nyob rau theem pib. Nyob rau theem no, qib me me ntawm cov proteinuria lossis mycoalbuminuria (albumin hauv cov zis) yog cov qauv. Tab sis yog hais tias xws li ib lub xeev tseem nyob ntev, qhov no yuav tsum ceeb. Yog hais tias nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj anemia, nephropathy, ceev heev qaug zog thiab tsaug zog, nquag kiv taub hau, ces cov tsos mob no yuav qhia tau hais tias thawj theem ntawm ntshav qab zib mellitus los yog lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm. Thiab qhov no twb ua rau muaj kev hem thawj loj rau kev loj hlob thiab kev coj tus menyuam hauv plab.
Qhov no yog vim li cas gynecologists xa tus poj niam cev xeeb tub mus kuaj zis txhua peb lub hlis twg, txawm tias txhua yam zoo li qub.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ntshav siab nce siab uas yog yam ntxwv thaum cev xeeb tub kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov protein hauv cov zis. Yog li ntawd, txhua tus niam tsev uas muaj lub luag haujlwm yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua, ua raws li nws cov lus pom zoo, saib xyuas ntshav siab, thiab ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tsawg uas muaj cov vitamins.
Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum xav txog kev xeem?
Txawm hais tias ua rau muaj proteinuria, muaj cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob no uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus:
- Nyob ntev ntawm kev qaug zog.
- Drowsiness thaum lub sijhawm tsis tsaug zog.
- Kev qab los noj mov.
- Ntshai xeev khuam thiab ntuav mob.
- ua npaws thiab ua daus no.
- o ntawm sab sauv thiab sab qis, qee zaum yog thaum sawv ntxov.
- ntxub tawm hws.
- Tsis yog tus yam ntxwv mob mob hauv pob qij txha thiab cov leeg (cov protein tsuas yog khaws cia hauv cov pob qij txha, feem ntau ntiv tes thiab tes).
Tab sis qee yam kev hloov pauv tshwm sim nrog tso zis:
- Thaum tuav cov kua, ua npuas dej ntau - cov no yog cov protein.
- Ib pob zeb dawb muaj nyob hauv cov zis - ntxiv rau cov proteins, muaj cov leukocytes hauv cov zis.
- tso zis yog huab thiab tsaus xim - cov ntshav liab muab xim.
- Qhov tshwj xeeb tsis hnov tsw ntawm ammonia thaum tso zis - tej zaum yuav yog lub teeb liab rau kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib.
Yuav ua li cas?
Ua ntej tshaj, tsis txhob ntshai thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob (tus kws kho mob lossis kws kho mob nephrologist) koj ntseeg. Tom qab ua tiav tag nrho cov chav kawm ntawm kev kuaj thiab kuaj, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas. Tsuas muaj ib txoj hauv kev los txo qis cov proteins hauv cov zis - tshem tawm qhov ua rau lawv pom.
Thiab tsis muaj ib daim ntawv qhia hauv qhov no. Tab sis txawm tias ua ntej qhov kev kuaj mob tseem ceeb, nws raug nquahu kom tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom noj txhua yam ntsim thiab qab ntsev, marinades thiab haus cov nqaij, cawv thiab kas fes.
Hnub no, raws li kev txheeb cais ntawm Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb, tsis muaj ntau yam kab mob hauv ntiaj teb uas tsis tuaj yeem kho lossis kho nrog qhov raug, kuaj mob raws sijhawm thiab ua raws.tus neeg mob ntawm txhua tus kws kho mob cov tshuaj.
Kev tsis quav ntsej cov protein ntau hauv cov zis tuaj yeem ua rau koj noj qab haus huv. Yog li ntawd, thaum lawv raug kuaj pom, kev tshuaj xyuas rov qab yog thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov muab. Thiab, tej zaum, koj tsuas sau cov khoom tsis raug. Saib xyuas cov neeg koj hlub thiab noj qab nyob zoo!
